现代故障诊断技术研究现状与趋势

回顾了状态监测与故障诊断技术的发展历史,归纳和总结了基于系统数学模型、基于系统输入输出信号处理以及基于人工智能等途径的故障诊断方法。从混合智能诊断技术、BIT技术、远程协作诊断技术3个方面,对现代故障诊断技术的发展趋势和有待解决的问题进行了分析与探讨。提出了故障诊断领域目前和将来的研究方向。     

Modeling and analysis of vessel casualties resulting from tanker traffic through narrow waterways

In this paper, we present a physics-based stochastic model to investigate vessel casualties resulting from tanker traffic through a narrow waterway. A state-space model is developed to represent the waterway and the location of vessels at a given time. We first determine the distribution of surface current at a given location of the waterway depending on channel geometry, bottom topography, boundary conditions, and the distribution of wind. Then we determine the distribution of the angular drift for a given vessel travelling at a given location of a waterway. Finally, we incorporate the drift probabilities and random arrival of vessels into a Markov chain model. By analyzing the time-dependent and the steady-state probabilities of the Markov chain, we obtain risk measures such as the probability of casualty at a given location and also the expected number of casualties for a given number of vessels arriving per unit time. Analysis of the Markovian model also yields an analytical result that shows that the expected number of casualties is proportional to square of the tanker arrival rate. We present our methodology on an experimental model of a hypothetical narrow waterway. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Reseach Logistics 46: 871–892, 1999     

Distribution free bounds for service constrained (Q,r) inventory systems

A classical and important problem in stochastic inventory theory is to determine the order quantity (Q) and the reorder level (r) to minimize inventory holding and backorder costs subject to a service constraint that the fill rate, i.e., the fraction of demand satisfied by inventory in stock, is at least equal to a desired value. This problem is often hard to solve because the fill rate constraint is not convex in (Q, r) unless additional assumptions are made about the distribution of demand during the lead‐time. As a consequence, there are no known algorithms, other than exhaustive search, that are available for solving this problem in its full generality. Our paper derives the first known bounds to the fill‐rate constrained (Q, r) inventory problem. We derive upper and lower bounds for the optimal values of the order quantity and the reorder level for this problem that are independent of the distribution of demand during the lead time and its variance. We show that the classical economic order quantity is a lower bound on the optimal ordering quantity. We present an efficient solution procedure that exploits these bounds and has a guaranteed bound on the error. When the Lagrangian of the fill rate constraint is convex or when the fill rate constraint does not exist, our bounds can be used to enhance the efficiency of existing algorithms. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 635–656, 2000     

具有偏好系数允许卖空的投资组合模型解存在的条件

在投资组合各种模型中,具有偏好系数的投资组合模型是最重要的模型之一,对其求解的研究具有理论价值。本文利用矩阵分块理论对此模型进行了研究,并给出了此模型解存在的一个充分条件。     

French Arms Exports and Intrastate Conflicts: An Empirical Investigation

The aim of this article is to evaluate how French Major Conventional Weapons (MCW) exports impact on the conflict intensity of recipient countries. The recent increase in French arms exports seems to contradict the French political discourse on the promotion of regional stability. We run zero-inflated ordered probit model in order to analyze the role of the arms trade on the intensity of civil conflicts in 144 countries from 1992 to 2014, using SIPRI and UCDP/PRIO data. Our results suggest that French MCW exports tended not to exacerbate intrastate conflicts during this period. This finding is robust to changes in the empirical framework. We propose two lines of explanations: France seems to be prone to choosing partners that respect human rights and selling more ‘defense-oriented’ MCW than the rest of the world.     

Morts pour la France: Demographic or Economic Factors?

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the database ‘Mémoire des hommes’, which is a record of more than 1 million French soldiers officially recognized as dead during the World War I (WWI). Integrating this source with the 1911 census, we evaluate the potential numbers of recruits by French regional department. From this, a model identifies the factors affecting the number of deaths. While demographic factors are the principal determinants, adding significant economic, political and spatial factors reduces the unexplained variance between regions and significantly improves the explanation of the disparity in the number of deaths by region.     

基于ISM的作战仿真模型体系结构建模?

作战仿真模型体系结构的描述是一个复杂的问题,传统的方法难以清晰描述各要素之间的内在关系。采用解释结构模型的方法对模型体系中的继承、组合关系进行形式化建模,在对体系要素进行简化抽象的基础上,通过矩阵运算和逻辑推理完成对体系内所有要素的关系描述,能够实现对复杂模型体系的结构化描述和简洁化表达。     

基于模糊层次分析法的雷达导引头干扰效能评估

为评估对主动雷达导引头的干扰效能,结合导引头工作原理和功能特性,运用模糊数学理论,构建了对雷达导引头干扰效能进行评估的指标体系,建立了二级模糊评判模型,采用正态分布形式构造隶属函数,并利用指数标度的层次分析法(AHP)确定各因素的权重,使得判断矩阵的一致性指标得到改善,实现对雷达导引头的量化评估。最后选择噪声干扰为例进行模糊综合评判,实例分析结果表明该雷达导引头干扰效能模糊评判模型具有实用性,其评估结果可为干扰措施的选择提供参考。     

空中突击效果预测模型研究

从实践需求出发 ,建立了空中突击效果的预测模型 ,旨在对特定目标在某一时刻遭到突击后 ,预测其在任一后续时间点上所产生的突击效果 ,以便为计划人员有效使用战役突击力量提供可靠保证     

人员疏散模拟计算方法对比研究

目前我国在安全疏散评价中采用的人员疏散模型和计算方法不尽相同,而对于同一种场景,不同疏散模型和计算方法存在较大差异性。通过同一种疏散场景不同疏散模型和计算结果的对比,验证了三种计算方法以及采用中西方人体参数的差异大小,为选择合理的安全疏散评估方法提供了指导。