21世纪无人机关键技术

无人机因其独特而优异的战术性能,在近几次现代局部战争中得到了越来越广泛的应用,执行的任务也越来越多。从未来无人机的军事需求及其战术性能入手,结合技术发展趋势和发展可行性,对未来无人机发展需要的一些关键技术进行了分析研究,这些关键技术对提高未来无人机的战术性能具有重要作用。     

Disruption management in production planning

We study the problem of recovering a production plan after a disruption, where the disruption may be caused by incidents such as power failure, market change, machine breakdown, supply shortage, worker no‐show, and others. The new recovery plan we seek after has to not only suit the changed environment brought about by the disruption, but also be close to the initial plan so as not to cause too much customer unsatisfaction or inconvenience for current‐stage and downstream operations. For the general‐cost case, we propose a dynamic programming method for the problem. For the convex‐cost case, a general problem which involves both cost and demand disruptions can be solved by considering the cost disruption first and then the demand disruption. We find that a pure demand disruption is easy to handle; and for a pure cost disruption, we propose a greedy method which is provably efficient. Our computational studies also reveal insights that will be helpful to managing disruptions in production planning. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

多媒体网络辅助英语教学模式中教师的作用

随着信息技术的迅猛发展,英语教学改革出现了新的契机。多媒体和网络以其形象化的表达方式,真实的语言环境,建构了开放的教学空间,优化了外语教学环境。这必然会引起外语教学从教材、教学方法、教学手段到整个教学过程的重大变革,大学英语教学模式也将随之发生深刻变化。如何适应这一变化,是教师应该重点考虑的问题。     

消防科学数字图书馆建设模式探析

消防科学数字图书馆建设模式研究是消防科学数字图书馆的基础性工作。从消防科学数字图书馆建设模式研究的目的意义、指导原则和研究内容出发,论述了应如何建立消防科学数字图书馆的建设模式。     

地方高校图书馆主动服务对军校图书馆的启示——对全国15所重点高校图书馆网站的调查与分析

从图书馆主动服务的理念入手,探讨利用网络开展主动服务的可能性,并结合对全国15所重点高校图书馆网站和实践开展的多种主动服务方式进行调查统计,分析总结其特点,由此得出对军校图书馆开展主动服务的启示。     

直接侧向力与气动力复合控制技术综述

基于直接侧向力与气动力复合控制的高精度快响应制导控制技术是新一代大气层内飞行器精确制导的核心技术,具有强烈的军事需求和广泛的应用背景.直接侧向力/气动力复合控制是指通过导弹侧喷发动机(或喷嘴)所产生的直接侧向力与气动力的共同作用,产生复合力,对导弹进行复合控制,实现大幅度提高导弹快速响应能力和机动能力的控制方式.     

建构主义理论对高校普通心理学教学模式改革的启示

教师教学不能只给学生灌输知识,而应该引导学生用自己的头脑来建构知识。建构主义理论正是基于此,提出了合作学习、支架式教学等方式,并取得良好成效,从而成为了"教育心理学的一场变革"。本文在阐述建构主义理论的学习观和教学观的基础上,重点探讨这场革命中提出的新观点和新理念对于高校普通心理学教学模式以及教学方法的启示,以期能够在普通心理学的实际教学中找到新突破,提高学生的学习效果和教师的教学效果。     

基于信息系统体系作战装备保障方式变革探析

为提高基于信息系统体系作战装备保障能力,探索了装备保障方式变革问题。首先分析了装备保障方式变革的基本依据和要求,在此基础上确定了装备保障方式变革的目标定位,即基于信息系统的一体化随需应变保障,并从保障主体、保障对象、保障内容、保障职能、供应模式、管理模式和维修模式7个方面阐述了装备保障方式变革的表现形式,为我军基于信息系统体系作战装备保障建设发展提供了理论依据。     

一种适用于拦截高速目标的末段导引律

基于在视线坐标系中的导弹-目标相对运动模型,以控制导弹-目标视线角速度趋于零为基本思想,设计了一种末制导律,用于拦截高超声速目标。以脱靶量和能量消耗为约束条件,以目标无机动时有很好的性能为目的,首先设计了最优制导律;然后,基于滑模控制理论,选择合适的滑模趋近律,对所设计的最优制导律进行改进得到最优滑模制导律;用李雅普诺夫理论证明了该制导律的稳定性,分析了该制导律参数选择条件。仿真结果表明,与最优制导律相比,所设计的制导律对目标机动有较强的鲁棒性,能以直接碰撞的方式拦截高超声速目标。     

Partial equilibrium in risk‐based production decisions

Characteristically, a small subset of operational problems admit risk neutrality when contingent claims methodology were used in their analysis. That is, for the majority of manufacturing and production problems, operating cash flows are not directly linked to prices of traded assets. However, to the extent that correlations can be estimated, the methodology's applicability to a broader set of operational problems is supported. Our article addresses this issue with the objective of extending the use of contingent claims techniques to a larger set of operational problems. In broad terms, this objective entails a partial equilibrium approach to the problem of valuing uncertain cash flows. To this end, we assume risk aversion and cast our approach within Merton's intertemporal capital asset pricing model. In this context, we formulate a “generic” production valuation model that is framed as an exercise in stochastic optimal control. The model is versatile in its characterization and can easily be adapted to accommodate a wide‐ranging set of risk‐based operational problems where the underlying sources of uncertainty are not traded. To obtain results, the model is recast as a stochastic dynamic program to be solved numerically. The article addresses a number of fundamental issues in the analysis risk based decision problems in operations. First, in the approach provided, decisions are analyzed under a properly defined risk structure. Second, the process of analysis leads to suitably adjusted probability distributions through which, appropriately discounted expectations are derived. Third, through consolidating existing concepts into a standard and adaptable framework, we extend the applicability of contingent claims methodology to a broader set of operational problems. The approach is advantageous as it obviates the need for exogenously specifying utility functions or discount rates.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011