From one exceptionalism to another: France’s strategic relations with the United States and the United Kingdom in the post-Cold War era

ABSTRACT

The failed expedition of Suez in 1956 and France’s subsequent strategic ‘divorce’ from the United Kingdom and the United States lies at the heart of a policy paradigm that has dictated France’s defence posture from de Gaulle’s presidency to the end of the Cold War. Some crucial features of the Gaullist posture remain today enduring references for French presidents in the definition of France’s exceptionalism. While it is so, there have been significant changes since the 1990s when it comes to France’s strategic relations with the United States and the United Kingdom. This article demonstrates the extent and mechanisms of this rapprochement by analysing it through three dimensions of policy change: modes of action, institutional commitments and discourses. The article demonstrates the dimensions’ mutually reinforcing effects and argues that France’s exceptional posture has de facto been reversed.     

基于粗糙集理论的防空C~3I系统目标威胁度综合评判

目标威胁度的估计是防空C3I系统中辅助决策的基础,各个威胁因素权系数的确定历来缺乏严格的数学基础。针对此问题,提出应用粗糙集理论,对空防对抗中各种威胁因素的原始数据进行挖掘,利用其求得各项威胁因素的属性的重要度,进行权值化处理,使得各项威胁因素权系数的确定有效克服了传统方法的主观性,使得各项权系数的确定更具客观性,提高威胁度估计的准确性。     

Properties of some stochastic orders: A unified study

The notions of the likelihood ratio order of degree s (s ≥ 0) are introduced for both continuous and discrete integer‐valued random variables. The new orders for s = 0, 1, and 2 correspond to the likelihood ratio, hazard rate, and mean residual life orders. We obtain some basic properties of the new orders and their up shifted stochastic orders, and derive some closure properties of them. Such a study is meaningful because it throws an important light on the understanding of the properties of the likelihood ratio, hazard rate, and mean residual life orders. On the other hand, the properties of the new orders have potential applications. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

近期局部战争对陆军防空作战的启示

分析了近期几次局部战争空中袭击的变化发展,概述了当前空中威胁目标的发展趋势,给出了对未来陆军防空作战的启示。     

Claude Blair 1922–2010

Abstract

The historic displays at the Tower Armouries underwent two significant rearrangements during the nineteenth century. Undertaken by two noted antiquarian scholars, Dr Samuel Meyrick in 1826 and James Robertson Planché in 1868, the underlying circumstances that led up to these developments have not been fully considered; neither has the role played by the Storekeeper’s Department at the Tower in this process. Yet at precisely the same time as these changes were being made the Storekeeper’s Department was becoming more expert in its own collections, acquiring new objects, conducting research, and playing an active part in the scholarly and museological developments of Victorian Britain.     

防空C3I系统作战效能评估

为了更好地认识防空C3I在现代防空作战中的作用,了解我军防空C3I的作战效能,立足我军防空C3I装备现状,根据其技术性能及作战使用方法,依托已有研究成果,采取新的研究思想,运用WSEIAC法评估了防空C3I的作战效能.这种评估思想紧贴防空作战的实际,最大限度地衡量了防空C3I在作战中的性能发挥程度,对今后进行深入的研究发展,具有一定的参考价值.     

196单片机在火控计算机中的应用

火控输出机是介于雷达和火炮之间的重要环节,在系统规定周期内,通过共享存贮器接收主机送来的位置和速度以及加速度数字量.完成数据插值、粗精分离.输出机在插值输出时与主机同步,并设计两种复位信号标志,手动复位和加电复位,使软件根据复位标志判断是否使火炮归零.火控输出机在火控系统中担当重要角色,它可根据火控主机解算后传输来的数据准确将火炮定位.     

2002年巡航导弹防御系统发展回顾

以2002年为背景,回顾了美、俄等国在对巡航导弹防御系统研究上所做的工作。通过对已研型号积极进行巡航导弹拦截试验,在研型号想方设法提高其反巡航导弹等能力,积极探索新概念武器提高反巡航导弹的能力,指出通过不断努力和开发,对巡航导弹的防御必将上一个新台阶。     

“三个代表”重要思想与社会主义文化建设

党的十六大报告把发展社会主义文化,建设社会主义精神文明,确定为全面建设小康社会的一个重要目标,体现了我们党对文化建设的高度重视。要深刻认识文化建设的战略意义。牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向,用“三个代表”重要思想统领社会主义文化建设。     

防空导弹武器系统探测拦截低空飞行器模型

在分析了防空导弹武器系统探测和拦截低空飞行器影响因素的基础上,建立了在综合考虑雷达散射面积、飞行高度、阵地遮蔽角和电磁干扰环境下,防空导弹武器系统对低空飞行器的探测和拦截模型,为防空作战方案的仿真论证、防空武器的火力分配方案生成提供依据.实际使用证明,该模型贴近实战,可信度高.