音波法气体管道泄漏定位影响因素分析及算法改进

为提高音波法气体管道泄漏定位的精度,对影响该方法泄漏定位的主要因素以及定位算法进行了研究。通过假设计算,分析了绝热指数和压缩因子对定位精度的影响。结果表明,压力较大时绝热指数和压缩因子变化较大,在定位计算中不能忽略。在此基础上,考虑管内沿线气体的流速、温度和压力分布等因素,对音速公式、气体流速公式以及定位公式进行修正,从而得到可以较为精确求解泄漏位置的计算公式,并通过牛顿-科茨公式改进算法。研究结果对进一步完善音波法管道气体泄漏检测技术具有一定的设计和理论指导意义。     

阶比谱分析与汽车起动电机故障的实时诊断

本文主要论述阶比谱分析方法及其在汽车起动电机故障实时诊断中的应用。首先阐述了阶比谱分析的原理以及阶比采样中混迭与泄漏的产生及其抑制方法,然后讨论了如何在起动电机运行过程短、升速快的情况下获取感兴趣的噪声信号,进而采用阶比谱分析方法从信号中提取故障特征信息,最后利用阀值判别法起动电机的故障进行实时诊断。     

轴对称物体空泡流动的数值计算

基于势流理论和边界元方法,对水下运动的回转体的空泡流进行了数值模拟.将半经验空泡封闭模型由平面流动推广至轴对称流动.对头部为圆锥的圆柱体空泡流动进行了数值计算.分析了空化数、半锥角、空泡长度间的关系.计算与实验结果符合较好.     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Research on fuze microswitch based on corona discharge effect

Abnormal voltages such as electrostatic, constant current, and strong electromagnetic signals can erro-neously trigger operation of MEMS pyrotechnics and control systems in a fuze, which may result in casualties. This study designs a solid-state micro-scale switch by combining the corona gas discharge theory of asymmetric electric fields and Peek's Law. The MEMS switch can be transferred from "off" to"on" through the gas breakdown between the corona electrodes. In the model, one of the two electrodes is spherical and the other flat, so a non-uniform electric field is formed around the electrodes. The theoretical work is as follows. First, the relation among the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode, the discharge gap, and the air breakdown voltage is obtained; to meet the low voltage (30-60 V) required to drive the MEMS switch, the radius of curvature of the spherical electrode needs to be 10-50 μm and the discharge gap between the two electrodes needs to be 9-11 μm. Second, the optimal ratio ε is introduced to parameterize the model. Finally, the corona discharge structural parameters are determined by comparing the theoretical and electric field simulation results. The switch is then fabricated via MEMS processing. A hardware test platform is built and the performing chip tested. It is found that when the electrode gap is 9 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 37.3 V, with an error of 2.6% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. When the electrode gap is 11 μm, the electrostatic voltage is at least 42.3 V, with an error of 10.5% between the actual and theoretical air breakdown voltages. Both cases meet the design requirements.     

发动机缸内压缩压力非接触式检测方法研究

发动机汽缸压缩压力是检测发动机机密封性的重要参数.发动机密封性降低,会造成发动机经济性、动力性下降及废气排放指标恶化,因此对各缸压缩压力的检测具有重要意义.现提出一种利用曲轴瞬时转速,进行不解体检测坦克发动机汽缸压缩压力的方法.通过实车测量获得缸压及转速的特征参数,利用灰色理论模型的方法建立了发动机转速脉动与汽缸压缩压力的数学关系.试验结果表明,利用这种方法进行缸内压缩压力测量是可行的.     

铺层方式对碳/环氧管层间剪应力影响的有限元分析

利用有限元程序ANSYS7.0对软模膨胀成型制备的碳/环氧管件在轴向载荷下的层间剪应力进行了分析。表明铺层的不对称性会显著导致环向层间剪应力增大,增幅在0.43～1.14倍,但对轴向层间剪应力影响很小;碳/环氧管的轴向铺层和环向铺层的比例对轴向层间剪应力和环向层间剪应力有显著影响,其比例在7∶3～4∶1时可以有效降低碳/环氧管的层间应力。     

基于改进零树小波的图像压缩算法在舰船故障远程诊断中的应用

结合舰船故障远程诊断中图像压缩、传输存在的问题和特点,提出对故障诊断图像实现感兴趣区域无损编码与背景区域高压缩比压缩相结合的思路。比较JPEG和JPEG2000算法的编码过程及缺陷,利用小波变换具有多分辨率分析的特点,提出了基于改进零树小波算法。以离散小波变换为基础,产生嵌入式码流,利用较粗尺度系数来预测较细尺度系数。针对某型燃气轮机的零级动叶部位破损的故障,完成了舰船故障远程诊断中机电设备故障图像的压缩应用研究。研究表明:原始图像压缩后能有效降低数据量;重构图像中的感兴趣区域清晰,说明改进零树小波算法完全能满足远程诊断需求。     

Maximizing the ratio of two convex functions over a convex set

The purpose of this article is to present an algorithm for globally maximizing the ratio of two convex functions f and g over a convex set X. To our knowledge, this is the first algorithm to be proposed for globally solving this problem. The algorithm uses a branch and bound search to guarantee that a global optimal solution is found. While it does not require the functions f and g to be differentiable, it does require that subgradients of g can be calculated efficiently. The main computational effort of the algorithm involves solving a sequence of subproblems that can be solved by convex programming methods. When X is polyhedral, these subproblems can be solved by linear programming procedures. Because of these properties, the algorithm offers a potentially attractive means for globally maximizing ratios of convex functions over convex sets. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

编队战斗机超视距空战效能评估

第三代战斗机主要空战模式是超视距空战,对编队战斗机超视距空战的全过程进行分析,建立了战斗机编队和导弹的运动模型,以领先发射概率和空战交换比作为评估指标,对编队战斗机超视距空战效能进行评估,最后给出了算例,重点分析了地面防空火力和编队战斗机数量、携带导弹总数等因素对空战交换比的影响.