Use it or lose it: On the incentives to spend annual defence operating budgets

In most western countries, there is a strong incentive for defence department budget-holders to expend all of the funds they are authorized to spend in a fiscal year. In this paper, we question whether this emphasis makes sense. We develop a model of a defence department’s operating expenditure assuming a fixed level of funding for a year and uncertain costs. The results of the model suggest that the incentive for departmental managers to expend all authorized funds is inefficient. We explore the implications of the model for the Department of National Defence (DND) in Canada in light of the recent criticism of DND lapsed funding by the Auditor-General of Canada.     

Upstream engagement and downstream entanglements: The assumptions,opportunities, and threats of partnering

This article addresses Western recruitment and management of personnel from non-Western countries in armed forces as part of a strategy of state stabilisation, examining its risks and benefits. ‘SFA’ (Security Forces Assistance) to indigenous forces has long been practised by the West and seems to have returned in recent years in a new form with the creation of armies in Iraq and Afghanistan. However, while providing cheap, proxy substitutes for the West and offering opportunities for state-building, the policy creates its own problems and can have significant, negative consequences.     

战术导弹制导控制系统一体化设计仿真平台

对战术导弹的制导控制系统的设计阶段和特点进行了分析研究,对设计流程及所用到的方法进行了研究,在研究的基础上提出了制导控制系统一体化设计仿真分析平台的思路,该平台可用于常规导弹制导控制系统的一体化设计,包括导弹的控制系统设计分析、制导律设计、制导控制系统的数学建模与仿真、半实物仿真分析以及系统性能评估等,具有可扩展性,为战术导弹制导控制系统研究提供模块化手段,加速战术导弹的研制进度。     

脑机技术发展及其对军事领域的影响

进入新世纪以来,脑机技术作为“会聚技术”领域的核心技术之一,已经引起了欧美发达国家的高度重视．国内外众多著名的大学和科研机构在该领域已经开展了广泛深入的研究,并取得了一系列实质性的进展和丰硕的成果。文章详细介绍脑机技术的发展现状及其军事应用前景,为未来新概念武器的发展提供参考。     

舰艇编队协同反导队形配置优化研究

随着舰艇编队网络中心作战模式的产生与发展,其队形配置问题必须重新给予考虑。首先介绍了网络化反导作战系统的远程数据作战能力;其后,从指挥通信、火力掩护和一次耦合杀伤区3个方面给出舰舰间距的约束条件,以远程数据作战条件下编队舰空导弹杀伤区增量最大为优化目标,建立编队舰舰间距优化模型,并在此基础上结合电子干扰的要求,给出了编队队列角的最优范围解算方法;最后,在一定的战场假设下,通过示例的方式对模型的有效性与适应性进行了验证。     

外军反舰导弹装备使用现状及发展趋势研究

反舰导弹作为海上舰船＂杀手＂,其发展一直倍受各国海军关注。文章对反舰导弹的发展历程进行了回顾,对目前外军已经装备和正在研发的典型反舰导弹进行了分析和研究。以此为基础,对未来反舰导弹的发展趋势进行了探讨和展望,提出未来新型反舰导弹将趋于超远程化、超高速化、超隐身化、网络化和智能化。     

战术导弹对机场跑道多波次打击时的瞄准点选择方法

为了解决使用战术导弹对机场跑道实施多波次打击时的瞄准点选择问题,在考虑具有先前毁伤效果的累积效应基础上,按照优先打击最小起降窗口、使最小维修窗口中维修工作量最大的思路,设计了一种瞄准点选择方法,可为相应的导弹作战运用提供参考。所附算例说明了文中方法的可行性。     

干扰条件下防空兵通信装备系统效能分析

为研究干扰条件下防空兵通信装备系统效能,在ADC模型的基础上构建了ADCF系统效能模型,并结合实例对模型进行了仿真分析.仿真结果显示,该模型能较好反映敌方干扰对通信装备系统效能的影响.提出了干扰条件下提高防空兵通信装备系统效能的措施.     

UN-Consistent: A Comparison of Australia's Military Interventions in Somalia and Rwanda

This article seeks to compare Australia's involvement in two key 1990s peace missions: those to Somalia in 1992–93 and Rwanda in 1994–95. While there are many similarities between the two missions in terms of time, scale and theatre, the differences are more important. Both missions are usually recalled as failures despite the Australian troops having been extremely successful in their roles during both deployments. Moreover the experiences with intervention in Africa seem to have forever blighted Australian participation in peace missions on that continent.     

The view from above: how the Royal Air Force provided a strategic vision for operational intelligence during the Malayan Emergency

It has long been held that the Federation of Malaya’s counter-insurgency campaign during the First Malayan Emergency (1948–60) was determined by the use of intelligence. Special Branch — the Federation’s primary intelligence agency — dominates the prevailing paradigm of how the insurgent threat was tackled. Conversely, the role of the Royal Air Force (RAF) within this paradigm is very limited. Most observers simply dismiss the role of photoreconnaissance or airstrikes as being largely inconsequential to the counter-insurgency effort. This is perhaps understandable: the Emergency was after all a ‘policing action’ and the insurgents were largely hidden under Malaya’s jungle canopy and amongst the Chinese community. However, further scrutiny reveals that the RAF made a much more significant contribution to the intelligence element of the counter-insurgency campaign than previously realised. First, the RAF decided to locate their Advanced Headquarters with the Army’s General Headquarters. This led to the creation of the Land/Air Operations Room, through which intelligence, tasking and resources were coordinated. Moreover, the RAF put its intelligence teams into the field to provide a practical link between local units and theatre-level assets. Second, with the support of the Army, the RAF established at the beginning of the Emergency the Joint Air Photographic Intelligence Board (Far East). This coordinated all photographic intelligence requirements throughout the Emergency, which was then delivered via the Joint Air Photographic Centre (Far East). Hence, via Joint Operations Centre and JAPIB (FE), the RAF provided both the practical means for effective joint intelligence operations at theatre level throughout the Emergency.