精确制导技术研究

精确制导技术在整个现代军事技术的发展中占据着十分重要的地位,是世界各国竞相发展的对象,但是迄今为止在国际上尚无统一的定义,也无统一的分类标准.首先给出了精确制导技术的基本概念,然后详细地介绍了精确制导技术的分类,并分析了它们各自的优缺点,最后对精确制导技术的发展趋势作了说明.     

舰载雷达中频信号仿真设计与实现

为满足舰载传感器或武器系统论证、设计、试验、评估、训练等全生命周期的应用,对新型舰载警戒探测与跟踪雷达中频信号模拟器的系统体系和组成进行了探讨,介绍了系统的功能和技术指标,重点研究了软件无线电在雷达中频信号模拟中的应用、雷达电磁环境和目标回波仿真等一些关键技术,包括目标航迹模拟、目标回波模拟、杂波信号模拟、雷达接收天线仿真、雷达天线方向图仿真等.采用软件无线电技术和软硬件相结合的方法较逼真地实现了海战场复杂电磁环境下雷达中频信号的模拟.     

C3I系统评价可信性分析方法

C3I系统评价结果的可信性分析是C3I系统理论研究中的一个重要问题.首先论述了C3I系统评价结果可信性分析的主要内容,然后提出了一种定性分析的主观确认法和定量分析的统计检验法相结合的可信性分析方法,并给出了系统评价结果的可信度的计算方法.     

【专栏】飞机结构静强度应变现场测试手段展望

目前飞机结构静强度应变现场主要的测试手段为使用电阻应变计测量系统,但电阻应变计测量系统存在抗电磁干扰差、引线过多以及一致性难以保证等问题,测试效果难以保证。近年来,光纤传感以及非接触光学测量手段的迅速发展,为飞机结构静强度应变现场测试提供了多种选择。本文通过分析以数字图像相关法技术为代表的新技术的特点,如通过进行非接触操作消除安装过程中所带来的分散性误差以及不确定性,在应对某些需要定性分析的飞机静强度试验场合时可以实时给出三维应变和位移场数据,使测量技术更加直观,以及可溯源性更好、更容易保证计量特性的稳定等,对未来飞机结构静强度应变现场测试手段进行了展望,以期为相关部门和机构提供参考。     

新一代人工智能在国防科技领域发展探讨

新一代人工智能技术已经成为当前研究的重点和热点,并逐渐成为提升国防力量、军事能力和国家竞争力的有效途径。本文在总结人工智能概念的基础上,给出了新一代人工智能的定义和发展的重要意义,从掌握未来战争主动权、支撑军工装备研制生产模式转型和保障国防科技先进性三个方面梳理了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能的必要性,并从基础技术支撑和国防特色应用两个方向提出了国防科技领域发展新一代人工智能涉及的基础软硬件、标准规范、智能装备/系统、辅助作战指挥、智能研发等重点内容,在此基础上给出了相关的发展建议。以上研究可为新一代人工智能技术在国防科技领域的研究、应用和发展提供参考。     

美军作战试验与鉴定发展研究

当前,军队装备试验鉴定正由性能试验向作战试验、在役考核全领域拓展。在装备试验鉴定体系全面重塑的历史背景下,为适应军队装备试验鉴定发展新变化,探索装备试验鉴定新理论,推进装备试验鉴定自主创新发展,亟需开展装备试验鉴定技术研究。美军相对较早开展了装备试验与鉴定工作,在作战试验与鉴定工作方面已形成了较完善的法规制度体系和规范的操作流程,有较成熟的理论与方法成果可供借鉴。与此同时,美军作战试验与鉴定工作也面临许多新问题。本文剖析了美军作战试验与鉴定的内涵和管理模式,研究了2018和2019年美军作战试验与鉴定的重点技术领域,并进行了对比分析,以期掌握近期美军作战试验与鉴定工作的发展变化。     

