Critics gone wild: Counterinsurgency as the root of all evil

The Western interventions in Iraq and Afghanistan have produced a heated polemic concerning the merits and demerits of counterinsurgency – the operational approach underpinning both campaigns. The two books reviewed here provide a good summation of the arguments against counterinsurgency: it is not a strategy and will fail when mistaken as such; its theory does not make intervention and war significantly easier; and even the most successful counterinsurgency campaigns have been bloody, violent, and protracted. Yet as this review highlights, beyond these central points, criticism of counterinsurgency is too often off the mark in its approach and totalizing in its pretentions. There is much to criticize and an urgent need to learn from past campaigns, yet bold claims and broad generalizations can mislead rather than enlighten. The analysis is particularly unhelpful when the definition of the central issue at hand – counterinsurgency – is being unwittingly or deliberately distorted. In the end, these two books form a poor basis for the debate that must now take place, because they are too ideological in tone, too undisciplined in approach, and therefore too unqualified in what they finally say.     

基于开放环境的P2P网络主动型蠕虫传播模型

P2P网络主动型蠕虫采用主动扫描邻居节点信息的策略,能在短时间内破坏整个P2P网络,成为网络信息系统最为严重的安全威胁。结合主动型蠕虫的传播特点,考虑开放的P2P网络环境对蠕虫传播的影响,弥补现有模型忽略P2P网络动态性的不足,建立了基于开放环境的P2P网络蠕虫传播模型。与双因素模型相比较,该模型能更客观地反映现实网络中蠕虫的传播情况,在此基础上从初始已感染主机数、感染率、免疫率3方面定量分析了蠕虫的传播规律。仿真结果表明,感染率和免疫率是影响蠕虫传播的关键因素。     

Influence of yttrium on microstructure and properties of Ni–Al alloy coatings prepared by laser cladding

Ni–Al alloy coatings with different Y additions are prepared on 45^# medium steel by laser cladding. The influence of Y contents on the microstructure and properties of Ni–Al alloy coatings is investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, Vickers hardness tester, friction wear testing machine, and thermal analyzer. The results show that the cladding layers are mainly composed of NiAl dendrites, and the dendrites are gradually refined with the increase in Y additions. The purification effect of Y can effectively prevent Al₂O₃ oxide from forming. However, when the atomic percent of Y addition exceeds 1.5%, the extra Y addition will react with O to form Y₂O₃ oxide, even to form Al₅Y₃O₁₂ oxide, depending on the amount of Y added. The Y addition in a range of 1.5–3.5 at.% reduces the hardness and anti-attrition of cladding layer, but improves obviously its wear and oxidation resistances.     

Influence of high frequency pulse on electrode wear in micro-EDM

An electromagnetic coupling mathematical model is established by finite element method and is verified by the contrastive experiments of copper matrix Ni–TiN cylindrical coating electrode, copper electrode and Cu50W electrode. The wear mechanism of Ni–TiN/Cu composite electrode in the case of high-frequency pulse current is studied, and the influence of the fluctuation frequency of discharge current on electrode wear in micro-EDM is found out. Compared with the electrode made from homogeneous material, the high frequency electromagnetic properties of Ni–TiN composite layer can be used effectively to inhibit the effect of high frequency pulse on the electrode and improve the distribution trend of current density.     

航母编队特点及对策研究

为了打赢未来可能发生的高技术局部战争,必须深入研究航母编队特点,积极探索能有效克制航母编队的战法。从航母编队的作战编成、攻防体系和队形以及C3I系统的结构及功能等方面分析了航母编队的特点,重点研究了航母编队C3I系统的特点。针对其特点,提出了几点抗击航母编队的对策。     

电子对抗指挥控制系统的行为功能需求

电子对抗指挥控制系统的军事需求分析是制约电子对抗指挥控制系统建设质量的关键。本文主要介绍了电子对抗指挥控制系统的行为功能需求。     

全分布式人工智能技术在舰艇指控系统中的应用研究

为适应未来信息化海战场的需要,必须提高舰艇指控系统的指挥效能。舰艇指控系统的智能化是提高舰艇指挥效能的关键,也是必由之路。本文主要论述了信息战中智能化作用的地位,特别针对舰艇指控系统;并给出了一种采用全分布式人工智能技术的智能化舰艇指控系统结构模型。     

新指挥控制原理

指挥控制系统是兵力放大器,信息时代的挑战是要突破这种传统理念的束缚。传统的指挥控制赋予兵力系统以自动机功能,而新指挥控制原理则赋予兵力系统具有生命系统特征的进化能力,具有进化特征的兵力系统将更加灵活和更具适应性,采用自组织、自学习、自修复的运作方式,以满足系统与系统对抗、体系与体系对抗的需求为构建目标。文中在分析了指挥控制的基本问题的基础上,从指挥控制的性质的角度,归纳和提出了新指挥控制原理,并尝试解释原理的含义、本质、特点和可能应用。文中的观点对分析设计指挥控制体系、系统、方法具有理论和实践意义。     

基于硬件计数器的MPEG4视频应用性能特征分析

通过指令集扩展来增强多媒体应用性能是微处理器发展的一个趋势,IntelMMX、SSE和SSE2是很好的例子。但应用本身的特点是否支持这些体系结构特性,应用软件是否充分发挥了多媒体指令集的潜力,都是值得关注的问题。采用动态Profiling的方法,研究MPEG4视频应用在基于IntelP4处理器的桌面机上的性能特性,使用硬件计数器工具来获取指令级的性能数据,并进行了深入分析。发现MPEG4播放软件较好地利用了IntelP4的64位MMX指令集,但对SSE和SSE2指令集几乎没有利用上;两级Cache不命中导致的性能损失很大。为提高视频播放性能,改进存储层次设计与优化播放软件比改进多媒体指令集更加有效。     

基于IDEF3的部队装备中修业务流程优化重组

以IDEF3为工具描述了部队装备中修业务流程,分析了流程中存在的问题,通过采用基于状态的维修方式、无损检测先进技术手段、共享维修保障信息和调整器材发放审批权限等方法,对部队现行装备中修业务流程进行了优化,可有效解决装备维修过剩、维修不足、维修资源浪费和维修周期过长等问题．