India–Africa defence cooperation against the backdrop of the ‘Make in India’ initiative

Although India is a major importer of defence equipment, it has also been manufacturing defence equipment for some of its needs. The Government of India’s ambitious ‘Make in India’ initiative for the defence sector aims to achieve self reliance in defence equipment production. This essay explores the opportunities for bilateral arms trade between India and Africa, as a new facet of India-Africa defence cooperation. It covers India’s arms export policy, policy reforms in India’s defence sector, and the opportunities for Indian and African defence markets.     

Defense policy in Brazil: bridging the gap between ends and means?

This article aims to analyze the Brazilian Defense Policy in terms of its ability to reduce the gap between ends and means. Since 2003, the Brazilian defense policy has evolved along with Brazil’s increased role in the international system. Sustaining this process depends on institutional, economic, and operational conditions that are yet to be fully guaranteed. They require negotiations, reforms, and strategic perspective. By identifying specific challenges emerging from the national security institutional framework, the combat capability building process, the budgetary cycle, as well as from the defense industrial base, we sought to explain their rationale and to offer concrete policy pointers to overcome obstacles. As a general conclusion, the Brazilian defense policy was strengthened by the 2008 National Defense Strategy (END) due to its clearer strategic goals. Bridging the gap between those ends and the proper means is a continuous effort for any given country, but in the case of Brazil it has been addressed with firmer steps since the END, even in the face of harder economic and political conditions.     

Towards a new national security policy for Canada

Canada is now at a crossroads unlike any other period in its history and needs to carefully consider which path to take. With the new Trudeau government comfortably ensconced since the defeat of the Harper government in the fall of 2015, a variety of competing interests have emerged in an attempt to turn Canadian policy back to a more nostalgic period of the 1970s that some see as preferable to the institutional lash-up that existed since the rolling out of the Canada First policy in the 2000s. That nostalgic period is, however, misunderstood both willfully for political purposes but also through a lack of historical context. Firmly rooting future actions in a blunt analysis of national interests is preferable to the alternative.     

Revisiting the rise and fall of the Somali Armed Forces, 1960–2012

The history of the Somali Armed Forces, principally the army, forms an important part of studying the Somali civil war. Two key themes are evident from 1960: the pursuit of an irredentist agenda beyond reasonable limits, which led to the downfall of Siad Barre’s regime, and the clan divisions and agendas that Barre used to shore up his rule in the 1980s and that have bedeviled the rebirth of the Somali Army in the twenty-first century. With the twentieth-century context covered, and in some places reinterpreted, this article then focuses on the uncertain rebirth of the Somali Armed Forces since 2008, using a host of primary and United Nations official sources. Assistance efforts have been focused on Mogadishu, but limited success has been made in forming truly national armed forces. Future prospects are uncertain, but there are some signs of hope.     

特种作战力量网络空间防御作战效能评估方法?

根据特种作战力量网络空间防御作战系统的结构模型的预警、保护、检测、响应和恢复五个方面,按照指标的不同类型和特点,利用模糊综合评判法对指标进行量化、一致化和标准化处理,利用层次分析法确定各指标的权值,最后利用综合加权法建立综合效能评估模型从而实现对网络空间防御作战的效能评估。该方法适用性和实用性强,为网络空间防御作战效能的评估提供一种方法和思路。     

一种通用型舰载防空硬武器火力优化算法?

针对当前武器优化分配算法缺少通用性,难以兼顾效率和时间的问题,提出了一种通用型舰载防空硬武器火力优化算法。该算法首先提取各舰载武器能够攻击的目标集合,然后对各武器的目标集合逐一进行时间分配,并计算对目标的毁伤概率,最终完成所有武器的分配。计算表明,该算法具有很好的通用性和实时性,可适用于较大规模舰载防空硬武器的火力优化分配问题。     

基于CCA/DEA的装备维修保障绩效评价

运用典型相关分析方法(CCA)和数据包络法(DEA),从纯技术效率、规模效率和综合效率3方面对空军飞行团维修保障绩效进行计算分析,结果表明,飞行团维修费使用效益方面经费配置效率整体不高,特别是对于中修费和维修器材购置费,须采取管控措施提高经费利用效率。     

中远距协同空战多目标攻击决策

根据先进战斗机的技术特点和中远距协同空战发展方向,提出一种基于先敌发现、先敌发射、先敌摧毁能力的空战态势分析模型。同时,将并行遗传算法与分布估计算法相结合的并行分布遗传算法应用于上述模型,给出了求解多目标攻击决策问题的算法。最后利用具体算例进行仿真验证。结果表明空战态势分析模型能够较为准确地描述中远距多机协同空战,采用的算法具有较好的可行性和实时性,为中远距多机协同空战的多目标攻击决策提供了新的思路和方法。     

基于变结构的应急航材调度策略

针对应急航材需求的随机性提出了变结构应急航材配送网络的概念,立足于物流运输车辆的优化调度,将现代优化算法引入应急航材的调度中,通过仿真算例的验证可以得出调运路径长度及应急航材需求量与调运时间成正比。     

人机环境工程的空管安全性模糊综合评判

针对人机环复杂因素的空管安全性评价难题,基于非对称贴近度,提出一种的多级模糊综合评判方法。首先构建了基于人机环境工程的空管安全影响因素集,包括人的因素、人机关系和环境条件这三大类因素集,然后依据因素评判的等级和标准,建立了基于非对称贴近度的空管安全性的多级模糊综合评判模型,最后以专家系统评价数据为基础,对某实际空管部门的安全性进行了模糊综合评判。研究方法和研究结论为科学评价空管系统的安全性提供了借鉴。