用非概率理论分析混合不确定性结构的可靠性

针对不确定性结构可靠性分析中的输入变量分布参数具有不确定性和输入变量为区间模型的混合不确定性结构展开研究。考虑到可用信息最少的情况,将分布参数的不确定性描述为区间模型。通过等概率转换方法将随机变量与其分布参数进行分离,使问题转化为随机与区间变量混合的可靠性问题,建立了混合不确定性问题的可靠性分析模型。基于非概率可靠性理论,建立混合不确定结构分析模型的二级极限状态函数并结合Kriging代理模型建立了高效的求解方法。将所建立的混合不确定模型应用于飞行器结构的不确定性分析中,验证了所建模型的合理性和所提方法的高效性和准确性。     

基于旋量方法的高超声速飞行器三维非线性伪最优制导律设计

针对高超声速飞行器制导过程中的通道耦合问题,设计一种基于旋量方法的三维非线性伪最优制导律。引入角度矢量、视线旋量、视线旋量速度等概念,通过等价性证明,得出视线旋量、视线旋量速度控制分别与视线方位、视线角速度控制具有一致性的结论,从而将制导问题转化为视线旋量和旋量速度的控制问题;基于旋量方法构建弹目视线旋量、视线旋量速度模型,构建得到飞行器制导的三维非线性模型;为避免直接求解Riccati微分方程过程的复杂性,引入伪控制变量,将三维非线性制导模型转化为线性制导模型;分别针对无终端约束和有终端约束情况,基于二次型最优方法得到三维非线性伪最优制导律。该制导律避免了通道解耦,其制导参数又满足一定物理意义下的最优性。仿真结果验证了所设计制导律的有效性。     

考虑弹体动态特性的机动效率约束导引律

针对考虑交会角和过载约束导引律在大机动时能量损失大的问题,提出一种考虑导弹机动效率的多约束制导律。应用最优二次型原理推导出考虑一阶弹体延迟的时变导引系数闭环次优制导形式,将导弹机动时刻阻力系数引入时变权系数,并通过迭代确定机动效率约束边界。将时变约束表示成剩余时间与弹体延迟时间的函数,代入制导指令,进行弹道仿真。结果表明,对于常值与机动目标,文中制导律与过载约束导引律同只考虑交会角约束的导引律相比,对目标均能实现末端弹道成型要求,而考虑机动效率的制导指令分配更为合理,在避免指令加速度饱和的同时有效降低了拦截末端速度损耗,提高制导精度与毁伤效果。且该制导律中时变权系数无须配平求解,在保证精度的同时极大地提高了迭代速度。     

Bivariate models from univariate life distributions: A characterization cum modeling approach

Bivariate life distribution models are of importance for studying interdependent components. We present a generic approach by introducing a new concept of characterized model in stead of a characterized distribution. It strikes a balance between characterization and modeling approaches to eliminate their individual limitations and incorporate their respective strengths. The proposed model, being a characterized one, admits many important properties irrespective of the choice of marginal distributions. The retention of univariate IFR, DFR, IFRA, DFRA, NBU, and NWU class properties in the bivariate setup has been ensured along with some results on series combinations and convolution. No other models, available in the literature, can ensure simultaneous retention of these fundamental and extremely important class properties. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

Exact likelihood inference for the exponential distribution under generalized Type‐I and Type‐II hybrid censoring

Chen and Bhattacharyya [Exact confidence bounds for an exponential parameter under hybrid censoring, Commun Statist Theory Methods 17 (1988), 1857–1870] considered a hybrid censoring scheme and obtained the exact distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of the mean of an exponential distribution along with an exact lower confidence bound. Childs et al. [Exact likelihood inference based on Type‐I and Type‐II hybrid censored samples from the exponential distribution, Ann Inst Statist Math 55 (2003), 319–330] recently derived an alternative simpler expression for the distribution of the MLE. These authors also proposed a new hybrid censoring scheme and derived similar results for the exponential model. In this paper, we propose two generalized hybrid censoring schemes which have some advantages over the hybrid censoring schemes already discussed in the literature. We then derive the exact distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator as well as exact confidence intervals for the mean of the exponential distribution under these generalized hybrid censoring schemes. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

R-C系统中由表面散射引起的视场内杂散光分布

推导了R-C系统焦平面上由主镜和次镜表面散射引起的视场内杂散光分布的近似解析表达式.针对典型R-C系统的视场内杂散光分布,由近似表达式得到的计算结果与利用商业光学仿真软件得到的模拟结果具有较好的一致性,说明了近似表达式的正确性.与焦平面上无像差衍射光分布相比较,可以方便地分析强光入射时R-C系统焦平面上不同区域的饱和机制.研究结果表明,对于典型的R-C系统,探测器表面上以几何像点为中心,半径为2.5mm的范围内,衍射光是引起探测器饱和的主要因素;在此范围外,表面散射造成探测器的饱和.该结果为进一步研究强光饱和实验,解释有关现象提供理论分析基础.     

A spatial rank‐based multivariate EWMA control chart

Nonparametric control charts are useful in statistical process control when there is a lack of or limited knowledge about the underlying process distribution, especially when the process measurement is multivariate. This article develops a new multivariate self‐starting methodology for monitoring location parameters. It is based on adapting the multivariate spatial rank to on‐line sequential monitoring. The weighted version of the rank‐based test is used to formulate the charting statistic by incorporating the exponentially weighted moving average control scheme. It is robust to non‐normally distributed data, easy to construct, fast to compute and also very efficient in detecting multivariate process shifts, especially small or moderate shifts which occur when the process distribution is heavy‐tailed or skewed. As it avoids the need for a lengthy data‐gathering step before charting and it does not require knowledge of the underlying distribution, the proposed control chart is particularly useful in start‐up or short‐run situations. A real‐data example from white wine production processes shows that it performs quite well. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 59: 91–110, 2012     

静止条件下多种轨道-电枢形状的轨道炮电流分布仿真

针对等轨道截面、等炮口截面、等长度、等材料和等电流8种典型的轨道-电枢结构,在电枢速度为0 m／s的情况下,采用Ansoftl 2有限元分析软件,仿真分析电流分布特征,得到：矩形截面轨道一长方体结构电枢的轨道炮有最不均匀的电流分布特征,电流主要分布在轨道外表面和电枢后部凹表面,并且分别对应于趋肤效应和电流短路径聚集现象,跑道形截面的轨道一回转体结构电枢的轨道炮有最均匀的电流密度分布．     

破片对军用方舱的冲击毁伤效应研究

基于薄板的极限穿透速度及破片穿透薄板的余速理论,就破片对军用方舱的冲击毁伤效应进行深入分析．通过理论计算,得到圆柱形破片穿透方舱后的剩余速度．在AUTODYN中构建模型,对圆柱形破片穿透方舱的过程进行数值模拟,其结果表明,数值模拟结果与理论计算的误差较小,证明该模型的可靠性．     

小户型公寓设计与分析

公寓房是我军住房保障体系的重要组成部分,其中又以小户型公寓房为主体,加强小户型公寓的设计研究对提高其保障效能具有现实意义。解读军队公寓住房建筑设计方案竞赛一等奖作品,指出小户型公寓采用一梯两户多层的形式在营造营区环境、降低建筑全寿命费用、改善室内舒适度等方面具有比较优势;应合理分配小户型公寓房面积,适当提高卫浴和厨房所占面积比例,控制客厅和卧室规模;应在门厅空间布局与卫浴空间分室设置、储藏空间多样化、布置多用途小空间、管井集中出户等方面提高设计的精细化程度。