指挥自动化系统可生存性研究

可生存性是指当一个系统在受到攻击、出现错误或发生紧急事件时仍然能够完成其任务的一种能力.指挥自动化系统是现代战争中部队战斗力的倍增器.在信息化战争条件下,传统的安全策略将不能保证指挥自动化系统的生存能力.通过介绍可生存性思想,分析指挥自动化系统及子系统的特点和存在的问题,提出了利用可生存性设计指挥自动化系统的基本原则.     

铺层方式对碳/环氧管层间剪应力影响的有限元分析

利用有限元程序ANSYS7.0对软模膨胀成型制备的碳/环氧管件在轴向载荷下的层间剪应力进行了分析。表明铺层的不对称性会显著导致环向层间剪应力增大,增幅在0.43～1.14倍,但对轴向层间剪应力影响很小;碳/环氧管的轴向铺层和环向铺层的比例对轴向层间剪应力和环向层间剪应力有显著影响,其比例在7∶3～4∶1时可以有效降低碳/环氧管的层间应力。     

A generalization of the weighted set covering problem

We study a generalization of the weighted set covering problem where every element needs to be covered multiple times. When no set contains more than two elements, we can solve the problem in polynomial time by solving a corresponding weighted perfect b‐matching problem. In general, we may use a polynomial‐time greedy heuristic similar to the one for the classical weighted set covering problem studied by D.S. Johnson [Approximation algorithms for combinatorial problems, J Comput Syst Sci 9 (1974), 256–278], L. Lovasz [On the ratio of optimal integral and fractional covers, Discrete Math 13 (1975), 383–390], and V. Chvatal [A greedy heuristic for the set‐covering problem, Math Oper Res 4(3) (1979), 233–235] to get an approximate solution for the problem. We find a worst‐case bound for the heuristic similar to that for the classical problem. In addition, we introduce a general type of probability distribution for the population of the problem instances and prove that the greedy heuristic is asymptotically optimal for instances drawn from such a distribution. We also conduct computational studies to compare solutions resulting from running the heuristic and from running the commercial integer programming solver CPLEX on problem instances drawn from a more specific type of distribution. The results clearly exemplify benefits of using the greedy heuristic when problem instances are large. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

PIP工艺制备的C/SiC复合材料的氧化行为

PIP工艺制备的C/SiC复合材料中SiC基体富碳,因此增强体和基体均容易氧化。碳纤维和无涂层保护C/SiC复合材料试样在400~1300℃的氧化速率随温度升高而加快,低温为反应控制,高温为扩散控制。CVD-SiC涂层保护C/SiC复合材料和由CVD-SiC层、自愈合层、CVD-SiC层三层涂层保护C/SiC复合材料在400~1300℃的氧化先随温度升高而加快,然后减慢。三层涂层在800~1300℃有非常好的保护效果。扫描电镜照片显示自愈合层的玻璃态物质进入涂层裂纹中,填充裂纹且阻挡氧的通过,从而有良好的抗氧化保护效果。     

用错误围堵策略建立可生存的网络安全设备内核

提出在IBM虚拟机器的架构上,使用错误围堵策略建立可生存的网络安全设备内核的思想。建立有效的资源管理器,分割、调度机器资源,把物理资源提供给虚拟机器,平衡错误围堵与其它的性能要求。利用软件和硬件错误围堵技术制约对系统攻击引起的错误,防止一个错误引起整个系统的崩溃。用以上策略建立了内核模型,给它加上大负荷,正常和异常的工作。实验结果显示:即使在系统中某些部分出错的情况下,依然不影响系统的整体性能,并且错误围堵的开销几乎可以忽略不计。     

基于理想点的指挥自动化系统不确定多属性效能评估

针对防空旅(团)指挥自动化系统效能评估中,其属性权重完全未知或只知大致范围的特点,给出2种基于理想点的不确定多属性效能评估模型,通过对模型的求解,可获得属性权重,进而对这种不确定性系统效能进行评估.该模型符合防空指挥自动化系统效能复杂性和人们思维的模糊性,为解决此类问题提供了新的途径和方法.实例证明,该模型简单有效.     

ESD对微电子器件造成潜在性失效的研究综述

静电放电(ESD)潜在性失效问题是当前微电子工业面临的可靠性问题之一,并且越来越引起人们的重视。国内外学者在微电子器件ESD潜在性失效的检测及探讨失效机理方面的研究取得了较大的进展。研究表明:MOS电路等微电子器件,在ESD作用下确实存在潜在性失效问题。因此,开展ESD潜在性失效研究具有重要意义。     

一种具有优先级的MAC协议性能分析

在移动通信中,为了满足高动态终端对接入的高要求,设计了一种带有优先级的随机预约/按需分配相结合的MAC协议RRDAMA-P(random reserve/demand assignment multiple access protocol with priority),并利用Opnet软件进行了建模仿真,仿真结果表明,RRDAMA-P协议不仅可以满足终端的优先级要求,而且实现了更好的吞吐量和时延性能。     

Production/distribution system design with inventory considerations

This study addresses the design of a three‐stage production/distribution system where the first stage includes the set of established retailers and the second and third stages include the sets of potential distribution centers (DCs) and potential capacitated suppliers, respectively. In this problem, in addition to the fixed location/operating costs associated with locating DCs and suppliers, we consider the coordinated inventory replenishment decisions at the located DCs and retailers along with the appropriate inventory costs explicitly. In particular, we account for the replenishment and holding costs at the retailers and selected DCs, and the fixed plus distance‐based transportation costs between the selected plants and their assigned DCs, and between the selected DCs and their respective retailers, explicitly. The resulting formulation is a challenging mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model for which we propose efficient heuristic solution approaches. Our computational results demonstrate the performance of the heuristic approaches as well as the value of integrated decision‐making by verifying that significant cost savings are realizable when the inventory decisions and costs are incorporated in the production distribution system design. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 59: 172–195, 2012     

栅格数据处理中邻域型算法的并行优化方法

随着并行计算的成熟,众多数据密集型的栅格处理算法亟需利用并行计算来缩减执行时间.针对其中一类邻域型算法,构建了用于估计是时间代价的串行/并行时域模型,分析了各个组成的代价影响因素,提出了降低数据I/O代价的并行I/O方法和降低数据通信代价的光圈预测方法.实验证明,所提的两个优化方法可以使邻域型栅格处理算法的并行程序更加充分地利用并行计算资源,进而在一般并行化的基础上进一步提升其并行性能.