Inventory control and periodic price discounting campaigns

This paper develops an inventory model that determines replenishment strategies for buyers facing situations in which sellers offer price‐discounting campaigns at random times as a way to drive sales or clear excess inventory. Specifically, the model deals with the inventory of a single item that is maintained to meet a constant demand over time. The item can be purchased at two different prices denoted high and low. We assume that the low price goes into effect at random points in time following an exponential distribution and lasts for a random length of time following another exponential distribution. We highlight a replenishment strategy that will lead to the lowest inventory holding and ordering costs possible. This strategy is to replenish inventory only when current levels are below a certain threshold when the low price is offered and the replenishment is to a higher order‐up‐to level than the one currently in use when inventory depletes to zero and the price is high. Our analysis provides new insight into the behavior of the optimal replenishment strategy in response to changes in the ratio of purchase prices together with changes in the ratio of the duration of a low‐price period to that of a high‐price period. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007.     

飞机系统安全性指标的Petri Net分配方法

为解决动态故障树抽象而不利于交流的问题,利用Petri Net直观、易用且适用范围广的优点,提出基于Petri Net的飞机系统安全性指标分配方法。通过整理安全性指标及其相关的可靠性指标,选取失效率作为安全性指标,对比动态故障树及Petri Net建模方法,选取后者建立静态逻辑变迁和动态逻辑变迁的Petri Net指标分配模型。在此基础上,提出考虑严酷等级的系统安全性指标分配方法,经过算例分析,构建Petri Net层次系统故障模型进行指标分配。结果表明,分配值均在相应安全性指标内,该方法能够克服动态故障树法不直观、等分配法分配过于粗糙等缺陷,为飞机安全性设计与评估提供参考。     

双转子活塞发动机差速驱动组件的动态静力学建模与分析*

针对双转子活塞发动机的工作特点,分析了其差速驱动组件的机构特性,定义了动力学参数,进而采用矢量力学方法对差速驱动组件的动态静力学进行数学建模。运用Matlab对所建理论模型进行数值计算,得出了主要部件的受力特征。为了验证所建数学模型的合理性,基于多体动力学仿真理论,在Recur Dyn环境下建立了双转子活塞发动机的虚拟样机模型,仿真结果与理论计算结果相比较,相应的约束反力的数值变化规律基本一致,都呈现4个周期的变化过程,冲击位置也基本相同,表明建立的动力学理论模型基本符合实际情况,是可信的,可以用作双转子活塞发动机改进设计的理论基础。     

基于模板的军事概念模型描述与设计

首先分析军事概念建模存在的问题,然后提出两个阶段、四个步骤的建模思路,在此基础上通过基于模板的概念模型描述方法,将概念建模区分为实体元模型、动作元模型、关系元模型、属性元模型和数据元模型,通过对上述元模型的建模完成对仿真对象的概念建模。     

多元线性模型的广义逆诊断问题

在实际问题中,经常需要考虑多个因变量对多个自变量的相互依赖关系,但在运算过程中经常会碰到奇异矩阵不能求逆的问题.通过推导任意2矩阵的差的广义逆,解决了这一问题,继而得出多元线性模型的参数估计,最后推出数据删除模型异常点的判断依据.     

以可靠性为中心的维修及其模型支持

从RCM分析的基本过程入手,分析了进行RCM决策模型研究的必要性,简要介绍了RCM分析决策过程,探讨了RCM决策模型的分类方法,提出了RCM建模研究的基本设想。     

战争系统复杂性及其基于Agent建模仿真研究进展

复杂性科学是当今世界科学发展的热点和前沿,其研究与应用正迅速向各个学科渗透和扩展,成为备受众多领域科学家关注的交叉学科研究领域.目前,在军事科学领域,战争复杂性的问题正日益受到学者们的广泛关注.应用复杂系统建模与仿真方法对战争复杂性问题进行建模与仿真研究是一种有别于传统的基于兰切斯特方程等数学模型方法研究战争问题的一种新方法.讨论了战争系统复杂性问题,在掌握现有资料的基础上,力图较全面介绍国内外关于基于Agent战争系统复杂性建模与仿真方面的最新研究进展,并对相关的研究成果给出了自己的看法.     

考虑入口和出口容积效应的涡轮动力学模型

建立了考虑涡轮入口和出口容积效应的涡轮动力学模型 ,利用该模型计算了燃气涡轮气瓶启动的动态响应过程 ,分析了影响涡轮动态特性的主要因素。计算结果表明 :涡轮前容积对涡轮入口压力和出口背压的过渡过程均有显著的影响 ,涡轮后容积对涡轮入口压力的过渡过程影响不大 ,对涡轮出口背压的影响显著。     

应力-强度模型的Bayes可靠性分析

当应力、强度分别服从于正态分布、指数分布和Weibull分布时 ,分析了应力 -强度模型的可靠性评估 ,着重讨论了无信息验前下的Bayes可靠性评估。仿真结果表明 ,无信息验前下的评估结论可以很好地用频率学派的观点来解释。     

Military expenditure and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries and Turkey: a non-linear panel data approach

The economic growth effects of military expenditure have been the subject of a large literature in defence economics. Theories on the economic impacts of military expenditure greatly differ and include arguments that they either enhance economic growth or crowd out productive investments. Empirical literature on defence expenditure and economic growth nexus generally employs linear specifications to investigate the impact of defence expenditures on economic growth. Although it is now well established that many economic variables may have a non-linear data-generating mechanism, it seems that this reality has long been neglected in empirical work on defence–growth nexus. This paper attempts to fill this gap by employing non-linear panel data models to examine the effects of military expenditures on economic growth for Middle Eastern countries and Turkey, for the time period 1988–2012. Results show that the effect of military expenditure on economic growth is nonlinear such that the state of the economy actually determines the effect of the former on the latter. This is important not only in showing asymmetric relationship between these variables but also in revealing the reasons of mixed results of earlier literature.