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Consider a supplier offering a product to several potential demand sources, each with a unique revenue, size, and probability that it will materialize. Given a long procurement lead time, the supplier must choose the orders to pursue and the total quantity to procure prior to the selling season. We model this as a selective newsvendor problem of maximizing profits where the total (random) demand is given by the set of pursued orders. Given that the dimensionality of a mixed‐integer linear programming formulation of the problem increases exponentially with the number of potential orders, we develop both a tailored exact algorithm based on the L‐shaped method for two‐stage stochastic programming as well as a heuristic method. We also extend our solution approach to account for piecewise‐linear cost and revenue functions as well as a multiperiod setting. Extensive experimentation indicates that our exact approach rapidly finds optimal solutions with three times as many orders as a state‐of‐the‐art commercial solver. In addition, our heuristic approach provides average gaps of less than 1% for the largest problems that can be solved exactly. Observing that the gaps decrease as problem size grows, we expect the heuristic approach to work well for large problem instances. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008 相似文献
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防空兵群阵地选择是防空兵力部署的前提条件,阵地选择与配置的正确与否是防空兵部队能否有效进行抗击敌空袭兵器的一个重要因素.在分析以往防空阵地优选方法不足的基础上,提出了基于改进的层次分析与集对分析的多因素优选方法,建立了防空兵群配置地域方案优选的模型.通过实例分析了影响防空兵群阵地选择的相关因素,确定了配置地域优选的指标体系,用三标度法确定指标因素的权重,以相对贴近度的大小对待选阵地进行优选和排序.该方法能够定性与定量相结合,模型简单规范,为防空兵群阵地优选提供了一种有效的方法和途径. 相似文献
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分析了潜艇作战方案的优选实质是一个模糊多属性的群决策过程,建立了模糊多属性群决策的一般模型,介绍了一种以模糊理想解与模糊负理想解同时作为参照基准,以海明距离作为测度工具,以相对贴近度作为衡量标准的模糊折衷型多属性群决策方法,应用实例表明此方法可行有效。 相似文献
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Olive Emil Wetter 《Defense & Security Analysis》2014,30(2):92-105
In terrorism research, three different sources of information and data exist: the terrorists and their environment; the incidents; and the population. This article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of research that is concerned with, or relies on, any of the mentioned sources. An in-depth understanding of the methodological issues that come with these sources is important to correctly interpret results from scientific studies. It is highlighted how the different scientific approaches add to a holistic view of terrorism as a phenomenon. Furthermore, the double-edged sword of information in the field of terrorism is discussed. From these deliberations, guidance concerning the future work of both scholars and decision-makers can be deducted. 相似文献
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总结论述了美国和英法国家的飞机电磁弹系统工程化应用研制的发展状况,综述了电磁弹射用直线电机的方案选型设计、仿真技术、性能优化和控制方法等方面的关键技术和研究现状,针对电磁弹射技术的发展前景和应用给出了相关建议,为国内电磁弹射相关技术的发展提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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辛越 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2014,(7):31-34
2012年9月颁布的《联合国维和警察防暴队行动能力评估标准作业程序》对联合国防暴队甄选及行动能力评估的组织、实施程序、考查标准等方面都进行了较大的调整。从联合国维和警察防暴队甄选标准作业程序的改革入手,以考试为突破口和着眼点,研究程序的改革对维和警察防暴队培训的影响,制定应对策略,以时维和培训工作具有指导作用和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于灰色关联投影法的空中加油机驻场选址评价方法,分析了空中加油机驻场选址影响因素,设计了评价指标体系,并运用熵值理论客观赋权,构建了加权灰色关联决策矩阵。通过比较备选方案与理想方案灰色关联投影角,根据灰色关联投影值对备选方案进行优劣排序。算例分析结果符合现实场站选择条件,说明该方法能够有效解决空中加油机驻场选址问题。 相似文献
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本文研究了雷达目标识别过程中关于目标的编码、分类特征的提取与选择等问题。提出了利用极小极大原则从频域中获取目标特征系数的方法,论述了它的数学框架以及寻求最佳解的算法步骤。利用实测的目标散射数据进行试验研究,结果表明了本文理论的正确性及其方法的有效性。 相似文献