大跨度钢结构厂房的火灾危险性及防范对策

大空间钢结构厂房具有平面布局灵活,空间利用率大,建设周期短、抗震性能好,构件制造与安装机械化程度高,可重复再利用等优点,但其在消防安全方面存在着各种先天隐患。重点分析了大跨度钢结构厂房的火灾危险性,同时有针对性的对大跨度钢结构厂房的消防监督管理措施及防火设计思路进行了论述。     

极性基团对环氧树脂基体力学性能及吸水特性的影响

研究了CYD- 128/THPA/DMP- 30 (CTD)、TDE- 85/THPA/DMP- 30(TTD)、CYD- 128/IPDA(CI)与TDE- 85/IPDA (TI)4种环氧树脂基体浇铸体的拉伸、弯曲和耐海水性能,分析了树脂、固化剂类型和分子结构对树脂基体性能的影响.结果表明,使用相同固化剂时,TDE...     

不同初始条件下乙醇-空气预混合气层流燃烧火焰结构分析

给出了一个扩展的乙醇化学反应动力学机理并给予了验证。利用此扩展机理分别计算了不同初始条件下乙醇-空气混合气一维层流自由传播火焰中反应物、自由基、碳基中间产物和燃烧产物的分布规律,预测了NOx的浓度分布曲线。对于乙醇-空气火焰,得到的主要结论有：主要自由基OH、H和O浓度随初始压力增加而减小;随初始温度增加而增加;随氮气稀释度的增加而减小。自由基浓度随初始条件的变化规律部分地解释了实验和计算得到的层流燃烧速度随初始条件的变化规律。     

复杂体系的结构分析和建模研究

根据复杂体系的概念及其所呈现出的多种特性,利用复杂体系的使命分解和复杂体系的元素组成对复杂体系进行综合的结构分析,描述了目标分解、功能分解和行为分解的复杂体系使命目标三阶段分解过程以及系统单元、复合元和体系外部环境的复杂体系三元素结构框架。在此基础上,提出了采用一种“两层四级”的设计思想对复杂体系进行有效的结构建模设计,并针对复杂体系内部的相互位置层次及其功能关联定义了度量实体、层级映射、系统关联性和软构层等相关概念,清晰地阐释了复杂体系结构分析和建模时体系层次映射的实质,从而为复杂体系的效能评估以及体系改进和优化提供一定的理论指导。     

熵理论在装备保障指挥组织结构优化中的应用

把熵理论应用于装备保障指挥组织结构的优化设计,并以某军区装备部机关组织结构为例,从量化的角度比较改革前后组织结构的时效熵和质量熵,得出结论:改革后的军区装备部机关组织结构有序度优于改革前机关组织结构有序度。     

复合固体推进剂颗粒填充模型及其统计特性分析

复合固体推进剂属于高填充比颗粒类复合材料,氧化剂和金属颗粒在基体中的随机分布使其在细观尺度具有非均质的特点。从细观尺度研究固体推进剂燃烧及力学性能时,必须考虑颗粒级配、空间分布和种类等因素的影响。采用分子动力学方法,以硝酸酯增塑聚醚高能复合固体推进剂为研究对象,将固体颗粒模型化为球形,生成其在基体内随机分布的颗粒填充模型。利用Monte-Carlo算法模拟计算颗粒填充模型细观结构的两点概率函数,并研究了颗粒填充体积分数、尺寸与级配等参数对其的影响规律。从统计意义上给出具有各态历经性、统计均匀性和各向同性特点的颗粒填充构型最小周期性代表体元尺寸,可有效减小后续研究的计算量,节约计算成本。所构建的推进剂细观几何构型及对最小周期性代表体元尺寸的计算为后续开展复合固体推进剂细观尺度燃烧、燃面处铝团聚及力学性能数值研究奠定了基础。     

Formation and characterization of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite prepared by spray-drying technique

The core-shell 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT) composite was prepared by spray-drying method in which sensitive high energy explosive (CL-20) was coated with insensitive explosive (TNT). The structure and properties of different formulations of CL-20/TNT composite and CL-20/TNT mixture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Laser particle size analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact sensitivity test and detonation performance. The results of SEM, TEM, XPS and XRD show that ϵ-CL-20 particles are coated by TNT. When the ratio of CL-20/TNT is 75/25, core-shell structure is well formed, and thickness of the shell is about 20–30 nm. And the analysis of heat and impact show that with the increase of TNT content, the TNT coating on the core-shell composite material can not only catalyze the thermal decomposition of core material (CL-20), but also greatly reduce the impact sensitivity. Compared with the CL-20/TNT mixture (75/25) at the same ratio, the characteristic drop height of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite (75/25) increased by 47.6% and the TNT coating can accelerate the nuclear decomposition in the CL-20/TNT composites. Therefore, the preparation of the core-shell composites can be regarded as a unique means, by which the composites are characterized by controllable decomposition rate, high energy and excellent mechanical sensitivity and could be applied to propellants and other fields.     

Improving the damage potential of W-Zr reactive structure material under extreme loading condition

Projectiles made of reactive structure materials(RSM)can damage the target with not only kinetic but also chemical energy,but the enhanced damage potential of RSM may become compromised if extreme loading condition disintegrates the projectile before the target is reached.In this work,a ductile coating of Ni was introduced to a tungsten-zirconium(W-Zr)alloy,a typical brittle RSM,to preserve the damage potential of the projectile.Detonation driving tests were carried out with X-ray photography and gun-powder deflagration driving tests were carried out with high-speed photography for the coated and uncoated RSM samples,respectively.The craters on the witness target were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The Ni coating was found to effectively preserve the damage potential of the W-Zr alloy under extreme loading conditions,whereas the uncoated sample fractured and ignited before impacting the target in both detonation and deflagration driving.The crack propa-gation between the reactively brittle core and the ductile coating was analyzed based on the crack arrest theory to mechanistically demonstrate how the coating improves the structural integrity and preserves the damage potential of the projectile.Specifically,the Ni coating envelops the W-Zr core until the coated sphere penetrates the target,and the coating is then eroded and worn to release the reactive core for the projectile to damage the target more intensively.     

小波理论在大型空间智能结构振动控制中的应用

采用最优控制理论设计智能结构主动振动控制器,针对大型空间智能结构的低频和密频的特性,基于小波尺度函数变换,设计了智能结构的传感器、致动器;最后通过针对某大型空间智能桁架结构的仿真,表明该控制方法是行之有效的。     

非线性控制在磁悬浮系统中的应用

用滑模变结构控制原理设计磁悬浮系统非线性控制器，并在磁悬浮球装置上进行了试验，结果证实这种控制器具有完全的鲁棒性、良好的参数适应性，设计方法也有广泛的适用性。悬浮系统的刚度有显著的提高。