综合消磁过程中工作线圈安匝数的估算方法

提出应以满足船壳退磁要求来确定交变磁场的最大振幅,研究了船壳内的磁场与外加磁场的关系,给出了工作线圈总安匝数的计算公式,讨论了如何分配“安”与“匝”等问题．     

一种改进方位向非线性CS大斜视角SAR成像算法

大斜视角SAR成像时存在严重的距离走动现象,慢时域的距离走动校正在解决这一问题同时导致了聚焦深度问题.分析了二维频域解耦合后残余相位误差以及时域走动校正后的多普勒调频率误差,提出一种改进的方位向非线性CS算法,校正了三次以上距离迁徙带来的相位误差,同时采用改进非线性CS扰动方程补偿了随方位偏移量线性变化的调频率误差.仿真结果表明,改进算法的大斜视角大场景成像性能优于传统的高分辨大斜视角成像算法.     

Casualty Rates of US Military Personnel During the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan

Abstract

In Operation Iraqi Freedom, which ended in August 2010, nearly 3500 hostile deaths occurred among US military personnel and 32,000 more were wounded in action (WIA). More than 1800 hostile deaths occurred during Operation Enduring Freedom (in and around Afghanistan) through 2014 and about 20,000 were WIA. A larger proportion of wounded personnel survived in Iraq and Afghanistan than during the Vietnam War, but the increased survival rates were not as high as some studies have asserted. The survival rates were 90.2% in Iraq and 91.6% in Afghanistan, compared with 86.5% in Vietnam. The casualty rates varied between the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan and before, during, and after the respective surges. Amputation rates are difficult to measure consistently, but I estimate that 2.6% of all WIA and 9.0% of medically evacuated WIA from the Iraq and Afghanistan theaters combined resulted in the major loss of a limb. Elevated non-hostile death rates (including deaths due to accidents, illnesses, homicides, or suicides) resulted in about 220 more deaths in Iraq and about 200 more deaths in Afghanistan than would have been expected in peacetime among populations of the size deployed to those two conflicts.     

A Good Ally - Norway and International Statebuilding in Afghanistan, 2001-2014

The article examines the findings of the Commission of Inquiry established by the Norwegian government in 2014 to evaluate all aspects of Norway’s civilian and military contribution to the international operation in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014. Concerned with the wider implications of the Commission’s findings, it focuses on two issues in particular: (1) Norway’s relations with the US, a close and long-standing strategic ally whose resources, capabilities and dominance of decision-making dwarfed that of all other coalition partners in Afghanistan; and (2) Norway’s record in the province of Faryab, where, from 2005 to 2012, a Norwegian-led Provincial Reconstruction Team was charged with bringing security, good governance and development to the province. How Norway prioritised and managed relations with the US highlights and helps to problematise the challenges – political, practical and moral – facing small and medium-sized powers operating in a coalition alongside the US. Norwegian efforts in Faryab are revealing of the dilemmas and contradictions that plagued and, ultimately, fatally undermined the international intervention as a whole. As such, Norway’s experience provides a microcosm through which the inherent limitations of the attempt to transfer the structures of modern statehood and Western democracy to Afghanistan can be better understood.     

A Question of ‘Government’ Control: Afghanistan DDR Programs Since 2001

Since the fall of the Taliban in late 2001, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), the United States, the United Nations, and the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) have funded and led three different Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs. Despite a significant investment in time and treasure, all of them have failed to significantly reduce the number of insurgents or arbaki (militia). This article explores why these programs failed despite incorporating ideas from the prominent DDR schools of thought. Utilizing Stathis Kalyvas’ theory of The Logic of Violence in Civil War as a lens, this article argues that GIRoA and ISAF did not have sufficient control of territory to entice insurgents or arbaki to reconcile and/or reintegrate with the government. Further, in areas GIRoA nominally controlled in northern and western Afghanistan, regional powerbrokers who controlled these areas balked at these programs.     

便携式绳轨提升装置的轮盘-绳索摩擦提升力模型

为提高便携式绳轨提升装置的实用性,对基于摩擦的该类装置的提升能力展开研究。利用控制变量法分别研究末端拉力、包角与轮盘-绳索相对尺寸对两者之间摩擦提升力的影响,结果表明该提升力均随三种因素的增加而增加但趋势变缓;轮盘-绳索之间的静摩擦系数随绳索末端拉力与包角的增加而减小并趋于稳定,随轮盘-绳索相对尺寸的增加而增加并收敛。论证了包角与末端拉力对摩擦提升力的影响相互等效,发现了轮盘-绳索摩擦的尺寸效应,构建了以上因素共同作用下的轮盘-绳索摩擦提升力模型。该模型是对欧拉公式的扬弃,深化了对轮盘-绳索摩擦规律的认识,对便携式绳轨提升装置的小型化、轻量化设计具有重要意义。     

生命哲学视角下西部高校教师职业幸福感研究

幸福是人生追求的永恒主题,在以人为本的理念下,高等教育更为关注人的生命,人的生命存在方式。面对信息相对闭塞、生活环境相对恶劣、管理体制相对落后等无奈状况,西部高校教师职业幸福感如何？对于该问题的研究有利于促进教师心理健康发展,提升教师幸福感,提高教育教学质量。研究发现西部高校教师职业感受以不幸福为主;幸福感来源单一,主要来自于学生的行为表现;导致不幸福感的因素主要以压力大、学生问题、缺乏认可等因素为主。研究从生命哲学视角出发认为高校教师存在的应然意义在于“诗意栖息”,但实然状况下高校教师的“诗意存在”被现实消解,“创造性地栖息”、“精神相遇地栖息”是冲破藩篱、回归“诗意居住”幸福生活的路径。     

新疆兵团中小学双语教育质量调查及对策研究--以兵团第三师为例

双语教育质量是兵团民族教育的关键,直接影响高素质少数民族人才的培养。本文在深入调查的基础上,研究兵团中小学双语教育质量及其现状,通过对影响双语教育质量的各个因素进行分析,总结双语教育中存在的问题,并在此基础上提出加强校本培训和师资队伍建设,完善双语教材及考核评价体系等对策。     

大学英语分级教学模式下的学习策略培养

大学英语分级教学模式下对学生的学习策略培养非常重要。教师在整个教学过程当中,要研究和掌握学生的语言学习习得过程,研究其学习特点,认知风格,心理特征,加强对学生学习策略的培养和指导,帮助学生积极参与、探索、建构和使用学习策略,为学生掌握学习策略提供条件与平台,使学生自觉运用学习策略自我管理、自我调控、自我评估学习过程和学习效果,不断提高自主学习的能力。     

浅析储油罐安全容量的确定计算

由于油料具有热膨胀性,在运输和储存期间,如果油罐装油超过安全容量,当温度升高时,罐内油料体积膨胀,就可能导致溢油事故的发生,不仅造成油料数量的损失,甚至会引发火灾事故。正确确定不同油罐的安全容量,对油料的安全具有重要意义。文章阐述了油罐安全容量的概念,分析了安全容量计算不准确可能造成的危害,提出了油罐安全容量的计算方法。