美国陆军作战试验部队管理体系研究

作战试验部队是试验鉴定力量体系的重要支撑,是完成装备作战试验的直接载体。美国在装备试验与鉴定方面走在世界前列,建立了一整套行之有效的管理体制,陆军实行试验与鉴定的一体化管理,具有独立的作战试验鉴定部门,没有编设专业化的作战试验部队,试验任务主要根据装备的特性选取未来典型用户的作战部队在真实对抗环境中完成。作战试验部队主要参加作战评估、初始作战试验与评价以及后续作战试验与评价三个阶段的作战试验,在一体化试验小组的协调下,依托靶场完成试验训练任务。本文主要通过对美国陆军试验部队的研究,分析了美国陆军作战试验与鉴定发展概况,重点研究了作战试验部队管理体系,并从整个试验与鉴定系统归纳总结作战试验部队管理及相关工作的主要做法。     

Tripwires and free-riders: Do forward-deployed U.S. troops reduce the willingness of host-country citizens to fight for their country?

This article investigates the relationship between U.S. overseas troops and the willingness of the citizens of host states to fight for their country. The study joins the long-running debate about burden-sharing and free-riding among U.S. allies. Unlike most previous empirical studies, we focus on non-material or intangible measures of the underlying concepts. Our dependent variable estimates the proportion of citizens expressing a willingness to fight for their country. Scores at the aggregate-national as well as the individual level are shaped by the presence of U.S. military forces, which act as a “tripwire” signaling credible security commitments. This increases opportunities of (non-material) free-riding. We present both bivariate and multivariate analyses covering the period 1981–2014 to test this supposition. Findings indicate that once U.S. troop levels reach a certain threshold (between 100 and 500 troops), citizens’ willingness to fight drops significantly. This likely reflects non-material free-riding.     

How long until midnight? Intelligence-policy relations and the United States response to the Israeli nuclear program, 1959–1985

Why did the United States fail to stop Israeli acquisition of nuclear weapons? Existing research argues that patrons such as the U.S. should have an easy time halting proliferation by militarily and economically vulnerable clients. Nevertheless, Israel acquired nuclear weapons with relatively little American opposition. Utilizing extensive primary source research, we argue that problematic intelligence-policy relations hindered U.S. efforts to arrest Israeli proliferation as (1) policymakers often gave mixed guidance to the intelligence community, resulting in (2) limited information on Israeli efforts that reinforced policy ambiguity. The results carry implications for understanding the dynamics of nuclear proliferation and intelligence-policy relations.     

二十世纪美国反恐情报应用模式初探

美国作为较早受到恐怖主义威胁的西方发达国家,自20世纪70年代逐渐发展起了一套完善的执法体系,并积累了成熟的执法经验,特别是信息化时代背景下,美国执法部门的反恐斗争渗透着强烈而鲜明的信息情报色彩,是“情报导侦”理念和模式的现实体现,为我国执法与行动部门提供了一定的经验。其中的“威胁评估”综合情报分析模式是美国反恐情报工作的典型代表,对于预防恐怖主义犯罪起着特殊的作用。     

Vicarious warfare: The counterproductive consequences of modern American military practice

This article examines contemporary modes of American warfare. It posits the concept of “vicarious warfare” as a means of capturing prominent patterns in warfighting approaches. Although rooted in long-standing traditions of military practice, vicarious warfare is sufficiently novel as to be identifiable as a distinct phenomenon. The precise manifestation or combination of vicarious methods vary according to the specific circumstances and political contexts prevailing in different theaters. However, America’s general preference is to fight its wars by delegating tasks to proxies and limiting exposure of its own military to danger. Where U.S. forces are employed directly, this takes place largely in the shadows. Such approaches have clear attractions, offer undoubted tactical advantages, and permit successive administrations to maintain a persistent tempo of operations that evades rigorous democratic scrutiny. Yet, prominent cases and numerous studies suggest that vicarious warfare has a high potential to generate counterproductive effects and significant strategic harm.     

网上非典信息报告统计系统的开发

武警学院防治非典信息报告统计系统是在北京突发非典疫情 ,全国各地高度重视非典防治的情况下着手开发的。文章通过对非典信息报告统计系统的实现代码、实现技术、实现功能以及功能模块的分析 ,旨在介绍利用 NET技术实现网上分级实时统计的编程方法     

用动网格法计算理想平板的颤振导数

提出了一种数值模拟振动的理想平板绕流场 ,并提取其气动导数的方法。时间相关的不可压N S方程采用Projetion 2格式解耦 ,关于中间速度的动量方程的时间和空间离散采用二阶半隐格式 ,压力Possion方程迭代用多层网格法加速收敛。分别计算平板作竖向强迫振动或扭转强迫振动的气动力 ,用动网格法考虑平板和气流的耦合作用。由计算得到的气动力用最小二乘法确定 8个气动导数。计算结果和理想平板的Theodorsen理论值有较好的一致性     

基于Wigner-Ville时频幅值曲率的结构位置损伤识别

为探索既有明确物理意义又有良好实用性的结构损伤识别方法,利用Wigner-Ville时频分布（WVD）对结构自由振动响应进行解析,建立了WVD时频幅值与结构模态参数的函数关系,提出利用测点WVD时频幅值曲率来识别损伤。该方法物理意义明确,初始激励易于实施,且不需要模态参数识别,提高了损伤识别精度。算例分析结果表明,所提出的方法能较好地识别出结构单个或多个损伤位置,且数据易于获得,处理简便。     

机载雷达功能仿真中地球曲率的影响

从机载雷达目标探测过程出发,构建目标回波的单程增益系数和地表漫反射的后向散射系数的数学模型,根据此模型提出机载雷达的相应性能指标.在仿真实验的基础上,分析了地球曲率对目标回波和面杂波功率的影响.仿真结果表明了该模型的正确性和有效性.     

基于B/S模式的雷达装备远程故障诊断系统

探讨了基于B/S模式的雷达装备远程故障诊断系统,利用知识库、Web等技术构建了一个供雷达部队使用的雷达诊断网,对系统的体系结构和功能模块以及所涉及的关键技术进行了分析和研究,实现了雷达装备的实时监控和故障的自动诊断,提高了雷达装备的可靠性和雷达部队的应急抢修能力。