瞬态温度场有限元法求解的研究

介绍了瞬态热分析的定义和步进积分的特点;研究了两点时问差分格式的瞬态导热温度场有限元法数值解的稳定性和振荡现象;比较和分析了几种差分格式的特点,并应用算例对几种差分算法进行了验证;总结说明了几种差分算法在实际当中的应用。     

Dynamic capacity reservation and due date quoting in a make‐to‐order system

We consider a make‐to‐order manufacturer facing random demand from two classes of customers. We develop an integrated model for reserving capacity in anticipation of future order arrivals from high priority customers and setting due dates for incoming orders. Our research exhibits two distinct features: (1) we explicitly model the manufacturer's uncertainty about the customers' due date preferences for future orders; and (2) we utilize a service level measure for reserving capacity rather than estimating short and long term implications of due date quoting with a penalty cost function. We identify an interesting effect (“t‐pooling”) that arises when the (partial) knowledge of customer due date preferences is utilized in making capacity reservation and order allocation decisions. We characterize the relationship between the customer due date preferences and the required reservation quantities and show that not considering the t‐pooling effect (as done in traditional capacity and inventory rationing literature) leads to excessive capacity reservations. Numerical analyses are conducted to investigate the behavior and performance of our capacity reservation and due date quoting approach in a dynamic setting with multiple planning horizons and roll‐overs. One interesting and seemingly counterintuitive finding of our analyses is that under certain conditions reserving capacity for high priority customers not only improves high priority fulfillment, but also increases the overall system fill rate. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

军事安全视角下的军队翻译能力建设

军队翻译能力是军队外语能力的组成部分。军队翻译能力的理论框架包含构成要素、存在形式和转换机制三个组成部分。新的安全形势对我军的翻译保障在广度和深度上都有了新的要求,而军队翻译能力供给相对不足。需要对军队翻译能力进行规划,加强翻译人力资源的储备与管理,提升翻译保障信息化水平。     

基于全寿命周期的舰船喷水推进装置综合保障技术研究

针对舰船喷水推进装置的保障需求,介绍了喷水推进装置的基本组成、技术特点,引入环境特征,使用特征因素,研究喷水推进装置从交装到服役期满的全寿命服役周期的综合保障技术,提出针对喷水推进装置在不同状态、不同时期的保障策略,建立喷水推进装置保障能力体系。     

A multi‐stage stochastic programming approach for network capacity expansion with multiple sources of capacity

In networks, there are often more than one sources of capacity. The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker. Depending on the nature of sources, we identify the permanent capacity, spot market capacity, and contract capacity. We use a scenario tree to model the uncertainty, and build a multi‐stage stochastic integer program that can incorporate multiple sources and multiple types of capacities in a general network. We propose two solution methodologies for the problem. Firstly, we design an asymptotically convergent approximation algorithm. Secondly, we design a cutting plane algorithm based on Benders decomposition to find tight bounds for the problem. The numerical experiments show superb performance of the proposed algorithms compared with commercial software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 600–614, 2017     

军用航空发动机大修能力评估方法

针对航空发动机修理工厂大修能力难以评估的问题,提出了航空发动机大修能力评估方法。分析了航空发动机大修生产过程;根据航空发动机大修生产工作特点,建立了基于生产职能分解的航空发动机大修能力评估指标体系,构建出基于熵权和灰色聚类的评估指标赋权模型;结合实例验证了方法的正确性和实用性。     

有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估及保障方案优化

备件库存和站点维修能力是影响备件维修周转的重要因素,制约装备使用效果。针对备件需求随任务阶段动态变化的装备保障方案评估和优化问题,考虑站点维修能力对备件维修过程的影响,结合METRIC建模方法和动态排队理论,建立了有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估模型。在评估模型基础之上,以保障费用为优化目标,装备可用度为约束条件,建立了任务期内多级保障系统保障方案优化模型。以任务期内的最低可用度所对应的备件短缺数为观测值,分析了各项资源的边际效益值,采用边际优化算法对各项资源进行优化计算。算例分析表明,评估模型能够计算多级保障系统任务期内各阶段装备可用度;保障方案优化模型和方法能够得到各项保障资源的优化配置方案。提出的模型和优化方法能够为装备保障人员制定合理的保障方案提供决策支持。     

多波束卫星网络的物理层安全性能指标研究

安全性是卫星通信网络充分发挥其优势的必要保证。将物理层安全传输技术引入多波束卫星通信网络,可望有效提高卫星通信系统的抗截获和抗侦测能力。分析了卫星通信的物理层安全应用需求,设计了一套波束成形和功率控制相结合的多波束卫星下行链路物理层安全传输策略,建立了信道模型和信号模型,构建了一套多波束卫星网络下行链路的物理层安全性能评价指标,并对指标进行了定性和定量的分析。     

飞行器层板式前缘热管防热结构等效热分析

针对高超声速飞行器前缘尖锐部件所面临的严重气动热,提出层板式前缘热管防热结构。为避免前缘热管内复杂的两相传热传质计算,对高温热管蒸汽腔的传热进行了等效导热分析,讨论了蒸汽腔的等效导热系数的计算方法,与常规高温热管试验对比验证了计算方法的准确性。对该结构热防护效果的计算表明,当飞行器在34 km高度以7Ma速度飞行时,以IN718为管壁材料、Na为工质的层板式热管对头部半径为15 mm的前缘结构具有良好的热防护效果。     

高超声速飞行器边界层外缘参数仿真分析

以高超声速飞行器为研究对象,构建快速准确计算高超声速飞行器无黏边界层外缘参数的计算方法。拟合空气比热、比热比随温度变化曲线,建立空气属性温度划分准则。基于不同空气属性建立高超声速飞行器边界层外缘参数工程与数值计算模型,采用钝双锥模型,对比分析工程估算、无黏数值及有黏数值计算方法的计算结果。结果表明,0°攻角状态下,基于无黏流场的数值计算与工程估算和有黏数值计算的压强最大差值分别为1.19%和2.39%;10°攻角状态下,最大差值分别为5%和50%;从而证明所提出的无黏数值计算方法明显优于工程计算方法,为进一步快速准确计算高超声速飞行器气动热环境奠定了重要基础。