Heuristics for the location of inspection stations on a network

This article considers the preventive flow interception problem (FIP) on a network. Given a directed network with known origin‐destination path flows, each generating a certain amount of risk, the preventive FIP consists of optimally locating m facilities on the network in order to maximize the total risk reduction. A greedy search heuristic as well as several variants of an ascent search heuristic and of a tabu search heuristic are presented for the FIP. Computational results indicate that the best versions of the latter heuristics consistently produce optimal or near optimal solutions on test problems. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 287–303, 2000     

Path optimization for the resource‐constrained searcher

We formulate and solve a discrete‐time path‐optimization problem where a single searcher, operating in a discretized three‐dimensional airspace, looks for a moving target in a finite set of cells. The searcher is constrained by maximum limits on the consumption of one or more resources such as time, fuel, and risk along any path. We develop a specialized branch‐and‐bound algorithm for this problem that uses several network reduction procedures as well as a new bounding technique based on Lagrangian relaxation and network expansion. The resulting algorithm outperforms a state‐of‐the‐art algorithm for solving time‐constrained problems and also is the first algorithm to solve multi‐constrained problems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

区域目标搜索中基于改进RRT的UAV实时航迹规划

在线自主航迹规划是无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,UAV)执行区域目标搜索任务的有效保证.针对UAV区域搜索中航迹规划的实时性要求,提出了一种固定搜索模式和动态搜索模式相结合的UAV自主航迹规划框架.在快速扩展随机树(RRT)方法的基础上,通过改进随机扩展树的节点选择和引入启发式信息,提出了基于改进RRT的UAV实时搜索航迹规划算法,该算法能够有效降低在线航迹规划的时间代价和扩展节点数.仿真实验结果验证了本文方法的有效性.     

直升机吊放声纳搜索方法效能研究

利用直升机吊放声纳对潜艇目标进行搜索,是航空反潜作战的重要环节.引入蒙特卡罗法对吊放声纳搜潜方法进行效能评估,以概率和统计理论方法得出其搜索概率作为评定吊放声纳搜潜方法效能的指标.对三种吊放声纳搜潜方法进行了效能仿真.通过计算机模拟对三种方法对潜艇目标的搜索概率进行比较,结果表明采用蒙特卡罗法对吊放声纳搜潜方法进行效能评估是可行有效的.     

A cooperative game in search theory

Search theory originates from the military research efforts of WWII. Most researchers of that period modeled their search games in noncooperative games, where players are enemies or compete against each other. In this article, we deal with a cooperative search game, where multiple searchers behave cooperatively. First we describe several search problems and discuss the possibility of a coalition or cooperation among searchers. For the cooperative search game, we define a function named quasi‐characteristic function, which gives us a criterion similar to the so‐called characteristic function in the general coalition game with transferable utility. The search operation includes a kind of randomness with respect to whether the searchers can detect a target and get the value of the target. We also propose a methodology to divide the obtained target value among members of the coalition taking account of the randomness. As a concrete problem of the cooperative search game, we take the so‐called search allocation game, where searchers distribute their searching resources to detect a target in a cooperative way and the target moves in a search space to evade the searchers. Lastly, we discuss the core of the cooperative search allocation game. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

模糊故障树分析方法在机场环境安全中的应用

采用故障树分析法,对引起鸟击飞机的各个因素进行系统分析,并建立了故障树.通过定性分析,可得引起顶事件发生的2580个最小割集.采用专家判断和模糊集理论相结合的方法,评估故障树底事件发生概率的模糊性,并以"垃圾堆对鸟的吸引"这一底事件为例,计算出其模糊失效率.通过定量分析,计算出顶事件的发生概率为0.00241,同时可计算各底事件的重要度.     

基于候选轨迹统计模型的红外弱小点目标检测(英文)

建立候选目标轨迹集合,以候选目标轨迹集合为样本空间,利用沿候选轨迹的能量积分构造此空间上的概率分布,从而建立候选轨迹的概率统计模型.以此模型为基础,设计了一种弱小点目标检测方法.通过蒙特卡罗实验方法调节模型参数,使得算法的检测性能达到所提出的指标.该算法规避了以往算法中需要获得解析形式的候选轨迹密度函数的限制,因此能检测出沿任意方向作直线运动的点目标.最后,针对给定的弱小点目标观测图像序列,利用所提出的算法进行检测,仿真结果证明此算法是有效的.     

舰炮武器对驱逐舰目标射击毁伤定律研究

在综合评判驱逐舰目标毁伤等级并建立目标毁伤树的基础上,构造了舰炮武器系统对驱逐舰目标射击命中毁伤区域的简化模型图,建立了舰炮对驱逐舰目标射击的条件命中概率模型,通过分析弹丸对装甲目标的终点效应,建立了舰炮对驱逐舰目标射击的条件毁伤概率模型.计算结果表明,运用该方法研究舰炮武器系统对驱逐舰目标射击毁伤定律可信性高.     

风对反潜巡逻机应召搜索延迟时间的影响研究

为了定量分析风对反潜巡逻机应召搜索延迟时间的影响,根据飞行气象学中风对飞行的影响描述以及实际需求,建立了反潜巡逻机飞往潜艇初始概略位置的航路模型。研究结果证明了模型的正确性,并通过仿真分析了反潜巡逻机的航速和航向、风速和风向的变化对延迟时间的影响。结果表明风对延迟时间的影响是不能忽略的,为反潜巡逻机航路的优化、应召搜索效能的提高提供了决策依据。     

杀爆弹对主战坦克毁伤评估仿真

在全面分析杀爆弹对主战坦克毁伤效应的基础上,针对冲击波和破片对坦克外部件的毁伤,利用计算机仿真方法进行杀爆弹对主战坦克毁伤评估。利用射击线技术构建了杀爆弹对主战坦克毁伤评估模型;基于蒙特卡洛随机模拟试验法,开发了计算程序,进行了以破片杀伤为主的杀爆弹对主战坦克毁伤效应仿真评估,得到了车体命中破片数随炸点坐标变化规律,以及坦克整体毁伤概率随杀爆弹终点速度变化规律。研究结果为主战坦克目标易损性分析与毁伤评估提供了重要参考。