Influence of thickness and projectile shape on penetration resistance of the compliant composite

The present study deals with development of conceptual proof for jute rubber basedflexible composite block to completely arrest the projectile impacting the target at high velocity impact of 400 m/s through numerical simulation approach using finite element (FE) method. The proposed flexible composite blocks of repeating jute/rubber/jute (JRJ) units are modelled with varying thickness from 30 mm to 120 mm in increments of 30 mm and impacted by flat (F), ogival (O) and hemispherical (HS) shaped projectiles. All the considered projectiles are impacted with proposed flexible composite blocks of different thicknesses and the penetration behaviour of the projectile in each case is studied. The penetration depth of the projectile in case of partially penetrated cases are considered and the effect of thickness and projectile shape on percentage of penetration depth is statistically analyzed using Tagu-chi's design of experiments (DOE). Results reveal that the though proposedflexible composite block with thickness of 90 mm is just sufficient to arrest the complete penetration of the projectile, considering the safety issues, it is recommended to use theflexible composite with thickness of 120 mm. The nature of damage caused by the projectile in the flexible composite is also studied. Statistical studies show that thickness of the block plays a prominent role in determining the damage resistance of the flexible composite.     

不可预见作战下排弹抢修力量编配分析

在资源有限的情况下,综合考虑某一区域不同机场之间的相互关系,从整体的角度合理分配排弹抢修资源,可以大幅提升区域内军队机场阵地的战场排弹抢修能力。本文通过建立数学模型,从整体的角度出发,分析区域内各机场的排弹抢修资源分配问题：首先,针对不可预见作战带来的新挑战,提出了新的机场排弹抢修作业流程,引出排弹抢修力量分配所面临的几个现实问题;其次,为解决提出的问题,建立计算排弹抢修时间的数学模型;最后,利用建立的模型依次对上述问题进行分析,并给出排弹抢修资源编配与力量建设的建议。本研究认为,军事机场排弹抢修力量应根据机场特点,合理分配排弹抢修资源;要以机场排弹抢修力量为主导,以外部支援力量为辅助,提升机场自身排弹抢修能力;可通过建设排弹抢修物资仓库和设置排弹抢修支援小组,提升多机场联动的排弹抢修能力。     

Fabrication and analysis of TIG welding-brazing butt joints of in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2

Lightweight hybrid structures of Al MMCs and titanium alloy dissimilar materials have great prospect in the defence industry application. So, it is necessary to join Al MMCs with Ti metal to achieve this structural design. In this work, in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2 were firstly attempted to join by TIG welding-brazing technique. The result was that the intact welding-brazing butt joint was successfully fabricated. The joint presents dual characteristics, being a brazing on TA2 side and a welding on TiB2/7050 side. At brazing joint side, ER4043 filler metal effectively wets on TA2 under TIG heating condition, and a continuous interfacial reaction layer with 1—3μm is formed at welded metal/TA2 interface. The whole interfacial reaction layers are composed of Ti(AlSi)3 intermetallic compounds (IMCs), but their morphologies at the different regions present obvious distinguishes. The microhardness of the reaction layers is as much as 141—190 HV. At welding joints side, the fusion zone appears the equixaed crystal structure, and the grain sizes are much smaller than those of welded metal, which is attributed to the effect of TiB2 particulates from the melted TiB2/7050 on acceleration formation and inhibiting growth for the new crystal nucleus. The tensile test results show that average tensile strength of the optimal welding-brazing joint is able to achieve 138 MPa. The failure of the tensile joint occurs by quasi-cleavage pattern, and the cracks initiate from the IMCs layer at the groove surface of TA2 and propagate into the welded metal.     

