集群通信在消防通信调度指挥系统中的应用

无线通信网是消防部队在执行灭火抢险救援任务时,确保完成信息传达、灭火抢险救援指挥、协同作战等任务的关键。为了更好的开发集群通信的功能,介绍了集群通信的概念、组网方式,并探讨了通信区域扩展的方法。     

四种智能算法的比较研究

随着智能算法的研究深入,一些新的智能优化算法不断被提出,包括从遗传算法、蚁群算法、粒子群算法、人工鱼群算法等。这些算法都是从自然界的自然生物的特性启发而研究出来的,由于这些算法在求解时不依赖于梯度信息,因而特别适用于传统方法解决不了的大规模复杂问题。通过这些算法的介绍和分析,并通过测试函数测试了四种算法的收敛性、收敛速度和精度,评价了这些智能算法在求解函数优化问题的能力。最后对优化算法今后的发展方向进行了评述与展望。     

东乡野生稻NBS-LRR类抗性基因同源序列的分离与鉴定

基于植物的抗性基因具有保守序列,根据已克隆基因的保守序列设计探针,利用菌落杂交的方法,对东乡野生稻大片段基因组文库进行筛选,得到两个候选克隆.序列比对发现其中含有NB-ARC的保守序列,可用于后续转基因鉴定.     

一种无缓冲的光互连网络的吞吐率性能分析及优化

针对当前高性能计算机光互连网络中存在的光缓冲不易实现的问题,提出了一种无缓冲的光互连网络结构BOIN,并在对网络结构进行建模和分析的基础上,研究了网络的吞吐率随不同的输入负载和网络规模而变化的规律,给出了在一定的互连总规模和输入负载下,网络实际吞吐率达到最大值时网络拓扑结构所必须满足的条件.最后用模拟实验证明了这一结果的正确性.     

基于运载能力评估的固体运载火箭推力向量控制方案比较

从对运载能力影响角度开展固体运载火箭发动机推力向量控制系统比较分析研究。设计了三种采用不同发动机推力向量控制系统的多级固体运载火箭方案,将增广乘子法与共轭方向法相结合,对固体运载火箭上升段弹道进行了优化设计,给出运载能力评估结果。研究表明,起飞质量均为50 000kg,目标轨道均为300km太阳同步轨道时,采用栅格舵和侧喷流作为推力向量控制系统方案,比采用燃气舵和侧喷流作为推力向量控制系统方案,运载能力提高70kg,比各级固体发动机全部采用摆动喷管控制方案,运载能力提高115kg,为固体运载火箭总体方案论证提供理论依据。     

Equitable bandwidth allocation in content distribution networks

Applications for content distribution over networks, such as Video‐on‐Demand (VOD), are expected to grow significantly over time. Effective bandwidth allocation schemes that can be repeatedly executed must be deployed since new programs are often installed at various servers while other are deleted. We present a model for bandwidth allocation in a content distribution network that consists of multiple trees, where the root of each tree has a server that broadcasts multiple programs throughout the tree. Each network link has limited capacity and may be used by one or more of these trees. The model is formulated as an equitable resource allocation problem with a lexicographic maximin objective function that attempts to provide equitable service performance for all requested programs at the various nodes. The constraints include link capacity constraints and tree‐like ordering constraints imposed on each of the programs. We present an algorithm that provides an equitable solution in polynomial time for certain performance functions. At each iteration, the algorithm solves single‐link maximin optimization problems while relaxing the ordering constraints. The algorithm selects a bottleneck link, fixes various variables at their lexicographic optimal solution while enforcing the ordering constraints, and proceeds with the next iteration. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

Modeling and analysis of multiobjective lot splitting for N‐product M‐machine flowshop lines

Lot splitting is a new approach for improving productivity by dividing production lots into sublots. This approach enables accelerating production flow, reducing lead‐time and increasing the utilization of organization resources. Most of the lot splitting models in the literature have addressed a single objective problem, usually the makespan or flowtime objectives. Simultaneous minimization of these two objectives has rarely been addressed in the literature despite of its high relevancy to most industrial environments. This work aims at solving a multiobjective lot splitting problem for multiple products in a flowshop environment. Tight mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) formulations for minimizing the makespan and flowtime are presented. Then, the MinMax solution, which takes both objectives into consideration, is defined and suggested as an alternative objective. By solving the MILP model, it was found that minimizing one objective results in an average loss of about 15% in the other objective. The MinMax solution, on the other hand, results in an average loss of 4.6% from the furthest objective and 2.5% from the closest objective. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于小波配点法的空间机械臂关节轨迹规划

针对平面型空间机械臂关节轨迹优化问题,提出一种基于小波配点法的数值算法。该算法在区间样条小波函数及其导数算法的基础上,对状态变量与控制变量在小波配点上作离散化处理,然后将原最优控制问题转化为以小波系数为优化参数的非线性规划问题,利用非线性规划算法求解该问题得到原问题的解。算法可充分利用小波具有非线性逼近的优点,提高计算精度和效率。对典型问题进行数值仿真,结果表明该算法对空间机械臂关节轨迹优化问题是有效的。     

基于蚁群算法的图像边缘检测研究

将蚁群算法应用于图像分割领域,提出了一种新的基于蚁群算法的图像边缘检测方法。详细阐述了蚁群算法与该方法的基本原理和具体实现过程。为了提高算法效率,进行两处改进,第一将蚂蚁初始位置由随机放置修改为放置在图像边缘附近,可取一图像灰度梯度阈值来实现,第二将信息激素强度和启发式引导函数值均定义为像素点灰度梯度值的函数。大量实验结果证明了该算法能有效地检测出图像边缘,而且具有适应性强、效率高等特点。     

地心甚高轨道星座构形协同捕获控制策略

针对地心甚高轨道星座构形协同捕获控制问题,基于虚拟编队方法设计了协同捕获控制策略,采用三脉冲燃耗最优轨迹规划算法对构形捕获轨迹进行协同规划;并且结合自适应全程积分滑模控制器对卫星各自转移轨迹进行跟踪控制。以10万km轨道高度的三星星座构形捕获为例进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明:该策略可以有效应用于地心甚高轨道星座构形捕获控制,能够在燃耗较少的情况下使星座中卫星同时到达各自的标称位置,同时具有较高的精度。