帐篷辐射供暖试验研究

帐篷具有特殊的围护结构,其供暖不同于其他建筑。从特殊的使用及功能要求出发,确定研制以导电涂料发热为机理的新型电热供暖装置,制定并实现了其基本性能指标。针对帐篷在寒区取暖的现状,选择了较为合理的供暖方式,有效地解决了寒冷地区帐篷的供暖问题。分别在环境试验室模拟条件和自然气候条件下进行了低温供暖升温试验,通过试验研究了电热涂料辐射供暖的热舒适性和实测能耗,对试验结果进行了理论分析。试验表明对帐篷采用辐射方式供暖是一种高效的解决方案。     

Multivariate meta analysis with potentially correlated marketing study results

A univariate meta analysis is often used to summarize various study results on the same research hypothesis concerning an effect of interest. When several marketing studies produce sets of more than one effect, multivariate meta analysis can be conducted. Problems one might have with such a multivariate meta analysis are: (1) Several effects estimated in one model could be correlated to each other but their correlation is seldom published and (2) an estimated effect in one model could be correlated to the corresponding effect in the other model due to similar model specification or the data set partly shared, but their correlation is not known. Situations like (2) happen often in military recruiting studies. We employ a Monte‐Carlo simulation to evaluate how neglecting such potential correlation affects the result of a multivariate meta analysis in terms of Type I, Type II errors, and MSE. Simulation results indicate that such effect is not significant. What matters is rather the size of the variance component due to random error in multivariate effects. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 500–510, 2000.     

分布交互仿真技术在作战理论研究中的应用

介绍了分布交互仿真技术的发展现状,对应用分布交互仿真技术进行作战理论研究的问题进行了探讨。     

Responses of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings accompanying membrane action

The load-carrying capacities and failure patterns of reinforced concrete components can be significantly changed by membrane effects. However, limited work has been carried out to investigate the blast resistance of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (HFR-LWC) members accompanying membrane action. This paper presents a theoretical approach to quantitatively depicting the membrane behavior and its contribution on the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings, and the suitability of the proposed model is validated by a series of field tests. An improved Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) model was employed to describe the dynamic responses of beam-like members under blast loadings accompanying membrane action, where the mass-load coefficient is determined according to the nonuniformly distributed load induced by close-range explosion, and the membrane action is characterized by an in-plane (longitudinal) force and a resisting moment. The elasto-plastic and recovery responses of HFR-LWC beams under the combined action of blast load and membrane force were analyzed by the promoted model. A specially built end-constrain clamp was developed to provide membrane action for the beam member when they are subjected to blast load simultaneously. It is demonstrated that the analytical displacement-time histories are in good agreement with experimental results before peak deflections and that the improved SDOF model is an acceptable tool for predicting the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under blast loadings accompanying membrane action.     

物流配送中心性能化防火设计研究

分析物流建筑的火灾危险性,提出防止火灾蔓延是保证物流建筑消防安全的重要手段。通过某工程实例,采用计算和火灾数值模拟两种方法研究了不同火灾场景下火灾横向蔓延的性能,为此类建筑的喷淋系统设置和货架摆放位置提供了参考依据。     

科学知识社会学代表人物拉图尔理论观点述评

拉图尔最早提出SSK的微观研究纲领——“实验室研究”纲领,把建构主义科学观推进到更深入、更复杂的研究领域,成为社会建构论的主要代表,并且开创了科学认识论“社会学转向”基础上的“人类学转向”。在此着重分析他如何对科学知识的社会性问题进行日常考察与微观研究,如何论述科学事实的社会建构过程。     

水下近距爆炸作用下弹性钢板处的空化特性研究

弹性钢板在水下近距爆炸作用下,冲击波会使其附近流体形成局部空化,脉动气泡会使流体形成锥形空化。利用平面冲击波理论对局部空化的形成特性进行了研究,理论分析了结构目标尺度的变化对空化区域形成的影响,并通过具体试验对局部空化理论进行了验证,两者符合较好;通过试验和数值仿真方法研究了气泡脉动引起的锥形空化的形成特点,初步分析了锥形空化的形成原因。结果表明,锥形空化对结构具有较大的冲击作用。     

实习支教对新疆高校师范生教师职业能力培养的影响研究——以石河子大学师范生实习支教为例

开展师范生实习支教是推动当前教师教育改革的有效措施,实习支教的开展受到了当地中小学校的普遍欢迎,对推动当地教育事业发展起到了积极推动作用,对师范生教师职业能力培养具有较强的实践价值。就少数民族地区(如新疆)而言,由于语言、文化、习俗等差异的存在,使得师范生实习支教面临一些亟需解决的问题,文章结合目前新疆地区师范生实习支教实际,就实习支教对高校师范生教师职业能力培养的影响作初步的探索。     

解析“翻转课堂”中的教师角色

翻转课堂颠覆了传统的教学模式,实现了学生的个性化学习,学生的学习主体性得到了彰显。不过,教师的作用不仅没有弱化,反而变得更加重要,教师在翻转课堂中具有多重角色,是翻转课堂成功实施的关键。本文简要分析和研究教师在翻转课堂中的重要角色。     

传播学视野下墨子教育思想的推行

墨子在推行自己的思想时,采用的形式多种多样,已经初具传播学的素养。本文试图从传播者、受传者、讯息、传播手段等方面来阐述墨子教育思想的推行。墨子及其弟子组成的墨家学团是直接传播者。其受传者为天下之民。其传播的讯息包括道德教育与技能教育。其传播手段包括组织传播、群体传播、人际传播,墨家学团跟随墨子聚众讲学、游说奔走,该团体进行的即为组织传播;墨子重视学校教育,且经常聚众讲学,这种对群体的传播方式使得有群体目标的受众比较容易接受教育;另外,墨子及其弟子采用劝教、游说、论辩等形式进行的人际之间的传播,也使墨子的教育思想得到了推行。