磁浮轨道不平顺对悬浮系统影响的抑制方法

为了研究磁浮轨道不平顺对悬浮系统的影响,介绍了轨枕铺设、轨道梁距离这两个轨道周期性不平顺的主要来源,建立带轨道周期性不平顺的悬浮模块模型。在此基础上,从干扰输入和系统输出的角度探究轨道不平顺对悬浮系统的影响。以数值仿真的方式,分析系统在额定车速下,受到不同轨道波长激励时的悬浮间隙波动输出。结合唐山轨道不平顺功率谱,指出车辆运行时的敏感波长区域,从轨枕铺设和轨道梁架设距离两个方面提出改进意见。针对现有的磁浮轨道工况,从控制器设计角度研究调整控制参数对抑制轨道周期性不平顺干扰的影响。     

中低速磁浮列车传感器防浪涌设计及改进

为提高磁浮列车悬浮传感器的可靠性,分析在雷击、电源干扰等工况条件下的浪涌产生机理,确定浪涌冲击试验的内容,从通流量的角度说明已有防浪涌电路设计的可行性,并指出其在高温环境下在可靠性方面存在的不足。分别从降压和分流的角度进行分析,通过在原有电路中并接大容量电容的方式降低浪涌对敏感器件的冲击,从而提高传感器电源的抗浪涌冲击能力。     

抑制磁浮轨道不平顺对悬浮系统影响的方法研究

磁浮轨道不平顺是磁浮悬浮系统的主要激扰源之一,其中又以轨道高低周期性不平顺对系统影响最大。这种激扰造成悬浮质量下降、稳定裕度减小以及舒适性降低等问题。为了研究该类型激扰对悬浮系统的影响,本文首先介绍了轨枕铺设、轨道梁距离这两个轨道周期性不平顺的主要来源,建立了带轨道周期性不平顺的悬浮模块模型。在此基础上,从干扰输入和系统输出的角度探究了轨道不平顺对悬浮系统的影响。以数值仿真的方式,分析了系统在额定车速下,当受到不同轨道波长激励下时的悬浮间隙波动输出。然后,结合唐山轨道不平顺功率谱,指出了车辆运行时候的敏感波长区域,从轨枕铺设和轨道梁架设距离两个方面提出了改进意见。最后,针对现有的磁浮轨道工况,从控制器设计角度研究了调整控制参数对抑制轨道周期性不平顺干扰的影响。     

Balancing a one‐way corridor capacity and safety‐oriented reliability: A stochastic optimization approach for metro train timetabling

In urban rail transit systems of large cities, the headway and following distance of successive trains have been compressed as much as possible to enhance the corridor capacity to satisfy extremely high passenger demand during peak hours. To prevent train collisions and ensure the safety of trains, a safe following distance of trains must be maintained. However, this requirement is subject to a series of complex factors, such as the uncertain train braking performance, train communication delay, and driver reaction time. In this paper, we propose a unified mathematical framework to analyze the safety‐oriented reliability of metro train timetables with different corridor capacities, that is, the train traffic density, and determine the most reliable train timetable for metro lines in an uncertain environment. By employing a space‐time network representation in the formulations, the reliability‐based train timetabling problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic programming model, in which we use 0‐1 variables to denote the time‐dependent velocity and position of all involved trains. Several reformulation techniques are developed to obtain an equivalent mixed integer programming model with quadratic constraints (MIQCP) that can be solved to optimality by some commercial solvers. To improve the computational efficiency of the MIQCP model, we develop a dual decomposition solution framework that decomposes the primal problem into several sets of subproblems by dualizing the coupling constraints across different samples. An exact dynamic programming combined with search space reduction strategies is also developed to solve the exact optimal solutions of these subproblems. Two sets of numerical experiments, which involve a relatively small‐scale case and a real‐world instance based on the operation data of the Beijing subway Changping Line are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

How durable is the nuclear weapons taboo?

The nuclear weapons taboo is considered one of the strongest norms in international politics. A prohibition against using nuclear weapons has seemingly shaped state behavior for nearly seven decades and, according to some observers, made nuclear use ‘unthinkable’ today or in the future. Although scholars have shown that nuclear aversion has affected decision-making behavior, important questions about the nuclear taboo remain unanswered. This article seeks to answer a basic question: How durable is the taboo? We develop different predictions about norm durability depending on whether the taboo is based primarily on moral logic or strategic logic. We use the comparable case of the norm against strategic bombing in the 20th century to evaluate these hypotheses. The logic and evidence presented in this paper suggest that the norm of nuclear non-use is much more fragile than most analysts understand.     

基于输出饱和条件下磁浮列车悬浮控制参数优化

低速磁浮列车利用电磁吸力支撑车体,相比轮轨列车具有噪音小、转弯半径小、爬坡能力强等优点。研究控制器输出饱和条件下悬浮系统的稳定性问题,可以避免由于电网电压约束而可能出现的失稳现象,提高了系统运行的可靠性。基于磁浮列车单点悬浮模型,使用电流-位置双环设计方法设计得到可稳定悬浮的控制算法。由于磁浮列车悬浮控制器的输出饱和环节,进一步提出了一种基于搜索极大椭球的控制参数优化方法,在不改变控制算法设计的前提下实现了参数优化。通过仿真和试验均验证了优化后的控制效果,有效指导了实际系统的工程调试。     

Insurgency by the numbers I: A reconsideration of the ecology of communist success in jiangxi province,China

Theorizing about Taliban operations in Afghanistan has its limits and it is possible that Kabul-centric strategies do not adequately address the unique circumstances of each region in the country. How exactly has the Taliban gone about attaining its objectives in Kandahar province and how have those approaches evolved since 2002? And how have the Taliban adapted to coalition forces' attempts to compete with the insurgency and stamp it out? The answers to these questions are critical in the formulation of any counterinsurgency approach to Afghanistan.     

基于测距法的轰炸光电瞄准算法

针对光电探测设备工作特点,依据水平轰炸瞄准原理,提出了基于测距法的轰炸光电瞄准算法。确定了瞄准诸元解算方法,并对算法进行了验证。验证中,确定了约束条件,解决了输入参数模拟问题,使瞄准过程直观可见。结果显示,该算法能够稳定解算瞄准诸元,控制飞控、预告、投弹指令输出,对于轰炸光电瞄准系统的工程实现及性能提升具有一定的理论指导意义。     

测速定位系统的研究

测速定位系统是高速磁浮列车牵引和运行控制基础,与轮轨列车的系统相比,存在着如悬浮间隙波动、长定子轨道接缝及非接触式绝对位置读码等可能影响系统正常运行的特殊问题.为了降低悬浮波动对相对位置检测的影响,提出了利用悬浮间隙归一化处理相对位置检测信号的方法,使输出统一变换为8mm悬浮间隙下的信号,达到了磁极相角精度2.8°的检...     

等截面隔离段中激波串结构的数值模拟

采用二阶TVD格式的有限体积法偶合Baldwin Lomax代数湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier stokes方程 ,数值模拟了二维矩形等截面隔离段中的流动现象 ,很好地模拟出由激波 /附面层干扰所形成的复杂的激波串流场结构。计算结果与国外有关文献的结果进行了比较。