水平冷凝管中分相流的传热

本文对饱和蒸汽流经水平冷凝管时汽－液分相流的流动和传热模型进行了讨论,并给出有关方程。用该模型对饱和氨蒸汽流经水平铝管时的传热特性进行了计算,给出了流动参数和热学参数的轴向分布,并考察了有关因素对诸参数分布的影响。     

舰船利用柴油机冷却水余热作吸收式制冷空调装置热源的研究

对某型舰利用６—１５０Ｃ柴油发电机冷却水余热作为低品位热源进行溴化锂吸收式制冷进行了热力计算和节能分析。计算及分析结果表明：利用６—１５０Ｃ柴油发电机组冷却水余热作为某型舰吸收式空调机组的热源是可行的,它不仅满足该型舰制冷量的要求,还具有明显的节能效果。     

不可逆定常态流热机的有限时间热力学最优化

在考虑工质与热源间热阻损失的内可逆热机模型基础上,用一常数项表示热漏损失,用一常系数项表示循环中除热阻和热漏外的其余不可逆性（如摩擦、涡流、非平衡等）,建立了一个不可逆定常态能量转换卡诺热机模型,并对其进行有限时间热力学分析,导出循环的最佳功率与效率关系,并得到了最大功率及其相应的效率和最大效率及其相应的功率。由此模型可准确描述各种不可逆性对热机性能的影响。由此得到的热机功率效率特性与实际热机特性相同。     

Allocation with demand competition: Uniform,proportional, and lexicographic mechanisms

We examine capacity allocation mechanisms in a supply chain comprising a monopolistic supplier and two competing retailers with asymmetric market powers. The supplier allocates limited capacity to retailers according to uniform, proportional, or lexicographic mechanism. We study the impact of these allocation mechanisms on supplier pricing decisions and retailer ordering behavior. With individual order size no greater than supplier capacity, we show that all three mechanisms guarantee equilibrium ordering. We provide precise structures of retailer ordering decisions in Nash and dominant equilibria. Further, we compare the mechanisms from the perspective of the supplier, the retailers, and the supply chain. We show that regardless of whether retailer market powers are symmetric, lexicographic allocation with any priority sequence of retailers is better than the other two mechanisms for the supplier. Further, under lexicographic allocation, the supplier gains more profit by granting higher priority to the retailer with greater market power. We also extend our study to the case with multiple retailers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 85–107, 2017     

采用高超声速再入圆球的大气密度间接探测方法

针对现有大气密度探测方法的精度低、成本高、时空一致性差等不足,提出基于高超声速再入圆球的临近空间大气密度探测方法。根据再入运动方程沿弹道迭代计算大气密度值。仿真结果表明,该方法可测得高度90 km以下的大气密度,测量精度在6%以内。对带有偏心配重块的圆球建立沿弹道的六自由度运动分析模型,结合气动力热数值模拟确定了双天线罩布局方案;并进一步对带双天线罩的偏心圆球实现了沿弹道的热传导数值计算,提出热防护方案,证明了探测方案的可行性。提出的大气密度测量方法可以为建立临近空间高精度大气密度模型提供参考。     

Maritime security and capacity building in the Gulf of Guinea: On comprehensiveness,gaps, and security priorities

It is widely acknowledged that maritime security in the Gulf of Guinea is a highly complex phenomenon involving a variety of issues (legal deficiencies, inadequate military equipment, and challenges like corruption, political unrest and youth unemployment) as well as a multiplicity of external responders. To make sense of the impact that external actors have when they address this complex problem through various maritime capacity building endeavours, this article argues that there is a need to understand the attractiveness of capacity building vis-à-vis the widely acknowledged need for a comprehensive approach, as well as the difficulties of translating the potential for comprehensiveness into practice (as important aspects of the problem remain largely unaddressed). Further, it is argued that it is important to appreciate that even if these gaps – i.e. the aspects that maritime capacity building currently leaves unaddressed – represent a ‘failure’ to deliver a comprehensive response, they are at the same time illustrative of how the maritime capacity building activities of various external actors also ‘succeed’ in having an impact on this regional security landscape – for instance, by influencing how certain aspects of this multifaceted problem are prioritised, whilst others are only marginally addressed, if at all.     

无标度网络上的队列资源重分配策略

在实际的通信系统中,由于物理条件的限制,每个节点都具有有限长度的队列。研究了在有限队列资源的条件下,队列资源对无标度数据流动力学的影响。提出了一种队列资源重分配策略,策略中节点的队列长度与节点的介数成正比。仿真结果表明,在无标度网络中使用最短路径路由的条件下,所提出的重分配策略可以有效地改进网络的容量。同时对有限队列资源条件下的网络容量进行了理论分析。     

有限时间热力学研究的一些进展

介绍近年来在不可逆热机理论、回热式燃气轮机循环分析、类热机装置分析和广义热力学优化理论研究中的一些进展 ,并简要阐述其发展方向 .     

在柴油机放热曲线计算中两个关键问题的解决方法

对影响柴油机放热曲线精度计算的因素进行了讨论 ,并对影响放热率计算的主要问题如动态上止点修正、示功图光顺处理两个主要环节进行了分析研究 ,提出了解决方法 .     

热边界层流动中管道的热损失

在高粘液体管道输送中,利用热边界层减阻需确定热流量的计算。热边界层流动中管道的各种热损失是总热流量的一部分。热损失有管内、管外及保温层三种形式。管外热损失是向周围的空气散发的,通过对流的形式发生。管内的热损失是导热或对流。保温层的热损失主要是导热。利用热边界层理论的成果,给出了各种传热系数和管道热损失的计算公式,并给出了多个计算实例。