The Production and Deposition of the Guisborough Helmet

In September 1878 the British Museum received a donation of a folded metal plate which had been embossed and gilded. Restoration of the object revealed that the folded plate was in fact the outer casing of a Roman copper alloy cavalry sports type helmet which dates to the late second or third century AD. The story of what became known as the Guisborough helmet began 14 years earlier in what was then the North Riding of Yorkshire when workers employed by the Cleveland Railway Company discovered a ‘very curious plate of metal’ during road construction. It appears that the helmet was deliberately prepared for deposition and buried at a depth of c30 cm close to a stream. Examination by the authors suggests that this was a high value item that had been repaired many times. Experimental evidence suggests that the decoration alone required approximately 16 h to fashion.     

基于概率影响图的空战能力评估模型

基于空战指标间复杂的影响关系,引入概率影响图,并结合指标间重要程度的比较对飞机空战能力进行客观评估。利用空战信息流图,依据作战结果计算能力指标值与发生概率,构建空战模型的概率影响图;定性分析能力指标间的影响关系,定量计算综合影响权重;综合考虑比较权和影响权,计算空战能力值。结果证明,影响关系在空战能力评估中占有很大比重。     

基于极坐标多普勒伪状态的最佳线性无偏估计算法

理论和实践已经证明,除位置量测外,包含目标速度信息的多普勒量测具有有效提高目标状态的估计精度的潜力。基于目标匀速运动场景在直角坐标系下提出了一种可使用多普勒伪量测(即距离量测与多普勒量测的乘积)和多普勒伪状态的跟踪算法。从理论上讲,它是在最佳线性无偏估计准则下的近似最优线性无偏滤波器,并且避免了量测转换方法的根本缺陷。通过与目前几种流行的方法进行仿真比较,验证了新算法的优越性和可靠性。     

结合景象匹配与惯导信息的SAR平台定位方法

利用高度传感器提供高度信息,结合高精度异源图像匹配技术与惯导系统漂移修正方法实现SAR平台定位。根据成像中间时刻SAR平台与SAR图像中心线上物点在水平面的投影共线的特性,在单帧图像中心线上均匀选取若干点与光学基准图进行高精度景象匹配;计算平台在水平面上投影位置,并利用高度信息确定其空间位置;使用序列图像定位结果估计惯导系统漂移参数,对惯导系统输出的位置数据进行修正,实现高精度的SAR平台定位。对各误差因素的影响进行分析,推导了精度估计公式。仿真和实际序列图像实验结果表明,方法正确可行,具有较高的平台定位精度,具备一定工程实用价值。     

COSMIC 掩星反演的水汽廓线质量分析

利用2006—2012年北半球冬季低纬度地区(30°S~30°N)无线电探空站数据及全球大气成分和气候监测再分析数据对1000 h Pa~200 h Pa高度层的气象、电离层与气候星座观测系统全球定位系统掩星反演的比湿廓线进行了精度和可靠性验证。结果表明,水汽对气象、电离层与气候星座观测系统掩星反演影响较大,尤其在中、低对流层及热带地区等水汽含量比较大的地区,且气象、电离层与气候星座观测系统掩星数据在850 hpa以下可能并不太适用于评估其他数据。     

Sensor placement in active multistatic sonar networks

The idea of deploying noncollocated sources and receivers in multistatic sonar networks (MSNs) has emerged as a promising area of opportunity in sonar systems. This article is one of the first to address point coverage problems in MSNs, where a number of points of interest have to be monitored in order to protect them from hostile underwater assets. We consider discrete “definite range” sensors as well as various diffuse sensor models. We make several new contributions. By showing that the convex hull spanned by the targets is guaranteed to contain optimal sensor positions, we are able to limit the solution space. Under a definite range sensor model, we are able to exclude even more suboptimal solutions. We then formulate a nonlinear program and an integer nonlinear program to express the sensor placement problem. To address the nonconvex single‐source placement problem, we develop the Divide Best Sector (DiBS) algorithm, which quickly provides an optimal source position assuming fixed receivers. Starting with a basic implementation of DiBS, we show how incorporating advanced sector splitting methods and termination conditions further improve the algorithm. We also discuss two ways to use DiBS to find multiple source positions by placing sensors iteratively or simultaneously. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 287–304, 2017     

From Nationalism to Factionalism: Faultlines in the Naga Insurgency

Do ceasefires or peace talks create fragmentation in the insurgent groups? Rather than proposing claims that can offer predictions about armed groups behaviour under ceasefires or peace processes, the analysts tend to focus largely on the dynamics between state and non-state actor. The experts pay little attention to overtime changes in social and local political context which might contribute to propelling a rebel group towards fragmentation and factionalism. The present study intends to fill this gap by exploring the shifting role of public opinion and ethnic support for the peace talks to ascertain whether it can increase the likelihood of factionalism in rebel groups or not. This article applies this approach to the case of Naga National Movement (1947–2015) in India, and finds that the proposed variable appears to have increased the frequency of factionalism in the movement.     

基于圆形滤波器HOG特征的航拍图像车辆快速检测算法

航拍图像中车辆一般近似为矩形结构,因此通过统计检测窗口中的梯度方向直方图并根据梯度主方向估计车辆朝向,然后将检测窗口旋转到相应方向进行分类器判别。车辆检测采用级联boosting分类器和梯度方向直方图特征(HOG,Histograms of Orient Gradient),针对旋转窗口中HOG特征的计算,设计了一种基于圆形滤波器的HOG(Circle Filter based HOG,CFHOG)特征,与传统基于积分直方图的HOG特征提取方法相比,显著提高了旋转窗口中HOG特征的计算效率,此外在计算每个像素的梯度时采用查找表代替梯度向量的求模和角度计算也减小了计算量。使用真实图像进行的实验表明本文车辆检测算法快速高效。     

基于景象匹配与惯导信息的SAR平台定位方法

利用高度传感器提供高度信息,结合高精度异源图像匹配技术与惯导系统漂移修正方法实现了SAR平台定位。根据成像中间时刻SAR平台与SAR图像中心线上物点在水平面的投影共线的特性,在单帧图像中心线上均匀选取若干点与光学基准图进行高精度景象匹配,计算平台在水平面上投影位置,并利用高度信息确定其空间位置;再使用序列图像定位结果估计惯导系统漂移参数,对惯导系统输出的位置数据进行修正,实现高精度的SAR平台定位。对各误差因素的影响进行了分析,推导了精度估计公式。仿真和实际序列图像实验结果表明,方法正确可行,平台定位精度较高,具备一定工程实用价值。     

基于物联网的战地装备安全监管问题研究

针对战地环境中军事装备的安全监管问题,分析了战地装备安全监管应用系统的整体结构与功能层次,给出了基于RFID射频识别技术、无线传感器等物联网技术的硬件平台设计方案,以及基于数据采集、分析、融合、传输和可视化技术研发监管控制软件的实现方案。该系统部署应用后可实现对装备实时、连续、精确的分级监管,能够确保装备管理的安全和高效,提高部队指挥决策能力。