非合作目标视觉/惯导相对导航及敏感器自标定方法

利用视觉/惯导对空间非合作目标进行相对导航时,两敏感器的外参数对导航精度有较大影响。考虑到敏感器间的外参数标定复杂且耗时,提出一种利用视觉/惯导在估计相对状态过程中对其外参数进行标定的方法。该方法将视觉/惯导的外参数作为状态变量,与相对轨道运动学方程、相对姿态方程及惯导模型共同组成系统状态方程。利用该状态方程和单目视觉的观测量设计扩展卡尔曼滤波器对相对位姿、惯导偏差及视觉/惯导外参数进行估计,并通过数学仿真对该方法的有效性进行验证。仿真结果表明,该方法能够在视觉/惯导初始外参有偏差的情况下,有效估计相对位姿及惯导漂移,并对视觉/惯导外参数进行标定。     

喷嘴结构对高压水射流影响及结构参数优化设计

喷嘴是产生高压水射流的关键部件,其结构形式对射流动力学性能有很大影响。以圆柱形喷嘴为对象,进行喷嘴结构对高压水射流的影响分析及结构参数优化设计。采用两相流计算流体力学模型进行喷嘴内外的射流流场分析。为节省计算资源,在优化设计时引入Kriging代理模型替代计算流体力学模型。分别采用改进的非劣分类遗传算法和基于分解的多目标进化算法进行单目标和多目标优化设计。研究结果表明:直线型喷嘴总体性能较优,凹型喷嘴的次之,凸型喷嘴性能最差。以直线型喷嘴为设计对象,以射流初始段长度和流量为目标,得到了单目标和多目标优化设计结果。单目标优化时,两个指标较基准外形分别提高14.71%和27.56%。多目标优化时,优化得到的半锥角处于[15.4°,89.8°]区间内。运用代理模型和进化算法的全局优化方法在进行喷嘴的优化设计时是有效的。     

微纳卫星姿态确定与控制半实物仿真系统设计

航天器姿态控制系统需要特殊的运行环境,在地面很难考核,这给系统可靠性带来一定的风险。针对微纳卫星的特点,设计并研制了一套面向微纳卫星的姿态确定与控制半实物仿真系统。该系统通过数字化模型模拟卫星姿态轨道运动、敏感器模型产生敏感器测量数据、执行器模型生成控制力矩、敏感器模拟器实现通信协议,最终实现姿态控制系统的全系统仿真。这套系统可以接入卫星控制系统回路,实现对姿控系统软件、硬件的考核,同时验证算法的性能。基于该系统,对天拓三号卫星姿控系统进行地面半实物仿真,并对比在轨试验数据,结果表明系统设计合理,仿真结果可信。     

基于DDS舰载火控系统通信

针对舰载火控系统通信需求,提出基于DDS的舰载火控体系结构,实现了系统松耦合,同时满足了实时性要求。通过发布订阅服务的设计,基于默认QoS策略,分别使用内置数据类型和自定义数据类型实现舰载火控系统的发布订阅功能。通过可靠性QoS策略的配置分析其对系统实时性和可靠性的影响。测试结果表明,DDS在舰载火控系统中有广阔的应用前景。     

