US warfare in Somalia and the trade-off between casualty-aversion and civilian protection

This article examines the ways in which the two normative concerns of casualty-aversion and civilian protection influenced US military strategy in the particular context of the asymmetric conflict in Somalia in the early 1990s. The article critically evaluates US military operations through the prism of international humanitarian law and examines whether American forces started prioritizing casualty-aversion over the safeguarding of Somali civilians. Finally, by drawing on emerging moral guidelines (such as Michael Walzer's idea of ‘due care’), the article examines whether lower numbers of Somali civilian deaths could have been achieved if marginal increases to the risks faced by US soldiers had been accepted.     

Counterinsurgency and the limits of state-building: An analysis of Colombia's policy of territorial consolidation, 2006–2012

Since 2002 the Colombian government has been implementing a series of policy initiatives that have sought to coordinate state resources in a neo-classical counterinsurgency approach to fight the country's main insurgent group, the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), and recover and consolidate the territory. Despite impressive operational successes against the insurgency and other illegal groups, the government has been unable to reassert its control and build legitimacy via the state-building effort known as ‘Consolidación’, in some of the most recalcitrant areas of the country. This article examines two areas where government efforts at consolidation appear to be failing to discuss the limits of COIN theory and practice.     

基于定性信息的装备技术状态评估

利用定性信息对装备技术状态进行评估是提高评估时效性的有效手段.通过对装备技术状态评估研究现状的分析,论证了运用D-S证据理论进行装备技术状态评估的可行性.结合D-S证据理论的特点,提出了适用于装备技术状态评估的可信度分配策略.采用基于投影的证据融合方法,以解决传统D-S证据理论在融合高冲突证据时的缺陷.在评价决策中运用最大基本信度状态评价准则进行评价决策.最后,将提出的分析方法,应用于某具体装备的技术状态评估中,验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于网络演算理论计算车电系统总线的最大时延

以车电系统总线为研究对象,以网络演算理论为数学工具,提出一种基于网络演算理论的车电系统总线的最大时延计算模型.通过仿真实验得到了车电系统总线中各个信息帧的到达曲线、高优先级的信息帧集合的到达曲线、服务曲线和最大时延的数值结果.与相关研究相比,所建模型输入参数少,计算量小,可以快速求解车电系统总线的最大时延,具有良好的适应性和通用性,可以作为车电系统总线分析、设计与优化的理论支持工具.     

习得论对新疆汉语教学的意义

第二语言习得理论对新疆汉语教学有着重要启示。从输入假设和情感过滤假设出发具体讲述了克拉申理论对于新疆汉语有效教学的意义。通过对一线课堂的了解,进一步从理想的输入、要有足够的输入量、学生学习的动力、情感状态对于学生学习双语的重要性等方面反映出习得理论对于双语教学的意义。     

《初等数论》课程渗透数学文化教学研究与实践

数学课程是实施数学文化教育的主渠道和主阵地,是学生触摸、体悟数学本质,感受、体验数学内在文化气息的畅享地。本文重点从课程导言、核心概念、符号语言及命题、定理、法则教学等方面来探讨数学文化在《初等数论》课程教学中的渗透和实施。     

地空导弹对地面的附带损伤问题研究

研究了地空导弹爆炸时战斗部破片对地面人员附带损伤的问题,选取了破片对人体的杀伤准则,通过分析破片的空中运动特性,对导弹战斗部爆炸时的破片飞散规律进行了探讨,建立了破片散布的数学模型,并在典型的给定计算条件下进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明,地空导弹在不同高度爆炸时,可计算出对地面人员的有效杀伤破片数量、破片杀伤面积和平均密度以及导弹的安全高度.     

理论背景及应用在复变函数教学中的提升作用

目前,国内复变函数教学普遍存往一些问题：缺乏适合课堂放学的优秀教材,教学手段落后单一．没有结合复变函数课程的特点,考核方式不够合理等突出问题。为适应索质教育釉社会发展的要求,培养学生的应用能力和创新能力,必须调整优化教学内容和体系;并结合复变函数课程自身过于抽象的特点改革教学模式,在复变函数的教学中穿插理论的来源背景及其在各学科中的简举应厢;制定合理的考核形式。     

Efficient distributions of arms‐control inspection effort

A rule that constrains decision‐makers is enforced by an inspector who is supplied with a fixed level of inspection resources—inspection personnel, equipment, or time. How should the inspector distribute its inspection resources over several independent inspectees? What minimum level of resources is required to deter all violations? Optimal enforcement problems occur in many contexts; the motivating application for this study is the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in support of the Treaty on the Non‐Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Using game‐theoretic models, the resource level adequate for deterrence is characterized in a two‐inspectee problem with inspections that are imperfect in the sense that violations can be missed. Detection functions, or probabilities of detecting a violation, are assumed to be increasing in inspection resources, permitting optimal allocations over inspectees to be described both in general and in special cases. When detection functions are convex, inspection effort should be concentrated on one inspectee chosen at random, but when they are concave it should be spread deterministicly over the inspectees. Our analysis provides guidance for the design of arms‐control verification operations, and implies that a priori constraints on the distribution of inspection effort can result in significant inefficiencies. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

关于影剧院消防设计的探讨

通过分析大型剧场火灾的特点 ,针对其结构特点阐述了大型剧场在消防设计上应注意的几个方面 ,旨在探讨大型剧场的消防设计方法。