一种大规模数字I/O通道的扩展方法

针对控制系统中普通数字I/O卡的通道数无法满足大规模数字I/O要求的问题,提出一种数字I/O通道扩展方案,并设计了一种32路光电隔离多通道数字I/O板,通过一个简单实例说明了这种扩展方案的具体实施,并证实其有效性.     

双正激ZVT-PWM开关电源充电机

介绍了一种双正激电路的软开关拓扑,分析了其软开关的工作原理,推导了实现软开关的关键技术参数的计算公式并采用该技术开发了１．８ｋＷ的充电电源。     

纤维织物复合材料组分材料体分比的显微CT实验测定法

针对纤维织物复合材料的组分材料体分比测定问题,提出一种基于显微CT图像的测定方法。该方法可以通过不同尺度的显微CT图像分别测定全局纤维体分比、局部纤维体分比和纤维束体分比参数,还可以为难以用常规物理实验测定体分比的复合材料组分材料体积分数测定提供解决方案。以E-Glass/Epoxy纤维织物复合材料为研究对象,对比ASTM D3171 Procedure G、扫描电镜实验和显微CT实验三种测定法的测量值,结果证明了显微CT实验测定法的可行性和合理性。针对扫描电镜图像和显微CT图像,分别给出了相应的图像处理方法,为获得正确的组分材料分割结果提供了技术保证。显微CT实验测定方法可以广泛应用于复合材料组分材料体分比的测定。     

膨润土-砂混合型缓冲／回填材料液塑限试验

为研究掺砂率对高庙子膨润土一砂混合型缓冲／回填材料液塑限的影响,利用液塑限联合测定仪进行了试验研究,并运用最小二乘法对混合物液塑限试验数据进行了分析。试验结果表明膨润土一砂混合物的可塑性、液塑限值和塑性指数均随掺砂率的增大而降低。对试验结果进行分析,得到了考虑掺砂率影响的混合物液塑限经验公式。混合物的液塑限并不是随掺砂率增大成比例降低,而是液限的实测值小于理论值,塑限的实测值大于理论值。得到的不同掺砂率的膨润土一砂混合型缓冲／回填材料液塑限试验数据可为高放废物深地质处置库建设提供科学依据。     

建筑太阳能光电热一体化系统的瞬态性能模拟

利用TRNSYS软件对重庆夏季建筑屋顶太阳能光电热一体化系统进行瞬态模拟分析计算,得到系统瞬时发电量与一段时间内累计发电量,光电热模块瞬时进出水温度与太阳能平板集热器瞬时进出水温度,系统一段时间内光电热模块累计有效得热量与一段时间内太阳能平板集热器累计有效得热量,系统的光电转换效率、光热转换效率以及太阳能综合利用效率。结果表明,建筑屋顶太阳能光电热一体化系统是重庆地区建筑太阳能光电热一体化系统适宜的型式。     

基于椭球模型的雷达/ESM联合定位算法

为了减少作战过程中雷达的开机时间,采用了ESM辅助的方法。在雷达关机条件下,利用多平台ESM对目标进行定位;当雷达开机时,采用雷达/ESM联合定位。本文首先分析了基于椭球模型的多平台ESM交叉定位算法,其次分析了雷达/ESM联合定位算法。通过仿真实验分析,这两种算法具有很高的定位精度;并分析了测量误差对定位精度的影响。该算法具有一定的应用价值     

Country Survey XIII: Japan's security posture and defense industry prospects

Defense budgets in Japan have been complicated compromises from numerous inputs ‐ including threat perceptions, domestic industrial/technological base development, support for the bilateral security treaty with the United States and internal bureaucratic politics ‐ but with the fall of the former Soviet Union, the clearest justification for higher spending disappeared. Double‐digit defense spending increases that were common in the 1980s have been replaced by annual increases lower than present inflation rates, resulting in negative real growth in the country's defense budget. Domestic economic problems and consistent government pressures for smaller budgets have further slowed annual growth in total spending and have contributed to lower procurement budgets. As a result, the domestic Japanese defense industry is facing far more constrained conditions from the growth years of a decade before.

Government policymakers are examining Japan's regional security environment as well as its alliance with the United States to determine the appropriate course for the country to take in the coming years. The formal security treaty with the United States is likely to remain a major element of government positions, but other aspects of the country's overall security posture are open to debate. Perceptions of a reduced threat environment are fueling additional pressures for defense budget cuts.

The domestic defense industry seeks means to assure its survival in domestic defense markets in this constrained environment. Expansion into overseas markets to offset declining domestic markets is an option that currently is constrained by policy restrictions on arms exports. Industry is advocating re‐examination of those policies and unlike earlier years, government appears willing to respond positively but cautiously to this lobbying.     

Private security contractors and international humanitarian law—a skirmish for recognition in international armed conflicts

In recent international armed conflicts private security contractors (PSCs) have played an ever increasing role and military advisors and tribunals are facing the dilemma of assessing the primary and secondary status of PSCs under international humanitarian law. In this article the misconception that PSCs are necessarily mercenaries will be dispelled. The possibility that PSCs might be categorised as combatants or civilians will then be explored. The conclusion is that where they are incorporated into the armed forces of a state, PSCs might attain combatant status. However, given that states are reluctant to formally incorporate PSCs into their armed forces, they will most likely remain essentially civilian. Their degree of participation in hostilities will determine whether they retain their immunity under international humanitarian law from attack and prosecution (as civilians) or whether they are rendered unlawful belligerents.     

Do migrant remittances react to bouts of terrorism?

This paper examines the short-run behaviour of migrant remittances in the face of terrorism. Using monthly data for post 9/11 terrorist attacks in Pakistan, the study finds evidence of increase in the volume of remittances sent from abroad. This increase is evident in the aggregate, as well as for the three main source regions of North America, the Persian Gulf and Europe. The positive association holds for all the top five migrant-hosting countries of Pakistan. The findings point in favour of an altruistic behaviour of migrant remittances at the macroeconomic level.     

Inside the Iraqi State Records: Saddam Hussein, ‘Irangate’, and the United States

This article uses captured Iraqi state records to examine Saddam Hussein's reaction to US arms to sales to Iran during the Iran–Iraq War (the Iran/Contra scandal). These records show that ‘Irangate’ marked a decisive departure in Saddam's relations with the United States. Irangate reinforced Saddam's preexisting suspicions of US policy, convincing him that Washington was a strategic enemy that could not be trusted. Saddam concealed his anger to preserve a working relationship with the Reagan administration, but this episode nevertheless cemented his negative views of the United States and forged a legacy of hostility and mistrust that would inform his strategic calculus for years to come.