攻击机突防链型国土防空系统效能分析

封锁式防空和阻击式防空一般采用火力区相互接壤而形成链式防空,链式防空用于疆土防御.根据防空系统的任务和规模(国土防空、部队战场防空、海上舰队防空)以及入侵方式、武器性能特点的不同.基于随机理论建立了敌方采用同类武器组成链式防空体系,攻击机采用火力对抗条件下的国土突防模型.对基于随机理论的攻击机突防链型国土防空系统效能进行了一些假设和简化,建立了初步的效能模型,提供了一个分析的思路和方法.     

末端反导组网作战战术信息分发系统结构研究

战术信息分发系统是末端反导防空导弹组网作战系统的重要组成部分,是末端反导防空导弹组网作战各系统实现互连、互通、互操作的关键.首先分析了战术信息分发系统的概念、内涵、系统的功能以及与一般通信系统的不同,其次依据末端反导防空导弹组网作战系统的体系结构,构建了末端反导组网战术信息分发系统,分析了该系统的逻辑结构、逻辑流程以及物理组成,最后对该系统今后的发展建设提供了几点启示.     

动态贝叶斯网络的无人机炮火校射

动态贝叶斯网络(Dynamic Bayesian Networks-DBNs),是对具有随机过程性质的不确定性问题进行建模和处理的一个有力工具.提出将隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Models-HMMs)图形模式与贝叶斯网络结合起来构成DBN,将其用于无人机照相侦察情报的推理分析,决定炮火优先打击区域.首先建立动态贝叶斯网络的战场态势变化模型,而后应用HMM的推理算法获得当前隐含序列最优估计,且可预测出未来战场态势.最后应用模糊推理获得优先打击的区域号.仿真结果表明了模型的可行性.该方法有效解决了贝叶斯网络对于瞬间变化战场态势推理的不足的缺陷,为炮兵指挥员更好地运用火力,分出主次奠定了基础.     

多点喷射空气酒精燃气发生器试验验证

为有效解决现有燃气引射气源存在的诸多缺点,适应一种引射系统大流量、小型化的需要,在综合分析各燃气引射气源方案的基础上,研制了一种以空气、酒精作为推进剂的多点喷射结构的燃气发生器,并开展了多种工况下的试验研究。结果表明:采用的多点喷射方案大大提高了空间利用率,有效满足了引射系统小型化的要求;喷雾性能好,喷雾锥角及粒径优于设计指标要求;点火可靠性高,解决了领域内现有燃气发生器点火可靠性低的缺点;点火迅速,燃烧平稳,可实现较为均匀的出口温度场;燃气发生器工作范围较宽,能在余气系数2.52～4.34范围内稳定燃烧;高效的火焰筒内壁空气冷却方式有效保证了燃气发生器长时间工作运行。     

基于改进遗传算法的舰载机保障调度方法

舰载机保障作业过程受到多资源约束,同时可能存在着突发事件的干扰;针对此特点,分析并制定干扰情况下的模型修正策略。在遗传算法中引入禁忌搜索算子改进传统遗传算法的变异操作,并通过具体实例进行仿真验证,其结果证明改进后的遗传算法在优化含干扰事件的多机保障问题时效率更高,并通过甘特图直观地反映重调度方案。为真实情况下有效处理舰载机保障过程中的干扰事件奠定理论基础。     

Experimental research on the instability propagation characteristics of liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave

In order to study the instability propagation characteristics of the liquid kerosene rotating detonation wave (RDW), a series of experimental tests were carried out on the rotating detonation combustor (RDC) with air-heater. The fuel and oxidizer are room-temperature liquid kerosene and preheated oxygen-enriched air, respectively. The experimental tests keep the equivalence ratio of 0.81 and the oxygen mass fraction of 35% unchanged, and the total mass flow rate is maintained at about 1000 g/s, changing the total temperature of the oxygen-enriched air from 620 K to 860 K. Three different types of instability were observed in the experiments: temporal and spatial instability, mode transition and re-initiation. The interaction between RDW and supply plenum may be the main reason for the fluctuations of detonation wave velocity and pressure peaks with time. Moreover, the inconsistent mixing of fuel and oxidizer at different circumferential positions is related to RDW oscillate spatially. The phenomenon of single-double-single wave transition is analyzed. During the transition, the initial RDW weakens until disappears, and the compression wave strengthens until it becomes a new RDW and propagates steadily. The increased deflagration between the detonation products and the fresh gas layer caused by excessively high temperature is one of the reasons for the RDC quenching and re-initiation.     

对美国“忠诚僚机”的思考及对策建议

用无人机担任僚机已成为战斗机编组作战领域技战术研究的新热点。本文通过跟踪美国“忠诚僚机”项目的试验进展,了解所用无人僚机和战斗机平台的性能及特点,把握长僚机编组作战对无人僚机的基本指标需求。在此基础上,结合美军分布式作战概念的演变、智能空战技术研究和现有装备改装趋势等因素,分析了“忠诚僚机”项目在推进空中分布式作战概念实用化、提高长僚机编组作战效能以及形成规模化无人僚机装备方面可能产生的影响。基于上述分析,得出无人僚机与有人战斗机编组作战是军队需要面对的新型作战样式这一结论,并结合国内空战理论研究、军用无人机制造能力以及反无人机装备的发展情况,给出整合资源发展优势无人机、以硬杀伤和软杀伤多种形式构建有效反制体系的对策建议。     

Mirror,mirror on the wall,who is the most offensive of them all? – Explaining the offensive bias in military tactical thinking

This article explores why the offensive predominates military tactical thinking. With survey results showing an offensive bias among 60 per cent of senior Swedish officers and as many as 80 per cent in the case of the army, it is clear that this is not just a problem of the past but is equally relevant today. The article asks why there is a tendency to perceive and understand offensive tactics as the preferred choice and the way to conduct battle that should be encouraged and preferred. Drawing on existing research and the findings of a pilot study, ten propositions for why the offensive bias exists are tested using a mixed-method approach. Based on the findings, the article develops a model to understand why the offensive dominates military tactical thinking. It is found that the two key constitutive factors behind the offensive bias are military culture and education. These factors most directly and profoundly influence an officer’s identity, perceptions, and thinking. Military culture and education, in turn, work as a prism for four other factors: military history, the theory and principles of war, doctrine and TTPs, and psychological factors.     

基于XML的海军作战仿真想定设计方法

作战仿真想定是军事仿真系统的重要组成部分,为仿真系统的运行提供了初始态势和作战任务。目前在仿真想定中存在的主要问题是对想定描述的格式和手段不统一,生成的仿真想定可读性和可移植性不好,影响了仿真系统的真实性和可信度。以海军装备应用研究系统为背景,着眼于海军作战仿真想定生成系统的标准化,通过分析海军作战想定描述的层次结构,针对XML技术在数据表达方面的特点和应用,探讨了使用XML表示标准的作战想定开发方法,以潜艇破交任务为例介绍了海军作战想定的设计方法。     

军队院校人才培养质量保证体系运行研究

基于ISO9000族质量标准的军队院校人才培养质量保证体系,是提高军队院校人才培养质量的重要保证。军队院校人才培养质量保证体系的运行准备、运行机制、运行评价是军队院校人才培养质量保证体系高效运行的关键环节,也是军队院校人才培养质量保证体系发挥作用的重要依托。