The knapsack problem with a minimum filling constraint

We study a knapsack problem with an additional minimum filling constraint, such that the total weight of selected items cannot be less than a given threshold. The problem has several applications in shipping, e‐commerce, and transportation service procurement. When the threshold equals the knapsack capacity, even finding a feasible solution to the problem is NP‐hard. Therefore, we consider the case when the ratio α of threshold to capacity is less than 1. For this case, we develop an approximation scheme that returns a feasible solution with a total profit not less than (1 ‐ ε) times the total profit of an optimal solution for any ε > 0, and with a running time polynomial in the number of items, 1/ε, and 1/(1‐α). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

基于时频单源点检测和聚类验证技术的欠定混合盲辨识算法

针对欠定混合盲辨识问题,提出了一种基于时频单源点检测及聚类验证的盲辨识算法。检测各个源信号的时频单源点,利用奇异值分解的方法求解不同单源点集合对应的混合矢量,利用基于k均值的聚类验证技术完成源信号数目和混合矩阵的联合估计。算法放宽了已有方法对时频单源区域的假设,不需要假设信号存在时频单源区域,可以完成仅存在离散的时频单源点条件下的欠定混合盲辨识;同时克服了传统算法需要假设源信号个数已知的不足,可以有效地估计源信号数目。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

THE SECURITY IMPLICATIONS OF CHINA'S NUCLEAR ENERGY EXPANSION

Nuclear energy is an integral part of China's energy strategy and will increasingly contribute to China's total energy supply. China has more than twenty civilian facilities, including power reactors, mines, and enrichment plants, to support its nuclear power program. As China operates more nuclear plants, more nuclear materials will be produced and stockpiled, and more nuclear facilities will be spread around the country. To ensure that this expanded network of nuclear facilities does not increase the risk that nuclear materials will be diverted or become the target of attack, China will need to develop more reliable domestic nuclear security strategies. China is also poised to become a major exporter of nuclear energy technology. China has committed to keeping nuclear technologies out of the hands of dangerous states and/or sub-state organizations, but in order to fulfill its nonproliferation obligations as well as its treaty-based commitment to share nuclear technologies, China will need to strengthen nuclear export controls and practices. This report examines and evaluates security measures at Chinese civilian nuclear power plants and suggests ways to improve them. It also reviews current export control policies and systems, identifies likely challenges to the expanding nuclear sector, and proposes possible solutions.     

基于组合函数的弹药装填机器人轨迹规划

针对非确定环境下弹药装填机器人作业过程需满足平稳、连续及实时控制易于实现的要求,提出了基于三次多项式与五次多项式相结合的组合函数的弹药装填机器人轨迹规划方法,并对弹药装填机器人取弹作业进行了轨迹规划和仿真计算,实时得到各关节角度、角速度和角加速度,结果表明:该方法既能保证弹药装填作业过程的平稳性与连续性,又能满足作业轨迹高阶导数连续性的要求.     

土壤胡敏酸质量分数对TNT吸附-解吸的影响

研究了TNT在去有机质茶园土、茶园土原土、胡敏酸质量分数2%茶园土和胡敏酸质量分数5%茶园土共4种土壤上的吸附动理学以及吸附-解吸行为。动理学实验表明,胡敏酸质量分数越高,土壤吸附的TNT越多,快吸附和慢吸附区分越明显,吸附达到饱和状态所需的时间越长。吸附-解吸实验表明,TNT在土壤上的吸附-解吸特性与土壤胡敏酸质量分数有关:胡敏酸质量分数越高,土壤吸附TNT的能力越强,解吸能力越弱,解吸滞后性越显著。4种土壤的胡敏酸质量分数顺序由大至小为胡敏酸质量分数5%茶园土、胡敏酸质量分数2%茶园土、茶园土原土、去有机质茶园土;土壤吸附TNT能力和TNT解吸滞后性皆与此顺序一致,而TNT解吸能力则与此顺序相反。     

基于Delphi的油料装备战时维修力量模拟优化配置

由于战时存在一些不可确定、非可知和随机模糊因素,应用传统的数学方法或模型难以对油料装备战时维修力量配置问题进行准确描述或求解。以战时油料装备定点维修系统为研究对象,构建了油料装备战时维修力量优化配置模型,在忽略随机因素影响的前提下利用常规数学方法计算得到一个维修组配置的初始方案。通过选用Delphi 7.0软件对其进行模拟优化分析,确定了战时随机条件下油料装备维修组配置的最佳数量,解决了战时维修力量配置不精确、不合理问题,从而在确保战时油料装备维修保障需要的同时避免了资源闲置与浪费。     

高柔悬臂结构的弯曲型集中质量模型研究

基于质量集中和刚度等效的原则,提出了一种将高柔悬臂结构简化为弯曲型集中质量模型的新方法。首先,根据集中质量法确定简化模型节点处的集中质量。然后,基于振动特征方程和悬臂结构柔度矩阵中各元素与抗弯刚度的倒数之间具有线性关系的特点,推导出固有频率与层间等效抗弯刚度之间的非线性关系式;通过有限元软件对结构进行模态分析,提取其固有频率,将提取的固有频率代入关系式即可计算出等效抗弯刚度。最后,用数值算例对比验证了该模型简化方法的有效性和精确性。     

不同环境条件油气爆炸极限测试模拟实验系统

针对不同环境条件油气爆炸极限测试的特殊需要,研制了相应的测试实验台架和关键参数测试系统。对标准20L球形爆炸装置进行了改进,使之适用于不同环境条件油气爆炸极限的测定与分析,设计并构建了能够配制不同浓度油气的油气雾化循环配气系统、瞬态压力测试单元、温湿度测试单元和气体组分测试单元等。实验验证与分析结果表明：该模拟实验系统能够满足不同环境条件油气爆炸极限测试分析的需要,也可供其他相似可燃气体（液体蒸气）测试使用。     

基于时频信号项的输电塔损伤识别柔度矩阵法

将悬臂结构损伤识别柔度矩阵法和振动时域响应信号时频分析方法相结合,利用柔度矩阵与结构参数间的线性关系,引入突卸荷载激励下振动响应的WVD时频分布信号项幅值向量,通过求解损伤系数方程来识别集中质量型输电塔结构的损伤位置和程度。算例分析表明,所提出的方法通过一次测量就能准确地识别出结构单个或多个损伤的程度,并具有良好的抗噪性。     

脉状矿的矿产储量最优计算

本文利用改进的三维克里金法对脉状矿进行储量计算,给出一个有效的储量与品位分布计算程序。文中提出网格法理论处理矿体边界和断层问题,采用圆锥法计算脉状矿的半变异函数等办法,为提高估算精度和加快计算速度起到了很好的作用。