数据关联算法性能评估的一种方法

数据关联算法性能的优劣直接影响跟踪系统的性能.因此在给出一种算法后,必须对该算法的性能进行评估,全面地了解该算法的优点以及缺点.以一种多目标数据关联算法为例,给出对数据关联算法的性能进行评估的一种仿真设计方法,包括设计思想及具体实现,并给出对该数据关联算法的评估结果.该方法同样适用于对多目标跟踪算法的性能进行评估.     

基于两坐标雷达与红外传感器的融合跟踪

针对两坐标雷达与红外传感器的融合跟踪问题,提出一套基于航迹关联事件的后验概率最大化准则和"最近邻"思想的状态信息相关与融合估计的一体化实现方法,克服了两种传感器观测数据不完整给融合处理带来的困难,通过充分利用雷达的航迹,点迹和历史信息,融合高精度的红外测角和雷达测距信息,改善系统的跟踪能力.最后的仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性.     

舰炮对岸无瞄准点射击诸元计算模型

介绍了一种新的舰炮射击方法--舰炮对岸无瞄准点射击概念、原理,建立了目标相对坐标计算模型、观测舰位坐标转换模型,解决了水面舰艇舰炮对岸上目标射击诸元计算问题.舰炮对岸无瞄准点射击,解决了水面舰艇全天候对岸应召射击问题,显著提高了舰炮对岸打击能力和战术使用的灵活性.     

BP神经网络和D-S证据理论的目标识别

目标识别是指挥自动化系统的一个重要组成部分,针对现代战争对抗手段不断增强的特点,运用BP神经网络和D-S证据理论探索作战飞机机型的识别方法.前端采用3层BP神经网络结构,以传感器接收数据为输入,以神经网络输出作为证据,后端对不同传感器的证据按D-S理论进行融合,得到待识别目标的识别概率.经由MATLAB编程对国内外几种主要机型的识别进行仿真研究,与现行目标识别方法相比较,能够更快速、准确、可靠地识别飞机目标,较好地满足了空战中作战指挥系统对飞机机型识别的需求.     

雷达虚拟维修训练系统中的数据存取与应用

简要介绍了通用雷达装备虚拟维修训练系统.针对系统存在的不足,根据XML数据库与关系数据库之间的映射方法,提出了基于XML Schema,对XML数据库进行数据存取的思路.从XML Schema描述VC 结构出发,解析XML数据,利用XML转化成DOM来对数据进行存取,并提供了一个具体实例.对虚拟维修训练系统置于广域网跨平台进行异构数据操作的开发具有重要意义.     

某高炮数字指挥仪的改造

为了使某高炮数字指挥仪能够适应现代战争的需要,遵照中央军委关于"要用高新技术改造现役装备"的指示,在不降低原高炮数字指挥仪战术技术性能的基础上,加装了红外热像仪、激光测距机、激光距离转换计算机、雷达诸元转换计算机.使该装备不仅能够与部队现配置的雷达连接使用,还增加了目标探测手段,增强了夜间作战能力,提高了装备的性能,成为新一代的光电防空火控系统,适应现代战争的要求.     

The impact of arms production on the South African manufacturing industry

The 1977 UN arms embargo was one of the main factors which led South Africa to establish a largely self sufficient import‐substituting arms industry capable of meeting the apartheid state's demand for sophisticated weaponry. While macroeconomic studies suggest that high military spending had a damaging effect on economic growth, no studies have investigated the disaggregated impact of military expenditure on industrial development. This paper applies panel data methods to the Industrial Development Corporation's Sectoral Database in order to analyse the level effects of military spending.     

HARNESSING GLOBAL TRADE DATA FOR BIOLOGICAL ARMS CONTROL

Unlike treaties dealing with nuclear and chemical weapons, the Biological Weapons Convention still lacks formal verification measures, 31 years after entering into force. Here we propose a global export-import monitoring system of biological dual-use items as an additional measure for a web of biological arms controls that could complement traditional export controls. We suggest that such a measure may help to guide consultation or verification processes in the biological area.     

Defense Burden and the Effect of Democracy: Evidence from a Spatial Panel Analysis

ABSTRACT

Do democracies spend less on national defense? This paper provides new evidence of the effect of democracy on defense burden based on a Spatial Durbin Model with panel data for 98 countries for the years 1992–2008. While democracy measured by means of an index variable covering the entire range from perfect democracy to perfect autocracy turns out to be insignificant, dummy variables indicating transition to higher levels of democracy reveal a statistically highly significant negative effect of democracy on a country’s defense burden. Allowing for country-specific effects reveals heterogeneity in the effect of democracy across countries. Apart from the effect of democracy, the estimation results indicate strong spatial dependence of military burdens across countries. Moreover, they provide statistical evidence for a peace dividend, for substitution effects in defense spending and for a negative effect on the military burden for countries when they exhibit a trade surplus instead of a trade deficit.     

Emotions,Risk Perceptions and Precautionary Actions of Citizens During a Military Operation Using a New Defence Technology: The Israeli Case of the Iron Dome

Abstract

The current field study used unique data collected in Israel in July 2014, during a military operation that the Israel Defence Forces (I.D.F.) conducted in the Gaza Strip, in reaction to the thousands of missiles launched from there into Israel. During this operation, the new Iron Dome anti-missile defence system was used to protect Israelis exposed to missile attacks. The study examined factors that correlate with decisions to comply with I.D.F. defence instructions regarding behaviour during missile attacks. In addition, the study examined the relationship between attitudes towards the Iron Dome technology and emotions, risk perceptions, and the decision to comply with I.D.F. defence instructions. The results indicate that stronger positive opinions towards Iron Dome were correlated with lower levels of fear and anger, and beliefs that participant’s chances of being injured by a missile were lower than they had been during previous military operation. In addition, better compliance with I.D.F. defence instructions correlated with being more fearful, angrier at Hamas, living closer to Gaza Strip, and having more positive opinions about Iron Dome. The findings also indicate gender differences with respect to factors correlated with risk perceptions, opinions regarding Iron Dome, and precautionary actions during attacks.