清代边塞诗的时代特征及其个案论析

作为中国边塞诗史上继盛唐之后的第二个高峰期,清代边塞诗在反映地域、创作主体、表现内容等许多方面都有着明显的新变与深化,从而形成了其独有的时代特征,即反映地域的扩大化、创作取向的学者化和表现内容的民俗化。     

谈公安边防部队信息网络建设

公安边防信息网络建设的水平是公安边防部队科技强警工作的一个重要方面。目前 ,公安边防信息网络建设和管理中还存在重建设轻管理 ,信息安全管理控制不够严密及信息网站建设和管理不规范等问题 ,必须按照公安部的有关要求 ,认真落实全国边防信息化工作会议精神 ,全面加强信息网络的规范化建设和管理 ,提高和推进公安边防部队科技强警工作的质量和水平。     

Preventing conflict upstream: impunity and illicit governance across Colombia’s borders

This article explores how transnational borderlands matter for conflict prevention and, in particular, so-called upstream engagement, which aims to reduce threats to global stability and security that arise from the world’s increasing interconnectedness. Accounting for transnational borderlands in vulnerable regions is crucial for conflict prevention as pursued by the defence and security sector because borderlands are catalysts of the negative side of global interconnectedness: they are business hubs for transnational organised crime, sites of retreat for conflict actors, and safe havens for terrorists. The border areas’ proneness to impunity and the ability of violent non-state actors to govern these spaces illicitly contribute to the emergence of these characteristics. I therefore argue that upstream conflict prevention needs to do two things to address these risks: first, to overcome a national security approach centred on the borderline and instead acknowledge transnational security dynamics in borderlands on both sides of the border; second, to overcome the state-centred governance lens to also consider governance exerted by non-state actors. The article draws on empirical data from a six-year study including over a year of fieldwork in and on Colombia’s borderlands.     

Drone usage by militant groups: exploring variation in adoption

Judging by recent media reporting and pronouncements by senior US military and security officials, the use of drones by militant groups is both reshaping conflict between armed non-state actors and state parties and now presents a grave and direct threat to nations in the West and elsewhere. But does this threat warrant the attention it is currently receiving? To answer this question, this article surveys how various militant groups have used drones both tactically on the battlefield and for wider strategic purposes. Closely examining how drones have been employed and by whom provides a basis for understanding variation in adoption. The article shows how drone usage or non-usage is highly contingent on the setting of the conflict, the aims of different groups, and the capacity of groups to adopt the technology. Though advances in drone technology could make the use-case more appealing for militant groups, drones will be subject to the same back-and-forth, techno-tactical adaptation dynamic between adversaries that have accompanied prior military innovations.     

Effective? Locally owned? Beyond the technocratic perspective on the European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories

ABSTRACT

The European Union Police Mission for the Palestinian Territories (EUPOL COPPS) was established in 2006 to contribute to the establishment of effective policing in support of an independent and democratic Palestinian state. EUPOL COPPS is often commended for its contribution to the professionalization of the Palestinian security sector under local ownership. Drawing on 40 interviews, we argue that the mission can be considered effective and locally owned only from a narrow technocratic perspective, which denies the political reality of continued occupation and absence of democracy. A broader analysis, which includes the voices of ordinary Palestinians, reveals that EUPOL COPPS contributed to the professionalization of authoritarian policing under continued Israeli occupation. Our findings show the limits of technocratic approaches to peacebuilding interventions and call for a stronger engagement with the ultimate beneficiaries of peacebuilding missions.     

公安边防部队处置无直接利益冲突群体性事件对策研究

无直接利益冲突群体性事件有5个特点,即间接性、特定性、辐射性、关联性、暴力性.引发无直接利益冲突群体性事件的原因主要有4个方面：一是我国正处于社会转型期,贫富差距突出,矛盾多发;二是基层公共权力机关公信力下降和利益诉求渠道阻塞;三是法律意识淡薄和社会认同感降低;四是心理匿名感和信息的快速传播.研究应对无直接利益冲突群体性事件对策具有重要的现实意义.     

冲突与融合：民族教育的文化解析

各民族文化与教育在发展过程中都面临着冲突与融合的问题。本文从多元文化视角下民族教育的内涵入手,通过对文化冲突的深入剖析,总结了民族教育中文化冲突的表现形式,得出了要通过多元文化整台教育的理念以及改革学校教育来融合民族教育中的文化冲突。     

Reconsidering the Legal Equality of Combatants

ABSTRACT

The legal equality of combatants (LEC) is a fixture of international law and just war theory. Both scholars who embrace and those who reject the moral equality of combatants seem committed to the legal equality of combatants. Their reasons usually include pragmatic worries about unjust combatants committing even more harm if they were to be simply prohibited from fighting. In this article I argue that this sweeping commitment to the legal equality of combatants is mistaken and that it is often grounded in a misunderstanding of the way international law governs behavior.     

面向C程序的测试用例自动生成实现

软件测试工具很难达到通用的目标,大多数该类工具都是具体针对某一种或几种程序语言的.对于目前我军常用的程序编写语言开发相应的软件自动测试工具是十分必要的.介绍了一个面向C程序的测试用例自动生成系统,重点阐述了其系统结构的构成以及所采用的一个新的搜索寻优算法.该算法有效地改善了前有算法的一些缺陷,显示出不错的效果.     

军事冲突中战术欺骗的一个优化模型

军事冲突中实施战术欺骗已成为信息战的一个重要手段.基于军事冲突中战术欺骗所要达到的目标以及欺骗手段的资源约束和效果影响,建立了一个使军事欺骗总体效能达到最大的战术欺骗优化模型.给出的一个应用例子说明了该模型和方法的可行性.