Some implications of pricing bundles

In this article, we consider a problem in which two suppliers can sell their respective products both individually and together as a bundle, and study the impact of bundle pricing. Four pricing models (centralized, decentralized, coop–comp, and comp–coop) are analyzed with regard to the competition formats and sequences. As one would expect, the firms are always better off when pricing decisions are centralized. However, rather surprisingly, we find that firms may be worse off if the bundle prices are set in a cooperative way; we provide analytical characterization of those instances. Numerical studies show that these insights also hold for some nonlinear demand. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

IED casualties mask the real problem: it's us

Casualty figures suggest that the US/Allied Counter Improvised Explosive Device (C-IED) policy and the present allocation of national assets, resources, and intellectual capital have not been very successful. A number of explanations for why this has been the case are discussed and critiqued here.     

爆轰波斜冲击作用下破片飞散特性研究

为研究非对称结构战斗部的破片飞散特性,利用斜激波理论对爆轰波作用于壳体表面的过程进行研究,并利用自由面速度倍增定律对波在自由面反射后质点速度的计算进行简化,得到了破片飞散角的计算模型。利用D型战斗部试验数据对计算模型进行验证,结果表明,斜激波理论计算得到的破片飞散与试验结果吻合很好;当入射角较小时,壳体飞散角与入射角成线性关系。     

基于贝叶斯决策的图像检索相关反馈方法研究

为了有效解决基于内容图像检索中“语义鸿沟”问题,利用贝叶斯决策理论估计图像检索中相关图像集与不相关图像集合的分类面,通过移动查询点的策略,指导新一轮的查询,将查询点移向好的范例点而远离坏的范例点。试验证明该方法是一种有效的基于统计分析的反馈方法。     

汉语语境下教师对学生冲突性话语的回应策略与面子的语用分析

师生间的言语冲突在课堂教学中时有发生,而这一现象并未引起足够重视。课堂教学中师生间冲突性话语为本文的研究对象,分析其语言表现,并依据Brown&Levinson的面子威胁论,探析教师对于学生不合作话语引发的冲突回应,旨在揭示师生间冲突性话语的面子威胁性特征及语用理据。     

系统论在医院护士在职教育中的应用

在系统论的指导下,分析医院护士在职教育这个子系统的构建、运行方法、效果评价和存在的问题。     

ACHIEVING THE VISION OF THE NPT

This article assesses the prospects for a strategy of incrementalism to lead to achievement of the core bargain of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: non-nuclear weapon states' nuclear nonproliferation in exchange for nuclear weapon states' nuclear disarmament to the point of “global zero.” Game theory, prospect theory, and liberal international theory are used to evaluate the potential of a strategy of incrementalism. While separately each has insights to offer, it is when all three theoretical approaches are used in tandem that meaningful explanatory gains emerge. The article concludes that incrementalism probably cannot lead to complete nonproliferation and global nuclear zero. Instead, signal events (as described by prospect theory) are needed to “punctuate” incremental processes in negotiations (best explained by liberal international theory) in order to move past hindrances such as international structural constraints (exemplified by game theory) and the conservative risk-taking propensities of state elites (described by prospect theory).     

Nuclear Disarmament and Stability in the Logic of Habit

ABSTRACT

In 2008, the announcement of the Global Zero campaign—an international effort to eliminate nuclear weapons—coincided with the election of Barack Obama. The new president, avowedly pro-disarmament, made getting to zero nuclear weapons a centerpiece of his foreign policy. This article takes on the question of what impact global disarmament might have on international strategic stability. In a break with much of the literature and analysis on nuclear policy, it explicitly focuses on how publics understand the significance of nuclear weapons. In so doing, the article draws on recent international relations scholarship on the role of habit to argue that eliminating nuclear weapons can generate instability by creating widespread perceptions of insecurity and anxiety. If disarmament campaigners wish to achieve their goal without generating instability, they will need to work over the long-term to break habituated beliefs about nuclear weapons.     

模糊BCC模型及其在武器装备方案选择中的应用

在模糊环境下,为了选择最适合我军作战需求的武器装备方案,首先基于可信性理论和模糊期望值模型,建立了一类新的模糊期望值BCC（简记为EBCC）模型;然后利用期望值的线性性质,把所建立的EBCC模型转化为其等价形式;最后,利用EBCC方法构建了武器装备方案选择问题的综合评价模型,以雷达装备方案选择为例,从相对有效性评价和EBCC期望有效决策单元的排序两个方面,验证了方法的：正确性和可行性,为武器装备方案选择提供科学依据．