Improving the damage potential of W-Zr reactive structure material under extreme loading condition

Projectiles made of reactive structure materials(RSM)can damage the target with not only kinetic but also chemical energy,but the enhanced damage potential of RSM may become compromised if extreme loading condition disintegrates the projectile before the target is reached.In this work,a ductile coating of Ni was introduced to a tungsten-zirconium(W-Zr)alloy,a typical brittle RSM,to preserve the damage potential of the projectile.Detonation driving tests were carried out with X-ray photography and gun-powder deflagration driving tests were carried out with high-speed photography for the coated and uncoated RSM samples,respectively.The craters on the witness target were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The Ni coating was found to effectively preserve the damage potential of the W-Zr alloy under extreme loading conditions,whereas the uncoated sample fractured and ignited before impacting the target in both detonation and deflagration driving.The crack propa-gation between the reactively brittle core and the ductile coating was analyzed based on the crack arrest theory to mechanistically demonstrate how the coating improves the structural integrity and preserves the damage potential of the projectile.Specifically,the Ni coating envelops the W-Zr core until the coated sphere penetrates the target,and the coating is then eroded and worn to release the reactive core for the projectile to damage the target more intensively.     

复合材料层合结构的非线性传热分析

基于一阶热层合理论,考虑材料非线性的影响,建立了复合材料层合结构非线性传热分析的热层合理论及其有限元方程.通过数值算例研究了材料非线性对反对称复合材料层合板瞬态温度场的影响.     

水橇在地效翼船上的应用前景及设计思想

参阅了大量国外有关水橇的理论和试验资料,明确了水橇在地效翼船上缓冲冲击的作用,系统地分析了水橇各种设计参数,定性地指出了水橇设计的最佳形状以及实用中应注意的问题.     

Regina Maris and the Command of the Sea: The Sixteenth Century Origins of Modern Maritime Strategy

The concept of the command of the sea has its roots in medieval notions of the sovereignty of coastal waters, as claimed by several monarchs and polities of Europe. In the sixteenth century, a surge of intellectual creativity, especially in Elizabethan England, fused this notion with the Thucydidean term ‘thalassocracy’ – the rule of the sea. In the light of the explorations of the oceans, this led to a new conceptualisation of naval warfare, developed in theory and then put into practice. This falsifies the mistaken but widespread assumption that there was no significant writing on naval strategy before the nineteenth century.     

金属泡沫复合材料夹芯结构的压痕响应实验

金属泡沫夹芯结构是近年来新出现的一种明显具有结构和功能一体化特点的新型轻质材料,它在临近空间飞行器、航海及汽车等领域有着广阔的应用前景。以以纤维增强复合材料面板、闭孔泡沫铝芯子为特征的复合材料夹芯结构为研究对象,对其在球形压头作用下的压痕响应、损伤模式、变形机制和失效机理进行理论分析和实验研究。研究发现,泡沫铝复合材料夹芯结构的压痕响应是夹芯结构的各个组成部分的响应、相互作用以及压头属性的综合作用结果。泡沫铝复合材料夹芯结构在球压头作用下的损伤模式为基体开裂、纤维断裂、层间分层、泡沫铝的屈服及剪切断裂五种失效模式。     

天基预警系统多体制传感器综合调度方法

为提高天基预警系统对多目标的跟踪能力,提出扫描传感器纬度区间扫描模式和凝视传感器目标群跟踪模式,并基于此种模式设计基于聚类的扫描传感器纬度区间扫描调度方法和凝视相机目标群跟踪调度方法。由于诸多传感器的工作模式、探测频率、测量误差、视场模型均不相同,推导不同探测频率、视线误差的多传感器联合观测跟踪的克拉美-罗下界计算公式。综合运用以上方法,建立多体制传感器综合调度优化方法。仿真试验表明,该方法比传统工作模式下的系统对多目标具有更高的跟踪精度。     

高等数学中典型错误剖析及对策

在教学中 ,教师若能预先估量学生的错误 ,有针对性的教学 ,就一定能取得满意的教学效果。本文对高等数学中学生所犯典型错误作归因化剖析并给出相应的对策