Disruption management in production planning

We study the problem of recovering a production plan after a disruption, where the disruption may be caused by incidents such as power failure, market change, machine breakdown, supply shortage, worker no‐show, and others. The new recovery plan we seek after has to not only suit the changed environment brought about by the disruption, but also be close to the initial plan so as not to cause too much customer unsatisfaction or inconvenience for current‐stage and downstream operations. For the general‐cost case, we propose a dynamic programming method for the problem. For the convex‐cost case, a general problem which involves both cost and demand disruptions can be solved by considering the cost disruption first and then the demand disruption. We find that a pure demand disruption is easy to handle; and for a pure cost disruption, we propose a greedy method which is provably efficient. Our computational studies also reveal insights that will be helpful to managing disruptions in production planning. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

潜艇表面涂层失效机理的研究

评述了有机涂层失效机理的现代研究方法,将电化学测试技术与现代表面分析技术和传统的涂料检测技术相结合,应用于涂层失效机理分析和寿命评估中.探讨了电化学交流阻抗谱技术在研究变海水压力作用下潜艇表面有机涂层的失效机理,以及建立腐蚀性介质渗入与涂层失效之间数学模型的可能性.     

码资源受限系统中的碎片整理算法及定时机制的研究

在分析传统码资源静态分配算法缺陷的基础上,研究了直接合并碎片整理算法和最小分支搜索不完全码碎片整理算法.同时研究了碎片整理算法中的关键问题:碎片整理的时机,即定时机制问题.提出了一种获取定时参数的方法,并利用计算机仿真工具对定时机制进行了仿真,验证了理论结论.     

军事装备信息化工程监理机制探讨

针对我军信息化建设的特点,分析了我军军事装备信息化工程监理机制建立的必要性,结合实际设计了军事装备信息化工程监理的业务流程,阐述了监理的主要内容,并进一步提出了建立军事装备信息化工程监理机制的有效途径。     

国防企业的效用函数及激励机制设计

在定性分析国防企业效用的基础上, 考虑装备生产过程的部分可观察性, 利用委托-代理理论, 建立了国防企业综合激励模型, 并对给定情况进行了激励合同设计。     

一种小型化超宽带平面伞状天线

介绍了一种小型化超宽带全向微带天线。提出一种平面伞状贴片天线结构,采用电磁仿真软件HFSS分析该天线的阻抗带宽、方向图及增益特性。仿真与实测样品对比分析表明,提出的小型化超宽带平面伞状天线能够满足工程应用需要。     

回归再时效7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀性能

采用腐蚀电化学的点蚀极化曲线并结合腐蚀形貌的扫描电镜分析的方法,研究了回归再时效(RRA)工艺处理7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的点蚀行为,对其耐点蚀性能进行了评价,并探讨了RRA工艺改善该合金点蚀性能的机理。结果表明:采用120RRA工艺(120℃×24h预时效+195℃×0.5h回归+120℃×24h再时效)处理后,7A60铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的阳极极化曲线闭合环面积减小,再钝化电流密度Ipp降低,蚀孔较浅,RRA工艺在一定程度上改善了该铝合金在0.5mol/L NaCl溶液中的耐点蚀性能。     

地面无人作战系统机械臂运动学建模与仿真

以某地面无人作战系统中的机械臂为研究对象,探讨其运动学模型建立中的相关问题．结合该机械臂的结构特点,利用D-H方法建立其相应的运动学模型,并在该基础上求解机械臂的正、逆运动学方程．最后在Matlab环境下,借助Robotics Toolbox工具箱对该机械臂的结构和运动学问题进行验证和仿真．仿真结果表明：该设计方法是正确可行的．     

Partial equilibrium in risk‐based production decisions

Characteristically, a small subset of operational problems admit risk neutrality when contingent claims methodology were used in their analysis. That is, for the majority of manufacturing and production problems, operating cash flows are not directly linked to prices of traded assets. However, to the extent that correlations can be estimated, the methodology's applicability to a broader set of operational problems is supported. Our article addresses this issue with the objective of extending the use of contingent claims techniques to a larger set of operational problems. In broad terms, this objective entails a partial equilibrium approach to the problem of valuing uncertain cash flows. To this end, we assume risk aversion and cast our approach within Merton's intertemporal capital asset pricing model. In this context, we formulate a “generic” production valuation model that is framed as an exercise in stochastic optimal control. The model is versatile in its characterization and can easily be adapted to accommodate a wide‐ranging set of risk‐based operational problems where the underlying sources of uncertainty are not traded. To obtain results, the model is recast as a stochastic dynamic program to be solved numerically. The article addresses a number of fundamental issues in the analysis risk based decision problems in operations. First, in the approach provided, decisions are analyzed under a properly defined risk structure. Second, the process of analysis leads to suitably adjusted probability distributions through which, appropriately discounted expectations are derived. Third, through consolidating existing concepts into a standard and adaptable framework, we extend the applicability of contingent claims methodology to a broader set of operational problems. The approach is advantageous as it obviates the need for exogenously specifying utility functions or discount rates.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

Optimal inventory control policy for periodic‐review inventory systems with inventory‐level‐dependent demand

We consider a setting in which inventory plays both promotional and service roles; that is, higher inventories not only improve service levels but also stimulate demand by serving as a promotional tool (e.g., as the result of advertising effect by the enhanced product visibility). Specifically, we study the periodic‐review inventory systems in which the demand in each period is uncertain but increases with the inventory level. We investigate the multiperiod model with normal and expediting orders in each period, that is, any shortage will be met through emergency replenishment. Such a model takes the lost sales model as a special case. For the cases without and with fixed order costs, the optimal inventory replenishment policy is shown to be of the base‐stock type and of the (s,S) type, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012