Recent progress on transition metal oxides and carbon-supported transition metal oxides as catalysts for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

As a main oxidizer in solid composite propellants, ammonium perchlorate (AP) plays an important role because its thermal decomposition behavior has a direct influence on the characteristic of solid com-posite propellants. To improve the performance of solid composite propellant, it is necessary to take measures to modify the thermal decomposition behavior of AP. In recent years, transition metal oxides and carbon-supported transition metal oxides have drawn considerable attention due to their extraor-dinary catalytic activity. In this review, we highlight strategies to enhance the thermal decomposition of AP by tuning morphology, varying the types of metal ion, and coupling with carbon analogue. The enhanced catalytic performance can be ascribed to synergistic effect, increased surface area, more exposed active sites, and accelerated electron transportation and so on. The mechanism of AP decom-position mixed with catalyst has also been briefly summarized. Finally, a conclusive outlook and possible research directions are suggested to address challenges such as lacking practical application in actual formulation of solid composite propellant and batch manufacturing.     

Insensitive energetic microspheres DAAF/RDX fabricated by facile molecular self-assembly

Insensitive energetic materials are promising in the defense weapons field. However, energetic materials still suffer from great challenges and the concern about their safety limits their utilization. In this work, insensitive energetic explosive 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-azoxyfurazan/hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (DAAF/RDX) microspheres were fabricated by self-assembly method. Rod-like DAAF/RDX was prepared by mechanical ball milling for comparison. DAAF/RDX composites with different mass ratios (90:10, 80:20, and 70:30) were obtained. The morphologies and structures of as-obtained DAAF/RDX composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results showed that DAAF/RDX microspheres exhibited regular shaped microspheres with sizes from 0.5 to 1.2 μm. There was no crystal transition during the modification process. The thermal properties of as-obtained materials were then evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and materials studio software. DAAF/RDX microspheres showed an advanced decomposition peak temperature compared with rod-like DAAF/RDX. The binding energy and peak temperature values at zero β_i (T_P0) of DAAF/RDX (90:10) increased by 36.77 kJ/mol, 1.6 °C, and 58.11 kJ/mol, 12.3 °C compared to DAAF/RDX (80:20) and DAAF/RDX (70:30), indicating the better thermal stability of DAAF/RDX (90:10). The characteristic drop height (H₅₀) of DAAF/RDX (higher than 100 cm) composites was higher than that of raw RDX (25 cm), suggesting significant improvements in mechanical safety. The preparation of DAAF/RDX microspheres is promising for the desensitization of RDX and useful for the formation of other materials and future wide applications.     

Preparation and characterization of HMX/EVA/hBNNSs micro-composites with improved thermal stability and reduced sensitivity

Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets(HBNNSs)have huge potential in the field of coating materials owing to their remarkable chemical stability,mechanical strength and thermal conductivity.Thin-layer hBNNSs were obtained by a liquid-phase exfoliation of h-BN powders and incorporated into EVA coatings for improving the safety performance of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane(HMX).HBNNSs and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA)were introduced to HMX by a solvent-slurry process.For com-parison,the HMX/EVA and HMX/EVA/graphene(HMX/EVA/G)composites were also prepared by a similar process.The morphology,crystal form,surface element distribution,thermal decomposition property and impact sensitivity of HMX/EVA/hBNNSs composites were contrastively investigated.Results showed that as prepared HMX/EVA/hBNNSs composites were well coated with hBNNSs and EVA,and exhibited better thermal stability and lower impact sensitivity than that of HMX/EVA and HMX/EVA/G composites,suggesting superior performance of desensitization of hBNNSs in explosives.     

AGWN信道中相关干扰对JTIDS接收机干扰效果分析

相关干扰是目前研究的对抗联合战术信息分发系统(JTIDS)比较有效的干扰样式,文中主要针对相关干扰对JTIDS接收机的干扰效果问题进行了深入研究。在建立了AGWN信道中相关干扰下JTIDS接收机模型的基础上,推导了接收机输出误比特率公式,并通过仿真和分析,得到了不同信噪比条件下接收机的最佳检测门限值以及误比特率与干信比的关系曲线,最后研究了干扰频偏对干扰效果的影响。研究表明,相关干扰对JTIDS接收机有着良好的干扰效果,并且对干扰频偏敏感。     

连续波对某数字电路的辐照效应实验研究

在GTEM室中用正弦连续波对某导弹装备上的1块数字控制电路进行电磁辐照,在30 V/m的场强下,引入的电磁骚扰还未导致被监测的与非门产生错误反转时,产生控制信号的自激多谐振荡器却受到了严重的电磁干扰。用计算机对此干扰进行仿真分析,并最后提出方波控制信号产生电路的电磁加固措施。     

论管理者权力性非权力性影响力

管理是对部属施加影响以实现组织目标的过程。在这一过程中,无不体现着管理者权力性和非权力性的影响力。权力性影响力是由上级赋予管理者的职务、地位、权力等构成的;非权力性影响力是一种不依靠权力,而凭借个人的品德、才能、学识、情感、威信等而产生的一种影响他人,支配部属的力量。管理者应着力提高非权力性的影响力。     

谈增强部队思想政治教育的实效性

思想政治教育是坚持党对军队绝对领导的根本性、基础性工作,是加强军队各项建设、完成各项任务的中心环节,是增强部队凝聚力、提高战斗力的重要保证。新世纪新阶段,部队思想政治教育面临新形势、新情况、新问题,应不断探索新途径、新方法、新对策,以增强思想政治教育的实效性。     

互联网对未成年人思想观念的影响与对策

互联网对未成年人思想观念的影响是巨大的,它的影响是双重性的。本文分析了互联网对未成年人思想观念影响的有利因素和不利因素,提出相应的对策,在给予未成年人良好的网络环境的情况下,让互联网成为培养未成年人思想素质的有利工具。     

油脂的导电特性与新型水分快速检测方法

研究了油脂在无线电频率范围内的导电特性,发现了油脂的导电浴盆效应,提出了一种新的油脂水分快速检测方法,研制了相应的仪器。仪器已在我国粮油行业推广使用,解决了长期以来油脂现场水分快速、准确测量的难题。     

核动力装置主系统对蒸汽发生器给水流量的动态响应

本文把集总参数法用于堆芯、一回路和二回路,导出了主系统对蒸汽发生器给水流量丧失的动态方程组及其解析解,非常适用于运行监督性快速计算。