边检机关围绕和谐通关创新社会管理的几点思考

边检机关围绕和谐通关创新社会管理,应进一步深化“服务”理念,实现三个转变;把握“创新”实质,做到四个“坚持”;抓住关键环节,加强制度建设;让群众在口岸通行时更快捷、更便利、更文明、更有尊严。     

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M＝Mg,Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

MgH2, TiH2, and ZrH2 are three typical metal hydrides that have been gradually applied to composite explosives and propellants as additives in recent years. To evaluate ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, the Hartmann device and spherical pressure vessel were used to test ignition energy and ex-plosion pressure, respectively. The results showed that the ignition sensitivity of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 gradually increased. When the concentration of MgH2 is 83.0 g/m3 in Hartmann device, the ignition energy attained a minimum of 10.0 mJ. The explosion pressure of MgH2 were 1.44 times and 1.76 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, and the explosion pressure rising rate were 3.97 times and 9.96 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, through the spherical pressure vessel. It indicated that the reaction reactivity and reaction rate of MgH2 were higher than that of TiH2 and ZrH2. In addition, to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, gas production and combus-tion heat per unit mass of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 were tested by mercury manometer and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The experimental results revealed that MgH2 had a relatively high gas production per unit mass (5.15 mL/g), while TiH2 and ZrH2 both had a gas production of less than 2.0 mL/g. Their thermal stability gradually increased, leading to a gradual increase in ignition energy. Furthermore, compared with theoretical combustion heat, the combustion ratio of MgH2, TiH2 and ZrH2 was more than 96.0%, with combustion heat value of 29.96, 20.94 and 12.22 MJ/kg, respectively, which was consistent with the explosion pressure and explosion severity test results.     

国外保障性试验与评价的做法与启示

保障性试验与评价是实现装备战备完好性目标、降低装备寿命周期费用和研制风险的重要而有效的决策手段.分别介绍了美、法、德、日等国家在保障性试验与评价方面的组织、结构、管理和实际做法,并得出几点启示,为我国开展保障性试验与评价提供了借鉴和参考.     

为有源头活水来——“两弹一星”科技英才早年成长的家庭因素

家庭是人才成长的重要因素。“两弹一星”科技英才早年的成长也得益于此,即：深厚的家学渊源——“两弹一星”科技英才早年成长的知识土壤;殷实的家庭经济——“两弹一星”科技英才早年成长的物质基础;优良的家族传统——“两弹一星”科技英才早年成长的文化基因。     

一种新的针对模型误差所致滤波发散的补偿方法

系统模型误差是导致卡尔曼滤波发散的一个很重要的原因,分析了衰减记忆法和限定记忆法两种对模型误差所致滤波发散的补偿方法,通过引入阈值可以将这两种方法进行有机结合,给出了一种新的衰减限定记忆算法。算例分析验证了衰减限定记忆算法在抑制滤波发散方面具有比衰减记忆和限定记忆法更好的性能,并能自适应调整算法所需观测数据数目。     

逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾试验下Burr部件的可靠性分析

在逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾试验下,研究了Burr部件寿命参数及可靠性指标的极大似然估计和Bayes估计.利用简单迭代方法,给出了寿命参数和可靠性指标的极大似然估计的数值解.然后利用Lindely Bayes近似算法得到了平方损失下寿命参数以及可靠性指标的Bayes估计.最后,运用Monte-Carlo方法对各估计结果作了模拟比较,结果表明Bayes估计较极大似然估计的误差小.     

Effect of energy content of the nitraminic plastic bonded explosives on their performance and sensitivity characteristics

Information about the forty nine nitraminic plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) and different nitramines were collected. Fillers of these PBXs are nitramines 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5-tetrazocane (β-HMX), cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (bicyclo-HMX, BCHMX) and ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (ε-HNIW, CL-20) which are bonded by polyfluoro-elastomers, polydimethyl-siloxane, poly-glycidyl azide, polyisobutylene, polystyrene-butadiene, poly-acrylonitrile-butadiene and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene in addition to a melt cast compositions based on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. For thirty two of these PBXs the relationships are specified and analyzed between heats of their combustion and relative explosive strengths; by means of these relationships it might be possible to estimate, which groupings in the macromolecule of binder could be liable to their primary fission in the PBXs initiation. Similarly, for forty two of these explosives, the relationships are described and analyzed between their enthalpies of formation and impact sensitivities; here is especially attention paid to PBXs filled by BCHMX. Specific rate constants from Vacuum Stability Test (VST) of four nitramines and twenty PBXs are introduced into relationships with their enthalpies of formation. Regarding to all the mentioned cases, increasing of energy content of the studied explosives leads to increase of the relative explosive strength or initiation reactivity, respectively. Exception with the opposite trend, the outputs of VST are for BCHMX, where in PBXs are matrices with the esteric plasticizers or the energetic poly-glycidyl azide. Admixture of RDX or HMX, respectively, into the BCHX PBXs gives ternary PBXs whose thermal stability, in the sense of applied VST, is higher comparing to the original binary explosives.     

海上编队雷达网近程协同抗ARM方法与仿真

根据反辐射导弹（ARM）攻击时捕捉目标的局限性,提出了海上编队雷达网利用编队内各平台之间的间距优势来协同抗ARM的方法,建立了海上编队雷达网在近程距离内协同抗ARM的能力评估模型和对抗行为模型。其中,能力评估模型可以对海上编队雷达网抗ARM的能力进行评估。舰艇编队在面临ARM威胁时,通过对上述两个模型结合使用,可以对ARM实施有效诱偏。仿真试验结果表明,所建立模型具有一定的可行性和正确性。     

复杂系统理论对作战实践的指导

比较研究了机械模式与复杂系统模式的两种作战系统观,分析了复杂系统的整体性、非线性、开放性、自适应性、不确定性等特点。然后,根据作战系统是一复杂系统这一基本观点,并以复杂系统理论为指导,探讨了作战中的指挥控制、进攻作战、防御作战的一些基本策略。     

固液火箭冲压发动机推力调节的一种方法

推力调节是整体式固液火箭冲压发动机研究的一项关键技术.基于发动机推力调节工作原理,推导了一种推力调节方法,数字仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性.