Indian and Chinese espionage

India and China both have powerful spy networks; completely different in their approaches to espionage; both effective against their perceived enemies. China focuses first on internal threats, on Taiwan and Hong Kong, and then the US and Japan. India’s defense policy focuses on Pakistan and internal terrorist threats, and then on China. In reality, however, when it comes to spying on each other, both China and India suffer from incompetence and apathy – which endangers both their own security and regional stability. This article looks at how they spy on each other, and asks why and how they need to improve. The narrative also touches upon some of the individuals who are waging the spy war, from India’s wily spymaster Ajit Doval down to junior Chinese agents such as Wang Qing and Pema Tsering. The two countries are not friends. They have the largest territorial dispute in the world on their hands, covering an area the size of North Korea, and they have large armies facing each other along 4000 kilometers of frontier. But they also lay claim to the world’s two oldest and richest civilizations, with a rich history of exchange, and now with a combined population of 2.6 billion people and more than a quarter of the world’s economic output. If they cooperated, they could solve many of the world’s problems; but if they lurch into conflict, the potential consequences are terrifying to contemplate. Unfortunately, despite their geographical closeness, they do not know much about each other. They have few cultural interchanges, little diplomacy, few trade missions. They do not watch each other’s films, read each other’s books or listen to each other’s music. Chinese tourists would rather fly to New Zealand for their holidays than cross the border to India, and Indian students would rather study in Europe than China. China and India are neighbors that barely talk to each other. Most significantly, they do not spy on each competently. For countries that do not interact socially, defensive understanding is important for security – but China prefers the glamor of facing up to its Pacific and other maritime rivals such as the US and Japan. India, for its part, does talk a great deal about the China threat, but its resources and expertise are wrapped up in controlling its security threat from Pakistan and the Islamic world. When China and India do try to spy on each other, it is often without the benefit of a long-term focus or understanding. India has some very skilled operatives within the Research and Analysis Wing, but few that specialize in China. China has an enormous pool of resources spread across several government departments, including the Ministry of Public Security, and also has extensive facilities and manpower in the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission (the JSD) and the new Strategic Support Force (the SSF). However, China’s intelligence services generally behave as if India is not worth spying on. Given that the two countries do not have the cultural or political machinery in place to understand each other, espionage and intelligence gathering is vital to ensure that miscalculations do not take place. This has been apparent over the last few years in stand-offs in the Himalaya, as well as top-level suspicions on each side about a variety of subjects including terrorism, covert operations in Sri Lanka and Burma, and the two countries’ nuclear weapons programs. Both countries do occasionally make efforts in espionage against each other, especially during sensitive periods such as the mountain stand-offs of 2014 and 2013 and during policy developments in nuclear warfare. In this article the author looks at actual spying incidents between the two countries, their methodologies, their staff, their technical capabilities, and how the act of spying, which is usually viewed as intrinsically adversarial, can be a force for good. The article relies on interviews with actual participants in intelligence from both countries as well as extensive use of contemporary online sources, and secondary analysis by both military and academic experts from China, India and NATO countries.     

Cf/SiC复合材料制备过程对碳纤维的损伤

对几种类型的碳纤维在Cf/SiC复合材料制备工艺中的先驱体中氧含量及高温热处理和PCS浸渍裂解处理过程中造成的损伤进行了考察,并探讨了损伤机制.结果表明,碳纤维石墨化程度和表面状态的差别会对其在复合材料制备过程中的损伤程度产生影响.石墨化程度高的M40JB碳纤维损伤程度较大;表面呈活性的JC1#碳纤维对外界条件的变化较为敏感;而石墨化程度不高而表面不活泼的JC2#碳纤维则损伤程度较小且较稳定.     

嵌入式微处理器的多层次可配置仿真工具

为了适应嵌入式定制微处理器的开发的需要 ,克服现有微处理器仿真工具的某些不足 ,文中介绍了微处理器的仿真验证工具———VCPU的设计和实现方法。同其它微处理器仿真工具相比 ,该工具具有多层次 ,可配置 ,功能全面的特点。利用该工具 ,设计者可在设计早期进行系统集成验证 ,缩短设计周期并减少设计错误。该工具已经在嵌入式微处理器开发过程中得到成功应用     

双正激ZVT-PWM开关电源充电机

介绍了一种双正激电路的软开关拓扑,分析了其软开关的工作原理,推导了实现软开关的关键技术参数的计算公式并采用该技术开发了１．８ｋＷ的充电电源。     

SAR在飞行器组合导航系统中的应用

SAR是雷达理论和技术发展到一定阶段的基础上诞生的一种具有高分辨率的成像雷达,它在众多领域得到了广泛的应用。在飞行器组合导航系统中,利用SAR图像进行图像匹配,可以极大地提高系统的导航精度。介绍了SAR、组合导航系统的发展及研究现状。重点介绍了SAR在飞行器组合导航系统中的应用,并给出了具有较高精度、容错性和自主性的INS/GNSS/SAR组合导航系统的原理、结构及仿真结果。     

捷联惯导+G/G接收机+星光组合导航应用研究

提出了适用于高空导弹的以捷联惯导为主,G/G接收机、星光导航为辅的组合导航方式,对组合方式进行了讨论,并给出了捷联惯导+G/G接收机+星光组合导航的原理图。