现代坦克火控系统体系结构发展的轨迹

对现代坦克火控系统体系结构发展的轨迹进行了较为详尽的论述,分析了几种主要类型的火控系统体系结构.对于在战车火控系统的发展历程中起重要作用的指挥仪式火控系统,从上反射式系统和下反射式系统两方面进行了比较分析.最后指出了用控制主线的观点来分析和预测火控系统发展所具有的优点.     

武器系统模糊寿命周期费用模型

武器系统的寿命周期费用建模较多采用参数法,而参数法中最常用的是最小二乘回归.考虑费用统计数据的模糊性,提出用模糊最小二乘回归来建立武器系统模糊寿命周期费用模型,并结合实例对武器系统寿命周期费用进行了分析.结果表明,这种方法能达到令人满意的拟合精度,具有实用价值.     

粗糙神经网络的航空电子系统故障诊断方法

提出了一种基于粗糙神经网络的航空电子系统故障诊断方法.该方法运用粗糙集理论进行知识规则的提取,用提取的规则对航空电子系统输出数据进行分类,再用神经网络对每一类进行辨识,最后用粗糙集分类结果与各个神经网络输出进行综合得到系统一步预测结果,将该预测结果与航空电子系统实际输出进行阀值比较,进而进行故障诊断.实际应用表明该方法可行并能够有效地检测系统故障,故障诊断率高.     

防空武器系统生存能力评价

分析了现代战场环境条件下影响防空武器系统生存能力的主要因素,建立了一个防空武器系统生存能力评价的指标体系,给出了各级分指标的量化评价思路和方法,采用加权算术平均法和加权几何平均法进行指标综合.提供了一个生存能力快速量化评价的实用模型.     

【专栏】飞机结构静强度应变现场测试手段展望

目前飞机结构静强度应变现场主要的测试手段为使用电阻应变计测量系统,但电阻应变计测量系统存在抗电磁干扰差、引线过多以及一致性难以保证等问题,测试效果难以保证。近年来,光纤传感以及非接触光学测量手段的迅速发展,为飞机结构静强度应变现场测试提供了多种选择。本文通过分析以数字图像相关法技术为代表的新技术的特点,如通过进行非接触操作消除安装过程中所带来的分散性误差以及不确定性,在应对某些需要定性分析的飞机静强度试验场合时可以实时给出三维应变和位移场数据,使测量技术更加直观,以及可溯源性更好、更容易保证计量特性的稳定等,对未来飞机结构静强度应变现场测试手段进行了展望,以期为相关部门和机构提供参考。     

美军作战试验与鉴定发展研究

当前,军队装备试验鉴定正由性能试验向作战试验、在役考核全领域拓展。在装备试验鉴定体系全面重塑的历史背景下,为适应军队装备试验鉴定发展新变化,探索装备试验鉴定新理论,推进装备试验鉴定自主创新发展,亟需开展装备试验鉴定技术研究。美军相对较早开展了装备试验与鉴定工作,在作战试验与鉴定工作方面已形成了较完善的法规制度体系和规范的操作流程,有较成熟的理论与方法成果可供借鉴。与此同时,美军作战试验与鉴定工作也面临许多新问题。本文剖析了美军作战试验与鉴定的内涵和管理模式,研究了2018和2019年美军作战试验与鉴定的重点技术领域,并进行了对比分析,以期掌握近期美军作战试验与鉴定工作的发展变化。     

美国陆军网络装备作战评估及启示

作战试验能有效地推动装备体系的建设发展,本文通过分析美国陆军网络集成评估与联合作战评估的作战试验特点,提出军队开展装备作战试验的几个建议。首先,总结了美国陆军网络集成评估到联合作战评估的发展演变,主要包括网络集成评估的地位和作用、网络集成评估的实施流程以及13次网络集成评估和3次作战评估的有关情况;其次,分析了网络集成评估的一系列作战试验特点,诸如实际作战需求牵引、逼真场景构建、试训一体化模式、部队战斗力的直接生成以及作战能力的军民融合式发展等;最后,提出了网络集成评估带来的若干启示,从满足实战能力需求开展作战试验、突出装备体系的互操作能力评估、探索试训结合的作战试验模式、组建专门的作战试验部队及鼓励工业部门参与作战试验等方面推动军队作战试验的发展。     

Performance evaluation and optimization design of photoelectric pyrometer detection optical system

The measurement and control of high temperature play very important roles in national defense, military, scientific experiments, industrial and agricultural production. Photoelectric pyrometer is one of the important radiation thermometers for non-contact temperature measurement. It has an important application in the field of high temperature measurement, and its performance directly affects the accuracy of temperature measurement. By improving the design of the detection optical system of the photoelectric pyrometer, the imaging performance of the photoelectric pyrometer can be improved effectively, and the temperature measurement accuracy can be improved. In this paper, the temperature measurement principle of photoelectric pyrometer, the working principle of the detection optical system and the composition of the system are introduced. The optical components that affect the imaging of the optical system of the photoelectric pyrometer are analyzed. The optical pyrometer detection optical system is simulated by ZEMAX software, based on the analysis results, the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the spot Diagram are used as the main evaluation criteria to optimize the design of the objective lens of the photoelectric pyrometer detection optical system. The imaging performance of the photoelectric pyrometer detection optical system and the accuracy of temperature measurement of the photoelectric pyrometer are improved by optimization design of the detection optical system.     

An investigation on anti-impact and penetration performance of basalt fiber composites with different weave and lay-up modes

The woven basalt fiber composites (WBFC) and the unidirectional [0°/90°/45°/-45°]_s basalt fiber composites (UBFC) were prepared by hot-pressing. Three-point bending test, low velocity impact test, and ballistic test were performed to the prepared composites. After the tests, the specimens were recovered and analyzed for micromorphology. Three-point bending tests show that both the bending strength and stiffness of the WBFC surpass those of the UBFC. Low velocity impact test results show that the low velocity impact resistance to hemispherical impactor of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC, but the low velocity impact resistance to sharp impactor of the UBFC is lower than that of the WBFC. For the ballistic test, it can be found that the ballistic property of the UBFC is higher than that of the WBFC. After the tests, microscopic analysis of the specimens was applied, and their failure mechanism was discussed. The main failure modes of the UBFC are delamination and fibers breakage under the above loading conditions while the main failure mode of the WBFC is fibers breakage. Although delamination damage can be found in the WBFC under the above loading conditions, the degree of delamination is far less than that of the UBFC.     

Application of Markov renewal theory and semi-Markov decision processes in maintenance modeling and optimization of multi-unit systems

In this paper, a condition-based maintenance model for a multi-unit production system is proposed and analyzed using Markov renewal theory. The units of the system are subject to gradual deterioration, and the gradual deterioration process of each unit is described by a three-state continuous time homogeneous Markov chain with two working states and a failure state. The production rate of the system is influenced by the deterioration process and the demand is constant. The states of the units are observable through regular inspections and the decision to perform maintenance depends on the number of units in each state. The objective is to obtain the steady-state characteristics and the formula for the long-run average cost for the controlled system. The optimal policy is obtained using a dynamic programming algorithm. The result is validated using a semi-Markov decision process formulation and the policy iteration algorithm. Moreover, an analytical expression is obtained for the calculation of the mean time to initiate maintenance using the first passage time theory.