循环经济与可持续发展

循环经济和知识经济并称为21世纪发展新亮点,也是世纪之交人类社会可持续发展的两大趋势。人类社会在经历了漫长的发展历史之后,正处于一种大量的资源、能量的耗费,大量的废物进入生存环境的状态,自然环境一次又一次向人类敲响警钟。本文试从循环经济这一视角来对其与可持续发展的问题进行探讨。     

对装备生命周期的再认识

针对当前对于装备生命周期起始阶段、终止阶段、主要活动划分等方面存在的认识不统一问题,研究指出装备生命周期概念具有层次性,每层内涵对应的生命周期的起始阶段与终止阶段虽然都可以统一到论证和淘汰2项活动中,但其起始和终止的具体环节却各不相同,建立了装备生命周期的双螺旋式立体模型,提出将装备生命周期过程分为研制和服役2个阶段,以及论证、生产、采购、使用和淘汰5种主要活动的划分方法。     

Shielding the ‘Hot Gates’: Submarine Warfare and Japanese Naval Strategy in the Cold War and Beyond (1976–2006)

The build-up of Japan's military apparatus in the 1990s and 2000s has been often regarded by security analysts as indicative of a departure from the country's Cold War strategic posture. Japan appears to be engaged in a process of militarisation that is eroding the foundations of its ‘exclusively defence-oriented’ policy. In the case of the archipelago's naval strategy, such assessments overlook the longstanding significance of a core feature of its defence policy, namely the surveillance of maritime crossroads delivering the wealth of the country. The paper reassesses the evolution of the Japanese strategy since the Cold War by examining the development of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force's submarine force, one of the key components of the defensive shield for these crossroads. The paper argues that with the changes in the security environment of the 1990s, Japan already fielded a mature force with state-of-the-art submarines, and that the rise of a new naval competitor aiming at controlling key strategic points along Japan's sea lanes reconfirmed the critical importance of submarine operations to Japanese national security.     

NUCLEAR ISLANDS

Current International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards do not provide adequate protection against the diversion to military use of materials or technology from certain types of sensitive nuclear fuel cycle facilities. In view of highly enriched uranium's relatively greater ease of use as a nuclear explosive material than plutonium and the significant diseconomies of commercial spent fuel reprocessing, this article focuses on the need for improved international controls over uranium enrichment facilities as the proximate justification for creation of an International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Association (INFCA). In principle, the proposal is equally applicable to alleviating the proliferation concerns provoked by nuclear fuel reprocessing plants and other sensitive nuclear fuel cycle facilities. The INFCA would provide significantly increased nonproliferation assurance to its member states and the wider international community by holding long-term leasehold contracts to operate secure restricted zones containing such sensitive nuclear facilities.     

用闪光摄影法对轴针式喷嘴喷雾的研究及其数学模型修正

利用自行设计的静态高压模拟燃烧室,采用闪光摄影技术,对12V180CaD—2柴油机轴针式喷油器的喷雾发展进行了实验研究,并根据实验结果对轴针式喷油器喷雾贯穿长度的计算公式进行了校核和修正。     

柴油机检测与诊断系统的研制

本文以作者参加研制的柴油机检测与诊断系统为对象,在分析柴油机故障机理及特点的基础上,详细论述了检测与诊断系统的组织与结构,检测参数的选择与取舍,信号数据的采集与处理和系统故障诊断等方面的问题。文章着重论述了转速的测量及其在柴油机检测与诊断系统中的应用,柴油机高压油路的检测与诊断,ＤＳＰ系统软件的开发及其在柴油机表面振动诊断中的应用。     

不可逆闭式燃气轮机循环的最佳功率效率特性

本文研究恒温热源条件下不可逆闭式燃气轮机循环的有限时间热力学性能,导出其最佳功率输出与效率间的关系,它包含内可逆和理想换热条件下的最佳特性关系。     

寿命周期费用分析中的数据采集问题探讨

寿命周期费用数据采集是寿命周期费用分析的关键问题之一。简要介绍了寿命周期费用的概念,探讨了寿命周期费用数据采集的目的与要求、费用数据的来源、内容、采集形式,以及对费用数据的处理等与寿命周期费用数据采集有关的问题。目的在于为寿命周期费用的数据采集提供一般性指导方法。     

PC2－5柴油机舰员级维修需求卡（PCSM）的研制与使用

本文总结了郑和号训练舰主动力推进装置舰员级维修需求卡ＰＣＳＭ的研制过程和经验,阐述了ＰＣＳＭ的组成和使用方法,对提高我军舰船维修理论水平和维修实践具有重要指导意义。     

话务女兵业务训练周期的心理特点

针对空军某基地通信站女兵连话务女兵的业务训练周期逐渐变长的情况进行研究,将话务专业的\"训练周期\"划分为基础业务训练阶段、上机跟班训练阶段、考核冲刺阶段、单放后适应阶段及业务熟练阶段5个阶段。从心理学的角度入手进行原因及对策分析,建立\"兴奋期-适应期-疲劳期-调整期-实现期\"的心理周期模型。以此为框架分析女新兵在各个训练阶段的心理特点,分别以\"培养和提高自信\"\"注意集中和正确归因\"\"焦虑情绪和心境状态的调节\"及\"目标设置\"为重点制定阶段性对策,并着眼训练全过程,从帮助新兵持续保持适当的动机水平的角度提出应对办法。