美国陆军网络装备作战评估及启示

作战试验能有效地推动装备体系的建设发展,本文通过分析美国陆军网络集成评估与联合作战评估的作战试验特点,提出军队开展装备作战试验的几个建议。首先,总结了美国陆军网络集成评估到联合作战评估的发展演变,主要包括网络集成评估的地位和作用、网络集成评估的实施流程以及13次网络集成评估和3次作战评估的有关情况;其次,分析了网络集成评估的一系列作战试验特点,诸如实际作战需求牵引、逼真场景构建、试训一体化模式、部队战斗力的直接生成以及作战能力的军民融合式发展等;最后,提出了网络集成评估带来的若干启示,从满足实战能力需求开展作战试验、突出装备体系的互操作能力评估、探索试训结合的作战试验模式、组建专门的作战试验部队及鼓励工业部门参与作战试验等方面推动军队作战试验的发展。     

【将军论坛】科技创新思维的哲学基础、本质特征与实践要求分析

科学技术是核心战斗力,科技创新思维是开启科技创新的“金钥匙”。为实现科技兴军目标,必须高度重视对科技创新思维的研究。本文首先提出马克思主义哲学是指导科技创新思维的锐利思想武器,并从唯物论、辨证法及认识论三个方面进行了论证;其次提出科技创新思维的三个本质特征,即新颖性、全维度和多样性;最后从五个方面提出科技创新思维的实践要求,即深刻认识创新对象、紧贴创新目标要求、重视创新实践探索、建构积淀创新知识、忠于坚守创新追求。     

An investigation on anti-impact and penetration performance of basalt fiber composites with different weave and lay-up modes

The woven basalt fiber composites (WBFC) and the unidirectional [0°/90°/45°/-45°]_s basalt fiber composites (UBFC) were prepared by hot-pressing. Three-point bending test, low velocity impact test, and ballistic test were performed to the prepared composites. After the tests, the specimens were recovered and analyzed for micromorphology. Three-point bending tests show that both the bending strength and stiffness of the WBFC surpass those of the UBFC. Low velocity impact test results show that the low velocity impact resistance to hemispherical impactor of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC, but the low velocity impact resistance to sharp impactor of the UBFC is lower than that of the WBFC. For the ballistic test, it can be found that the ballistic property of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC. After the tests, microscopic analysis of the specimens was applied, and their failure mechanism was discussed. The main failure modes of the UBFC are delamination and fibers breakage under the above loading conditions while the main failure mode of the WBFC is fibers breakage. Although delamination damage can be found in the WBFC under the above loading conditions, the degree of delamination is far less than that of the UBFC.     

Cross-linking density and aging constitutive model of HTPB coating under prestrain thermal accelerated aging

In order to study the cross-linking density and aging constitutive relationship of HTPB coating during storage, the thermal accelerated aging tests at 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% prestrains were carried out. The cross-linking density of HTPB coating at different aging stages were tested using low-field ¹H NMR and the variation of cross-linking density was analyzed. The aging model of cross-linking density considering the chemical aging and the physical stretching factors was established. The uniaxial tensile tests were carried out on HTPB coating at different aging stages and the cross-linking density was introduced into Ogden hyperelastic constitutive model as a characterization parameter of correction coefficient. Combined with uniaxial tensile test results, a prestrain aging constitutive model of HTPB coating was established. The results show that the cross-linking density of HTPB coating increases rapidly at first and then slowly with the increase of thermal accelerated aging time without prestrain. Under prestrain conditions, the cross-linking density of HTPB coating decreases at the early stage, and increases rapidly at first and then slowly at the middle and late stages of thermal accelerated aging. The correlation coefficients of aging model of cross-linking density and aging constitutive model with test results are R > 0.9500 and R > 0.9900 respectively, which can be used to accurately describe the cross-linking density and aging constitutive relationship of HTPB coating under prestrain accelerated thermal aging conditions.