基于PSO-RBF神经网络的雷达目标识别

为提高雷达系统目标识别能力,对粒子群算法及RBF神经网络进行了分析。针对离子群算法(PSO)易陷入局部极小的缺陷,提出了基于自适应时变权重和局部搜索算子的改进PSO算法,并将该算法应用到RBF神经网络核函数参数的优化学习中,进行了雷达目标识别仿真实验。仿真结果表明,相对于标准PSO-RBF神经网络,改进算法不仅收敛速度快,且误差精度高,特别在干扰较强时,目标的识别率有较大提高。     

Resistance of grid steel-tube-confined concrete targets against projectile impact: Experimental investigation and analytical engineering model

Steel-tube-confined concrete (STCC) targets are provided with excellent anti-penetration performance over semi-infinite concrete (SIC) targets since the steel tube imposes passive restraint on the in-filled concrete during the penetration process. Grid STCC system with square steel tubes is a potential solution to protective structures. In this paper, experiments of 9-cell grid STCC targets penetrated by 12.7 mm Armor Piercing Projectile (APP) were performed. The influence of side length and thickness of steel tube, steel ratio and impact velocity on anti-penetration performance were taken into account. Additionally, single-cell square STCC targets were also designed and tested for comparison with the 9-cell grid STCC targets. Damage modes and parameters of the tested targets were measured and discussed. Moreover, the stiffness of radial confinement of grid STCC targets is achieved according to the elastic solution of infinite cylindrical shell in Winkler medium. Furthermore, the penetration resistance and depth of penetration (DOP) for grid STCC targets are obtained on the basis of the dynamic finite spherical cavity-expansion (FSCE) models including radial confinement effect. It is shown that the 9-cell grid STCC targets with optimal dimension match of thickness and side length of steel tube can reduce the DOP by about 17 % and 23 % in comparison with the SIC targets and single-cell square STCC targets, respectively, due to both the confinement of square steel tube to concrete in the impacted cell and the additional confinement of the surrounding cells to the impacted cell; the penetration resistance and DOP of the grid and cellular STCC targets with similar steel ratio is close, and thus the grid STCC targets with simpler manufacturing process and excellent in-plane expandability are preferred in engineering practice; moreover, the predicted results of DOP model based on the FSCE models agree well with the tested results with the maximum disparity less than 12 % and the proposed model is more applicable to the grid and cellular STCC targets with high radial confinement.     

A pixel-level local contrast measure for infrared small target detection

Infrared (IR) small target detection is one of the key technologies of infrared search and track (IRST) systems. Existing methods have some limitations in detection performance, especially when the target size is irregular or the background is complex. In this paper, we propose a pixel-level local contrast measure (PLLCM), which can subdivide small targets and backgrounds at pixel level simultaneously. With pixel-level segmentation, the difference between the target and the background becomes more obvious, which helps to improve the detection performance. First, we design a multiscale sliding window to quickly extract candidate target pixels. Then, a local window based on random walker (RW) is designed for pixel-level target segmentation. After that, PLLCM incorporating probability weights and scale constraints is proposed to accurately measure local contrast and suppress various types of background interference. Finally, an adaptive threshold operation is applied to separate the target from the PLLCM enhanced map. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate than the baseline algorithms, while achieving a high speed.     

角度闪烁干扰对地空导弹火力拦截能力的影响

角度闪烁干扰对地空导弹火力拦截能力的影响,是电子对抗部队迫切需要解决却又缺乏系统研究的难题。为解决这一难点问题,首先在研究杀伤区纵深和掩护扇区受干扰变化的基础上,分析了双机闪烁干扰对地空导弹射击目标脱靶量及射击次数的影响,然后建立了角度闪烁干扰条件下地空导弹对目标的合成杀伤概率计算模型,最后通过算例验证模型的有效性,得出了具有实用价值的结论,可为空袭作战中作战效能评估提供参考。     

弹载北斗抗干扰天线系统分析与设计

首先分析了弹载北斗导航系统接收机抗干扰天线系统的军事需求,确立了总体设计方案,然后详细分析了硬件平台方案选择和软件算法技术实现方案,并进行了相关的比较和仿真,得出了一些有益的结论。该结论可为研究和设计基于北斗导航的抗干扰天线系统提供有益的参考。     

时间距离像消隐时弹头进动与结构参数估计

考虑弹道目标时间距离像存在消隐现象,提出了一种弹道目标微距离变化曲线断续时进动与结构参数提取方法。首先,建立了弹道中段目标宽带回波模型,推导了散射中心微距离变化曲线理论公式;其次,提取了时间距离像中各散射中心的微距离变化曲线,据此提出采用选点方法实现目标进动频率和平动参数联合估计,完成了弹道目标时间距离像的平动补偿;最后,利用扩展Hough变换方法进行补偿后断续微距离变化曲线的检测,基于各散射中心间的相对位置信息实现了弹道目标的结构参数提取。电磁仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于贝叶斯原理的放大转发中继联合信道估计

在贝叶斯原理的框架下,依据放大转发中继联合信道等价于两段瑞利信道相叠加的特征,将其概率密度分布这一先验知识与接收端的训练序列相结合,得到了最小均方和最大后验两种估计方法。由于两种方法的准确贝叶斯CRB难以求解获得闭合表达式,从最大熵原理出发,结合复高斯分布性质,推导了MLE准则下的CRB相对应的近似贝叶斯CRB,以衡量不同方法的估计精度。仿真结果表明相比于原有的MLE方法,最大后验估计方法在低信噪比下性能改善明显。     

方位多相位中心SAR信号重建误差分析

就方位多相位中心(Azimuth Multiple-Phase-Center,AMPC)合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)系统的阵列误差对信号重建性能的影响进行分析。将阵列误差建模为随机过程,结合最小二乘(Least-Square,LS)算法,推导了AMPC SAR误差功率谱的解析表达式,进而得到了AMPC SAR的信噪比与方位模糊比的解析表达式。仿真实验验证了理论分析的正确性。分析指出,随着系统脉冲重复频率的升高,有必要通过减小重建系数以实现重建性能的提升。分析方法与结果对AMPC SAR系统设计以及图像质量预估提供有效支撑。     

近似平面场景多视点图像拼接算法

以小型无人机对地观测为应用背景,研究了近似平面场景多视点图像拼接问题。对于已知粗略相机位姿的情况,提出一种融合相机位姿信息和图像特征点对应信息的方法,采用直接稀疏Cholesky分解方法求解拼接全局优化问题。由该方法得到的拼接结果没有全局变形,局部拼接误差也得到了明显的改善。对于相机位姿未知的情况,先采用structure-from-motion(SFM)方法恢复相机姿态和场景稀疏结构信息,再采用稀疏全局调整方法获得最终的图像变换参数。通过沙盘图像和真实的航拍图像拼接实验验证了算法的有效性。