Exploring the subsidiarity principle in policing and the operations of the Nigeria Police Force

The provisions of the 1999 Constitution, which recognises the existence of a single police force and forbids parallel police organisations, have oftentimes generated controversies among actors in the Nigerian federal polity. Rising insecurity precipitates lingering questions on the utility and adequacy of a single, highly centralised and centrally controlled police force given Nigeria’s geographic vastness and demographic diversity. Conversely, arguments have also dwelt on the dangers of fragmentation considering Nigeria’s psychosocial, economic and political nature. This article attempts to balance these arguments by analysing policing and the operations of the Nigeria Police Force (NPF) through the lens of the subsidiarity principle. Subsidiarity is a governance principle in federations, captured in the founding documents of the European Union (EU), which prescribes that governmental powers, authorities and duties should be held by the tier that can best perform them equitably, efficiently, effectively, suitably and based on interest and need. Drawing largely on interviews with purposively selected police scholars, political actors, civil society organisations and police personnel, the paper contends that this principle offers a pragmatic solution to the perennial problems of intergovernmental frictions on the use of the police within the context of governance in the Nigerian federation.     

South African defence policy: the rationale and impact of the SANDF’s primary role and conventional force design

The 2015 South African Defence Review set out to reverse the deterioration of South African National Defence Force (SANDF) capabilities. Within the South African Department of Defence (DOD) this deterioration is expressed mainly in terms of a decreasing defence budget, subsequent declining conventional capabilities and obsolete prime mission equipment. Contemporary research and defence expert debates on this theme, point out the disjuncture between policy ends and the available means, with scepticism for an increased defence budget given the DOD’s lack of internal reform and strategy adjustment. One question that remains largely unanswered in the literature regarding the decline of the SANDF, is why both the policy-makers and the SANDF have remained focused on the primary role of the military (defending territorial integrity) accompanied with an unaffordable conventional force design? This question relates to the aim of this paper and is explored by revisiting initial defence policy decisions and compromises that were made in the 1990s. It is argued that the primary role of the SANDF and its conventional force design suited the interests of both the politicians and the military, but that the drawbacks thereof have harshly caught up with the DOD.     

新编制体制下武警部队装备任务需求

为加快建设现代化武警部队,解决配属装备与日益增长的任务需求之间的矛盾,论文以武警部队指挥体系变更、警种部队调整的现实背景,围绕武警部队遂行任务情况,整理分析出新编各警种对装备的任务需求,为推动武警部队装备体系发展提供理论参考。     

“作战云”理论视阈下的装甲兵装备保障

"作战云"的作战理念将引发装甲装备保障领域的深刻变革。文章剖析了"作战云"理论视阈下装甲兵装备保障问题的基本内涵,从装备保障力量部署、指挥控制方式、协同方式、防护手段四个方面分析了"作战云"视阈下装甲兵装备保障的主要特点,提出"探测——决策——保障——评估"的装备保障行动流程。     

永磁无刷直流直线电机齿槽力补偿控制研究

永磁无刷直流直线电机的齿槽定位力对其低速性能影响很大,而单纯的设计方法不可能完全消除齿槽力的影响,为此,必须在控制系统中对齿槽力进行补偿。针对包含齿槽力模型的理想电机控制系统进行了理论分析,指出通过引入位置反馈环节可以消除齿槽力的不良影响。利用有限元分析方法计算了电机的推力和齿槽力波形,验证了低速条件下推力波动主要由齿槽力引起,并说明可以通过位置反馈来补偿推力波动。最后,提出将一个齿槽力周期分为多个区间,然后分段进行线性补偿的简易控制方法。该方法无需高精度的定位装置和复杂的控制算法即可实现对电机齿槽力的补偿,实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效抑制电机的推力波动。     

伊拉克战争美军后勤(装备)保障特点及启示

伊拉克战争中,美军采取多种手段和措施,成功地实施了后勤(装备)保障,在保障准备、保障方法、保障信息化建设等方面呈现出许多新特点,为我军做好新形势下的装备保障工作提供了有益的启示。     

气论的当代美学价值

气论在当代仍然具有重要的借鉴及实践价值。气论对于指导艺术家自身建设 ,阐释艺术内部规律 ,塑造理想人格、弘扬刚健不息的民族精神 ,发扬中国传统美学的人文精神等 ,有着其他理论不能替代的作用     

三个有利于标准与国企改革

“三个有利于”是邓小平理论的重要思想 ,是判断改革和各方面工作是非得失的根本标准。国有企业是国民经济的重要支柱。按照“三个有利于”标准推进国有企业改革 ,对于建立社会主义市场经济体制 ,促进经济持续、快速、健康发展 ,提高人民生活水平 ,保持安定团结的政治局面 ,巩固社会主义制度 ,都具有十分重要的意义。     

对加强网络化思想政治工作的几点思考

随着时代发展,网络已成为报纸、电台、电视以外的“第四媒体”,亦成为思想政治工作一个新的重要阵地。它既给军队思想政治工作带来了机遇,也带来了前所未有的挑战。探索如何充分运用网络这一特殊的文化载体,开拓军队思想政治工作新途径,抢占“制高点”,弘扬主旋律,具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

某新型减阻试验台理论仿真

针对现今水洞、风洞减阻试验准备过程繁琐、周期长、费用昂贵等问题,根据同轴旋转粘度计原理.提出了针对脊状结构减阻、涂层减阻等减阻技术的新型试验台.通过选取V型和U型两种脊状结构,对试验台模型进行模拟仿真计算,将具有脊状结构的试验台壁面剪切力值和湍流强度与光滑试验台数据进行比较,得到了较好的减阻效果.从而说明运用本试验台进行减阻试验的方案是切实可行的.