基于门限的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

由于无线传感器网络在能量消耗、内存开销和计算能力等方面的局限性,传统的网络密钥管理方法已不适用。为此提出了一种适用于无线传感器网络的密钥预分配方法——基于（t,n）-门限方案,给出了密钥分配方法,并从方案的连通性、安全性等方面进行了有效的分析,结果表明该算法在这些方面有一定的优势。     

Production planning with resources subject to congestion

A fundamental difficulty in developing effective production planning models has been accurately reflecting the nonlinear dependency between workload and lead times. We develop a mathematical programming model for production planning in multiproduct, single stage systems that captures the nonlinear dependency between workload and lead times. We then use outer linearization of this nonlinear model to obtain a linear programming formulation and extend it to multistage systems. Extensive computational experiments validate the approach and compare its results to conventional models that assume workload‐independent planning lead times. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Coordination of pricing and inventory control across products

We consider the joint pricing and inventory‐control problem for a retailer who orders, stocks, and sells two products. Cross‐price effects exist between the two products, which means that the demand of each product depends on the prices of both products. We derive the optimal pricing and inventory‐control policy and show that this policy differs from the base‐stock list‐price policy, which is optimal for the one‐product problem. We find that the retailer can significantly improve profits by managing the two products jointly as opposed to independently, especially when the cross‐price demand elasticity is high. We also find that the retailer can considerably improve profits by using dynamic pricing as opposed to static pricing, especially when the demand is nonstationary. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Dynamic signatures and their use in comparing the reliability of new and used systems

The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]^n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

舰艇CGF搜潜过程马氏决策规划模型

舰艇搜索潜艇的过程可以近似地看作一种马尔可夫过程.研究了潜艇训练仿真系统中舰艇CGF(计算机生成兵力)搜索潜艇过程中的状态转移过程和随机搜索发现目标的概率模型,将舰艇CGF搜索潜艇的过程分为若干独立的阶段,建立了搜潜过程马氏决策规划模型,提出了在各种不同初始搜索状态下的舰艇搜索策略.仿真结果给出了舰艇CGF的最优搜索策略集合和发现概率,验证了马氏决策规划模型的有效性.     

利用动态规划原理实现多冲量最优交会问题

多冲量最优交会问题是航天领域非常重要的一个研究方向,从运筹学角度将此问题转化为一个多阶段多维动态规划问题,并着重对多阶段二维动态规划进行分析研究。在给出状态方程及指标函数递推公式的基础上,得到了两冲量和三冲量交会问题最优解的求解算法,之后分别通过实例验证了算法的有效性。对于以地心角等参数为决策变量的更高维问题,讨论了利用进化算法等降维方法实现多维动态规划的思想。     

SEA的侦察与监测系统效能分析

侦察与监测系统已成为现代C3I系统的重要组成部分,其效能评估既有C3I系统的一般性又有自身的特殊性。首先在一般系统效能含义上定义了侦察与监测系统的系统效能,比较了几种典型的C3I系统评估方法。在此基础上,将SEA方法应用于分析侦察与监测系统效能,并将情报信息量作为效能度量的指标。最后给出了分析计算过程和仿真结果。     

非高斯噪声下的滤波方法

干扰条件下的机动目标跟踪在一些文献[1][2]中已有讨论,但利用多传感器,尤其是被动传感器进行非高斯观测噪声条件下的目标跟踪仍需要研究。本文讨论了被动传感器在随机干扰条件下进行机动目标跟踪的方法,其观测量包含非高斯噪声,也可能包含影响观测值的随机干扰。与基于卡尔曼滤波的常见方法不同,采用动态规划算法进行多假设检验,从而估计目标的状态。仿真试验表明,本文方法能有效地处理非高斯噪声情况下的目标跟踪问题,而基于卡尔曼滤波的跟踪方法,比如EKF,则效果较差。     

A guarantee rate optimization model for wastewater treatment system design under uncertainty

We consider a design problem for wastewater treatment systems that considers uncertainty in pollutant concentration levels at water sources. The goal is to optimize the selection of treatment technologies and pipeline connections, so that treated wastewater can achieve specified effluents discharge limits as well as possible. We propose a new two-stage model to optimize a set of guarantee levels, that is, the maximum concentration level of source pollutants for which treated wastewater can be compliant with discharge limits. In the first stage, treatment technologies and pipeline connections are selected. In the second stage, when pollutant concentration levels are revealed, wastewater distribution and mixing are determined. A key attractiveness of the proposed guarantee rate optimization model is that it can be simplified into a single-stage mixed-integer linear program. In our numerical experiments based on real-world pollutants data, the guarantee rate model demonstrates its advantages in terms of computational efficiency, scalability and solution quality, compared with the standard probability maximization model. Finally, the methodology proposed in this paper can also be applied to other two-stage problems under uncertainty with similar uncertainty characteristics.     

型号研制与产品数据管理

介绍了产品数据管理(PDM)的概念和基本功能,结合当前型号研制的特点和计算机信息技术应用的状况、发展,研究了型号研制产品数据管理的需求、功能及实施,为当前型号研制依靠CIMS技术实现产品数据管理提出了8条基本原则。