Benders decomposition with alternative multiple cuts for a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design model

In this article, we consider a multi‐product closed‐loop supply chain network design problem where we locate collection centers and remanufacturing facilities while coordinating the forward and reverse flows in the network so as to minimize the processing, transportation, and fixed location costs. The problem of interest is motivated by the practice of an original equipment manufacturer in the automotive industry that provides service parts for vehicle maintenance and repair. We provide an effective problem formulation that is amenable to efficient Benders reformulation and an exact solution approach. More specifically, we develop an efficient dual solution approach to generate strong Benders cuts, and, in addition to the classical single Benders cut approach, we propose three different approaches for adding multiple Benders cuts. These cuts are obtained via dual problem disaggregation based either on the forward and reverse flows, or the products, or both. We present computational results which illustrate the superior performance of the proposed solution methodology with multiple Benders cuts in comparison to the branch‐and‐cut approach as well as the traditional Benders decomposition approach with a single cut. In particular, we observe that the use of multiple Benders cuts generates stronger lower bounds and promotes faster convergence to optimality. We also observe that if the model parameters are such that the different costs are not balanced, but, rather, are biased towards one of the major cost categories (processing, transportation or fixed location costs), the time required to obtain the optimal solution decreases considerably when using the proposed solution methodology as well as the branch‐and‐cut approach. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

论城市公共安全管理网络平台的建设

针对城市的快速发展,各种突发性自然灾害或人为破坏事件增多,在充分分析城市公共安全管理现状的基础上,提出了城市公共安全管理网络平台建设,并对其总体结构,各自功能,技术、政策支持及运行模式进行了深入论述。     

基于特征结构配置的车辆主动悬架控制器设计

基于特征结构配置参数化方法,提出了车辆主动悬架控制器设计方法,其目的是设计一组状态反馈控制器,使得闭环结构系统具有希望极点和特征向量。该方法提供的自由参数,可用来满足系统的鲁棒性能等指标。该方法直接基于车辆悬架系统的参数矩阵,故便于工程应用。对车辆悬架系统进行仿真分析,结果表明该设计方法简单有效。     

Generation and storage dispatch in electricity networks with generator disruptions

We present methods for optimizing generation and storage decisions in an electricity network with multiple unreliable generators, each colocated with one energy storage unit (e.g., battery), and multiple loads under power flow constraints. Our model chooses the amount of energy produced by each generator and the amount of energy stored in each battery in every time period in order to minimize power generation and storage costs when each generator faces stochastic Markovian supply disruptions. This problem cannot be optimized easily using stochastic programming and/or dynamic programming approaches. Therefore, in this study, we present several heuristic methods to find an approximate optimal solution for this system. Each heuristic involves decomposing the network into several single‐generator, single‐battery, multiload systems and solving them optimally using dynamic programming, then obtaining a solution for the original problem by recombining. We discuss the computational performance of the proposed heuristics as well as insights gained from the models. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 493–511, 2015     

飞机系统安全性指标的Petri Net分配方法

为解决动态故障树抽象而不利于交流的问题,利用Petri Net直观、易用且适用范围广的优点,提出基于Petri Net的飞机系统安全性指标分配方法。通过整理安全性指标及其相关的可靠性指标,选取失效率作为安全性指标,对比动态故障树及Petri Net建模方法,选取后者建立静态逻辑变迁和动态逻辑变迁的Petri Net指标分配模型。在此基础上,提出考虑严酷等级的系统安全性指标分配方法,经过算例分析,构建Petri Net层次系统故障模型进行指标分配。结果表明,分配值均在相应安全性指标内,该方法能够克服动态故障树法不直观、等分配法分配过于粗糙等缺陷,为飞机安全性设计与评估提供参考。     

摆线齿准双曲面齿轮齿面主动设计

为预控双面法加工的摆线齿准双曲面齿轮的啮合性能,用大轮理论齿面展成与之共轭的小轮共轭齿面,将小轮共轭齿面沿啮合线方向和接触迹线方向分别进行修形,得到满足预置传动误差曲线以及接触印痕的目标齿面,计算出目标齿面与小轮理论齿面的法向偏差。建立以小轮加工参数调整量为变量,小轮两侧齿面与目标齿面法向偏差平方和最小为目标的优化模型,并采用序列二次规划算法求解该模型。以某高速车桥齿轮副为例进行验证,结果表明:加工参数调整后小轮两侧齿面与各自目标齿面的最大法向偏差分别为-4.7μm和-4.67μm,两侧啮合转换点传动误差与预置值分别相差6.67%和4%,两侧接触迹线最大偏差分别为0.275mm和0.177mm,基本符合预置条件。     

基于时变量测方差的多传感器多目标优化分配算法

在目标跟踪过程中,目标的动态模型通常在笛卡尔坐标系中,而量测是在极/球坐标系中得到的。在基于卡尔曼滤波及其一些改进算法中,设定量测方差固定不变,可能导致滤波发散。为此提出了一种基于时变量测方差的多传感器资源管理算法。该算法通过统计方法求出转换测量值误差的均值和方差,利用转化卡尔曼滤波算法估计误差协方差,基于协方差的效能函数进行多传感器多目标分配。仿真结果显示该算法在目标跟踪过程中满足跟踪精度要求,并实现传感器资源的充分的利用。     

对Ad Hoc网络通信干扰的可行性分析

依据复杂网络理论,建立了有限规模BA无标度网络模型来分析Ad Hoc网络,为进一步分析对其实施通信干扰的可行性打下结构基础。依据所建模型的拓扑结构,建立了通信干扰方程,探讨了通信干扰可能对Ad Hoc网络带来的影响。最后提出节点势能的概念,分析了通信干扰条件下Ad Hoc网络的效能,证实了实施通信干扰的实践可行性。     

基于时空序贯融合的TBM拦截效果评估

基于时空信息进行了TBM拦截效果评估的研究。首先分析了拦截效果评估信息的特征,建立了TBM拦截效果评估流程;在此基础上提出了基于"空间特征级-时间决策级"思想的序贯融合评估模型;融合评估算法中,空间域选取模糊神经网络进行特征级融合,时间域选取D-S证据理论完成决策级融合,空间特征级融合模糊神经网络的各层映射函数分别由模糊隶属函数和采用贝叶斯网络的方法来获取;最后通过实验仿真了评估流程,验证了融合评估模型及融合算法的有效性。     

基于MPEG标准的多媒体网络传输效果分析与仿真

使用my Evalvid-NT仿真软件,选取封包延迟、画面延迟、封包抖动率和画面抖动率4个指标对多媒体网络的视频传输效果进行仿真。经过仿真计算后得到的可解画面比例与理论值非常接近。