Military expenditures,economic growth and spatial spillovers

The relationship between economic growth and military expenditure has been the subject of a large literature in defence economics. This study analyses the influence of military expenditures on economic growth in a global perspective for the time period 2000–2010 taking spatial dimension into account. The augmented Solow model is employed to investigate the defence-growth nexus using the cross-sectional data relating to 128 countries. Following a traditional regression analysis, spatial variations in the relationships are examined utilizing different spatial econometric specifications estimated by maximum likelihood. The regressions are compared with each other via likelihood ratio tests, and the spatial Durbin model is found to be the most appropriate one suggesting that the typical least-squares model is misspecified. Empirical evidence indicates that military expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth with a significant spatial dependence for the time period under consideration.     

Military Spending and Growth: The Role of Institutions

Recent literature on whether military spending affects economic growth argues that the relationship may be a conditional one. We add to this literature by considering the role that ‘good institutions’ play in the effect of military spending on growth. Using data from a sample of over 100 countries from 1988 to 2010, our analysis suggests that the effect of military spending on growth is generally negative or zero at best, and this effect is mitigated in the presence of good economic and political institutions.     

Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

The paper analyzes the effects of military spending on economic growth in a small open stochastic endogenous growth model involving the supply-side and demand-side effects produced by military spending. We show that a rise in the military spending affects economic growth through four channels, including the crowding-out effect, the spin-off effect, the resource mobilization effect, and the portfolio effect. The net effect which depends on these four channels is ambiguous. Hence, we demonstrate that there exists an optimal defense burden that maximizes the economic growth rate.     

信息化条件下靶场试验任务针对性训练实战化问题研究

信息化条件下,面向实战的靶场试验任务针对性训练发生了深刻的变化,文章通过分析新形势下试验任务针对性训练存在的主要问题,研究信息化条件下实战化针对性训练的内容及趋势,总结与探索新的训练方法,建立健全考核与评价制度,提升试验任务针对性训练的质量效益及实战化能力。     

基于多级模糊综合评判法的指挥模拟训练效果评估?

针对指挥模拟训练效果评估的方法进行了研究,通过定量分析的方式将多级模糊综合评判法引入到对指挥员训练效果的评价中,在分析指挥员指挥能力构成的基础上建立起了指挥模拟训练效果评估指标体系,并构建了指挥模拟训练效果评估基本模型。最后,通过算例对模型进行了总体验证,取得了与实际结果相一致的结论,能够有效对指挥员指挥模拟训练效果作出科学客观的评价。     

军事仿真训练系统体系架构改进研究

现有军事仿真训练系统多基于传统C／S架构进行体系设计,在大规模战术训练仿真部署时,存在并发访问能力弱、可靠性差等问题。通过对仿真系统的体系架构进行研究,结合云计算技术提出增加访问控制服务器、仿真数据共享服务器以及仿真引擎虚拟化等改进方式,并通过对比分析,总结了三种方式对仿真训练系统的可扩展性、并发访问性以及数据可靠性等方面能力优化和提升的异同,并提出仿真训练系统传统体系向云计算体系逐步过渡的思路。     

思想政治教育有效性视域下研究生创新能力培养路径探析

创新能力培养作为研究生教育的重要组成部分,是知识经济时代发展的必然要求。研究生的创新能力与其核心竞争力的养成息息相关,不仅影响到就业创业工作的具体走向,也关系到研究生培养模式和培养质量的改革提升。思想政治教育有效性研究立足于实现人的自由而全面的发展,涵盖了要素有效性、过程有效性和结果有效性3个环节的13个指标。从思想政治教育有效性理论视角出发,树立正确观念、完善制度体系,搭建创新平台、开展实践活动,进而构建研究生的创新能力培养路径。     

Does Military Spending Explode External Debt in Pakistan?

This paper investigates the effect of military spending on external debt in case of Pakistan for the period of 1973–2009. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration is used to examine cointegration among the variables. The ADF, P-P, and ADF-GLS unit root tests are applied to test the integrating order of the variables. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and error correction method regressions are used to investigate the marginal impact of military spending on external debt in the long and short run. Our findings indicate the existence of cointegration that confirms the presence of a long-run relationship among military spending, external debt, economic growth, and investment. Further, our results reveal that a rise in military spending increases the stock of external debt; an increase in investment also increases external debt; however, there is an inverse effect of economic growth on external debt. An implication of the findings reported herein is that there is a need to formulate a comprehensive economic policy for curtailing external debt in case of Pakistan.     

海军兵棋演习系统研究

兵棋演习系统是我军未来开展模拟训练的重要手段,针对国内外对兵棋推演系统现状及技术发展趋势进行研究,提出海军兵棋演习系统的发展方向和设计方法,并结合海军兵棋推演的研究内容重点,给出作战规则建模、指挥关系建模等主要关键技术的解决方法,为我国海军未来兵棋推演系统设计、研究和发展提供技术支撑。     

虚拟环境中聚合级CGF坦克实体火力运用仿真

CGF是作战仿真必备的技术支持,国内的CGF系统尚不成形,急需对其进行深入的研究以满足作战仿真不断发展的需要,介绍以一个排的CGF坦克实体在虚拟的战场环境中火力运用方式及运用规则,列出了聚合级CGF实体的火力运用仿真流程图,实现虚拟战场环境下坦克实体一定的智能行为。