Reforming the notion of national sovereignty by external intervention

In principle, national sovereignty is the right of a nation to govern its internal affairs without foreign interference. In practice, it is defined by one's interpretation of international law, which may permit legal external intervention under some circumstances, ultimately removing a nation's sovereignty. This paper will examine the current system of international law outlined by the United Nations, analyse the ambiguities contained within its Charter and elaborate on how external intervention can be justified. The case-study of recent developments related to Libya will demonstrate that the manner in which international law is interpreted is changing the notion of principles of sovereignty.     

Home-Grown Fighting: A Response to the Argument for a Byzantine Influence on MS I.33

Abstract

In an earlier issue, Dr. Timothy Dawson suggested that the fighting techniques found in Royal Armouries MS I.33 may have been influenced by earlier Byzantine sword and shield combat. For evidence, he cites a series of 9th-century ivory carvings depicting similar positions found in I.33. This article is a response to Dr. Dawson’s, in which it is argued that there is ample evidence for similar combat positions being found in Western Europe that both pre-date and are contemporary with I.33.     

Comparison between constant‐stress and step‐stress accelerated life tests under Time Constraint

By running life tests at higher stress levels than normal operating conditions, accelerated life testing (ALT) quickly yields information on the lifetime distribution of a test unit. The lifetime at the design stress is then estimated through extrapolation using a regression model. In constant‐stress testing, a unit is tested at a fixed stress level until failure or the termination time point of test, whereas step‐stress testing allows the experimenter to gradually increase the stress levels at some prefixed time points during the test. In this work, the optimal k‐level constant‐stress and step‐stress ALTs are compared for the exponential failure data under complete sampling and Type‐I censoring. The objective is to quantify the advantage of using the step‐stress testing relative to the constant‐stress one. Assuming a log‐linear life–stress relationship with the cumulative exposure model for the effect of changing stress in step‐stress testing, the optimal design points are determined under C/D/A‐optimality criteria. The efficiency of step‐stress testing to constant‐stress one is then discussed in terms of the ratio of optimal objective functions based on the information matrix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 00: 000–000, 2013     

全球信息栅格及其对美军导弹防御系统的作用

导弹防御系统是美军重点发展的战略武器系统。C4ISR作为导弹防御系统体系中重要的通信指挥自动化系统,由于其自身存在着信息网闭塞与狭窄的缺点,制约着导弹防御系统的功能发挥。美军目前正在全力建设全球信息栅格,通过整合各种信息资源,构成一个可以共享"陆、海、空、天"多维信息的互连互通互操作网络,提升导弹防御系统的一体化信息交互,建成一个多层次、全方位、覆盖全球的导弹拦截系统。     

C4ISR中基于XML的标准化作战文书与数据库的映射

基于XML的标准化作战文书有利于C4ISR应用或仿真系统中作战文书的网络动态数据传输;而要实现C4ISR中作战文书自动化处理的其他功能,还需把XML文档和成熟的关系数据库的互补功能结合起来.通过对作战文书标准化系统整体流程的分析,提出了用标准化作战文书的DTD文档作为连接关系数据库和XML文档的中间件,并给出了XML文档结构和关系数据库结构相互之间的转换机制.     

基于信息论的C3I系统决策性能的评价

信息熵是描述信息系统的一种比较成功的方法.采用信息论的方法对决策系统进行描述,在考虑了决策者的有界合理性限制和达到满意性能指标的要求下,分析了单人指挥决策系统的系统性能,并在此基础上分析了多人指挥决策系统的系统性能,最后得出采用决策系统的误差概率P和相互一致性度量Q作为评价C3I系统决策性能标准的结论.     

C3I系统评价可信性分析方法

C3I系统评价结果的可信性分析是C3I系统理论研究中的一个重要问题.首先论述了C3I系统评价结果可信性分析的主要内容,然后提出了一种定性分析的主观确认法和定量分析的统计检验法相结合的可信性分析方法,并给出了系统评价结果的可信度的计算方法.     

基于能力的指挥信息系统体系需求分析过程?

借鉴了联合能力集成与分析系统的活动流程,根据指挥信息系统体系需求的特点,建立了基于能力的指挥信息系统体系需求分析的过程模型,围绕能力需求的获取、定义、分析与实现划分为4个子过程：背景分析、能力领域分析、能力需求分析、能力需求方案分析,并给出了4个阶段的基本活动和逻辑关系,为指挥信息系统体系需求的分析提供了规范的过程和活动指导。     

基于扩展Petri网的防空C~4ISRK系统建模分析

针对地空导弹武器系统防空中的火力分配问题,建立了战术级防空C4ISRK系统的Petri网模型。对其进行扩展,即联合谓词Petri网和赋色Petri网,建立旅级火力分配的改进模型,给出了具体的前置谓词公式。为有效分析战术决策的正确性提供了依据和思路。     

基于Statemate的C~4ISR系统体系结构仿真

首先简要介绍了C4ISR系统体系结构,然后在基于Statemate的系统体系结构分析的基础上,结合防空系统实例给出了它的详细开发过程,为C4ISR系统体系结构的应用提供了初始原型。该项研究对C4ISR领域的系统仿真具有重要意义,值得进一步探讨。