测控站布局对区域卫星导航系统的影响

建立区域卫星导航系统的测控网是卫星导航系统要解决的关键问题之一。讨论国内测控站的布设问题,采用网格计算方法分析国内测控站对导航星座的可观测性。引入位置精度衰减因子PDOP和定轨中的法矩阵条件数,分析测控网对导航星座的观测几何结构强度以及测站位置分布对轨道确定精度的影响,仿真结果表明,利用我国有限的国土跨度和航天测控资源可以确保对导航卫星的测控任务的完成。对在国外布设测控站进行讨论和仿真,结果说明位于国外的测控站(如可在澳大利亚的珀斯设站)的加入能明显改善观测的几何结构强度、提高导航卫星的轨道精度。     

星载SAR对舰船高分辨成像研究

研究了星载SAR对舰船高分辨成像的难度和方法。在星载SAR舰船数据获取模型的基础上,着重分析了舰船航行以及船体在特定海情时三维转动对星载SAR成像的影响,研究了星载SAR舰船数据的ISAR成像方法,并给出成像算法流程,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于矩阵乘法的高速卫星成形滤波器的FPGA实现

根据高速8PSK卫星调制器的要求,针对数字化基带成形滤波的信号处理特点,文中提出一种基于矩阵乘法的高速卫星成形滤波器设计方法及基于查找表的硬件实现方案。该方法将成形滤波直接抽象为矩阵乘法的运算,将多个卷积相乘项相加后再量化,减少了量化次数,提高了量化信噪比。用片内的BLOCK-RAM精心设计查找表,在8万门的芯片VIRTEX2-80中就能实现此方案。MODELSIM的时序仿真结果表明,可支持高达200Mbps的输入数据,满足卫星通信高速成形的要求,并针对未来更高速率的成形滤波器给出了一种通用硬件实现方法。     

Selling to strategic and loss‐averse consumers: Stocking,procurement, and product design policies

Motivated by the presence of loss‐averse decision making behavior in practice, this article considers a supply chain consisting of a firm and strategic consumers who possess an S‐shaped loss‐averse utility function. In the model, consumers decide the purchase timing and the firm chooses the inventory level. We find that the loss‐averse consumers' strategic purchasing behavior is determined by their perceived gain and loss from strategic purchase delay, and the given rationing risk. Thus, the firm that is cognizant of this property tailors its inventory stocking policy based on the consumers' loss‐averse behavior such as their perceived values of gain and loss, and their sensitivity to them. We also demonstrate that the firm's equilibrium inventory stocking policy reflects both the economic logic of the traditional newsvendor inventory model, and the loss‐averse behavior of consumers. The equilibrium order quantity is significantly different from those derived from models that assume that the consumers are risk neutral and homogeneous in their valuations. We show that the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior tends to keep an unnecessarily high inventory level that leads to excessive leftovers. Our numerical experiments further reveal that in some extreme cases the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior generates almost 92% more leftovers than the firm that possesses consumers’ loss‐aversion information and takes it into account when making managerial decisions. To mitigate the consumer's forward‐looking behavior, we propose the adoption of the practice of agile supply chain management, which possesses the following attributes: (i) procuring inventory after observing real‐time demand information, (ii) enhanced design (which maintains the current production mix but improves the product performance to a higher level), and (iii) customized design (which maintains the current performance level but increases the variety of the current production line to meet consumers’ specific demands). We show that such a practice can induce the consumer to make early purchases by increasing their rationing risk, increasing the product value, or diversifying the product line. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 435–453, 2015     

载波相位辅助的卫星导航天线阵抗干扰算法

针对卫星导航接收机的抗干扰问题,提出一种基于载波相位辅助的卫星导航天线阵抗干扰算法。该算法进行盲零陷形成的同时利用各阵元通道输出信号的载波相位辅助来进行盲波束形成,并通过控制算法实现智能切换。仿真结果表明,提出的算法在干扰环境且接收机冷启动的条件下仍能成功抑制干扰、正常运行,在无干扰或弱干扰条件下能进行波束形成来增强卫星信号,从而提高卫星可见性以及定位精度。提出的算法不需要姿态测量单元辅助且对阵元幅相不一致引起的导向矢量误差不敏感,其实现代价远小于传统的波束形成算法。     

导弹预警卫星对助推段导弹的探测能力建模

导弹预警卫星在导弹防御体系中处在最前沿,在导弹的早期预警中起着其他装备无法替代的作用。分析了导弹预警卫星的工作原理与作战流程,从覆盖范围、最大探测距离以及检测概率3个方面对导弹预警卫星的探测能力进行了数学建模,并利用所建模型分析了美国导弹预警卫星的探测能力,为导弹预警卫星的探测能力评估奠定了理论基础。     

基于GPU的SAR成像层次化并行处理研究

针对SAR成像处理具有的内在并行性,提出了一种基于GPU的SAR成像层次化并行处理方法。首先分析了SAR成像处理过程中信号的并行性,对任务进行了层次化分解与组合,设计了层次化并行的CS成像算法;然后通过CUDA编程将并行成像算法映射到CPU+GPUs系统平台上,实现了层次化并行成像处理;为了检验并行处理效果,采用原始数据进行了SAR成像处理实验。实验结果表明,在几乎没有损失图像质量的情况下,层次化并行处理获得了较高的加速比。     

机械设备非平稳噪声成像研究

针对实际机械设备噪声的非平稳特征带来的成像问题,采用总体经验模态分解(EEMD)方法对噪声信号进行分离,从而获取噪声的非平稳特点;利用高密度传感器阵列,采用近场声全息(NAH)与波束形成(Beamforming)相结合的方法实现瞬态成像。结果表明:使用该方法能够获得非平稳声场空间分布的动态特征,实现对实际机械设备噪声的有效监测。     

GNSS信号功率增强对调零抗干扰接收机的性能影响

由于卫星端信号发射功率小、信号传播损耗大,到达接收机的卫星导航信号极其微弱,容易被干扰。为有效应对电磁干扰的威胁,在系统层面和用户层面同时采取抗干扰措施将是一种很好的选择。建立调零抗干扰接收机抗干扰能力分析模型,并定量分析信号功率增强对调零抗干扰接收机抗干扰性能的提升效果。结果表明：信号功率每增强10 dB,接收机抗干扰能力可提升3～4 dB,但从提高接收机非极限条件下的接收性能(载噪比、测距定位精度等)的角度,信号功率增强15～20 dB时,接收性能最优。研究成果可为卫星功率增强量的优化设计以及终端抗干扰设计提供参考。     

高功率微波武器攻击卫星有效载荷系统可行性分析

高功率微波武器是近几年发展起来的定向能武器之一,被认为是在未来制天权争夺的战场上对卫星有效载荷最大的威胁之一.首先对高功率微波武器的关键技术及技术途径进行了讨论,然后描述了高功率微波对目标损伤的机理和耦合途径,最后根据高功率微波的不同耦合途径对卫星有效载荷受到攻击的可行性进行了详细的分析,计算结果表明,高功率微波武器在高峰值功率或距离很近的情况下都会对未进行电磁加固的卫星有效载荷产生损害.