基于景象匹配与惯导信息的SAR平台定位方法

利用高度传感器提供高度信息,结合高精度异源图像匹配技术与惯导系统漂移修正方法实现了SAR平台定位。根据成像中间时刻SAR平台与SAR图像中心线上物点在水平面的投影共线的特性,在单帧图像中心线上均匀选取若干点与光学基准图进行高精度景象匹配,计算平台在水平面上投影位置,并利用高度信息确定其空间位置;再使用序列图像定位结果估计惯导系统漂移参数,对惯导系统输出的位置数据进行修正,实现高精度的SAR平台定位。对各误差因素的影响进行了分析,推导了精度估计公式。仿真和实际序列图像实验结果表明,方法正确可行,平台定位精度较高,具备一定工程实用价值。     

稀疏卷积计算高效数据加载与输出缓存策略

针对现有神经网络加速器在处理稀疏神经网络时存在的数据加载效率低、乘加资源利用率低、输出缓存寻址逻辑复杂等问题,提出了稀疏卷积计算高效数据加载与输出缓存策略。将属于同一输入通道的非零输入特征图像数据和非零权重进行全对全乘累加运算,降低了非零数据配对难度,提高了乘加资源利用率;通过采用输入驻留计算,以及密集型循环加载特征图像数据,大幅减少了数据片外调取次数;优化了输出缓存设计,解决了现有方案中存在的输出缓存地址访问争用、存储拥塞等问题。实验表明,与采用类似架构的细粒度脉动加速器相比,在处理单元面积上减少了21.45%;在数据加载速度方面平均提高了117.71%在平均乘法器利用率方面提高了11.25%,达到89%。     

联合生成对抗网络和检测网络的SAR图像目标检测

针对合成孔径雷达图像目标检测中存在的样本获取困难且数量有限问题,提出了联合生成对抗网络和检测网络的学习模型。利用原始训练集对特别设计的超快区域卷积神经网络进行预训练;再通过基于注意力机制的深度学习生成对抗网络生成高质量合成样本,并输入检测网络进行预测;依据预测信息和概率等价类属标签分配策略为新生样本提供注释信息,并以一定占比对原始训练集进行扩充;利用扩充数据集对检测网络进行再训练。多组仿真实验证明,所提框架能够有效提升网络检测效率和性能。     

分布式异构集群中节点优先级调优算法

节点优先级常用于评价异构集群中节点的性能,因此节点优先级评价指标权重的选择非常重要。采用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)建立了节点优先级评价指标体系,计算得到各指标的初始权重,并使用BP神经网络对初始权重进行优化。训练时,BP网络输入为集群运行中采集的节点实时资源数据,输出为节点的优先级。分析网络训练完成后得到的权重矩阵可以获得各优先级评价指标的优化权重。实验表明,基于AHP和BP的节点优先级评价模型可以更加准确地分析节点性能。相比于Spark默认算法和权重未优化的对照算法,使用调优后的节点优先级可以有效提高集群性能。运行不同工作量的相同负载时,集群平均性能分别提高了16.64%和9.76%;处理相同工作量的不同负载时,集群的平均性能分别提高了12.49%和6.54%。     

Analysis of the effect of bore centerline on projectile exit conditions in small arms

Most finite element models of small arms focus on an idealized barrel, typically one with a perfectly straight bore centerline. Using five different experimentally measured bore centerlines, this investigation analyzes the effect centerline nonlinearity has on projectile exit conditions. This includes the effect of rotating a centerline through several orientations. Modeled using Abaqus/Explicit, this dynamic analysis simulates a single firing cycle for each centerline. Projectile jump is calculated for each model as a measure of the effects of warped centerlines. The warped centerlines have a small effect on barrel dynamics.     

科学管理、精益管理与精确作战工程保障研究

设计是作战行动筹划的重要步骤,精确工程保障需要对工程保障行动进行精密的设计和精确管理与控制。科学管理采用科学实验的方法,通过劳动方法标准化和差别计件工资制度,有效提高了工作效率,其基本原理经过百余年的实际检验,被证明是一个成熟有效的管理方法。借鉴科学管理理论,需要对工程保障行动进行动作研究,进而研究工程保障行动的作业标准,以期提高其保障效率。精益管理是在科学管理在新的历史时期的发展与改进,它使用了准时制、零库存、均衡生产、持续改进等先进的管理理念和六西格玛管理、成组技术等先进技术,为基于信息系统体系作战的工程保障能力生成提供了有益的借鉴,可加深我们对精确工程保障的理解,促进精确工程保障研究的可操作性。     

Dynamic analysis of a guided projectile during engraving process

The reliability of the electronic components inside a guided projectile is highly affected by the launch dynamics of guided projectile. The engraving process plays a crucial role on determining the ballistic performance and projectile stability. This paper analyzes the dynamic response of a guided projectile during the engraving process. By considering the projectile center of gravity moving during the engraving process, a dynamics model is established with the coupling of interior ballistic equations. The results detail the stress situation of a guided projectile band during its engraving process. Meanwhile, the axial dynamic response of projectile in the several milliseconds following the engraving process is also researched. To further explore how the different performance of the engraving band can affect the dynamics of guided projectile, this paper focuses on these two aspects: (a) the effects caused by the different band geometry; and (b) the effects caused by different band materials. The time domain and frequency domain responses show that the dynamics of the projectile are quite sensitive to the engraving band width. A material with a small modulus of elasticity is more stable than one with a high modulus of elasticity.     

Neural network modeling to evaluate the dynamic flow stress of high strength armor steels under high strain rate compression

An artificial neural network (ANN) constitutive model is developed for high strength armor steel tempered at 500 °C, 600 °C and 650 °C based on high strain rate data generated from split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments. A new neural network configuration consisting of both training and validation is effectively employed to predict flow stress. Tempering temperature, strain rate and strain are considered as inputs, whereas flow stress is taken as output of the neural network. A comparative study on Johnson–Cook (J–C) model and neural network model is performed. It was observed that the developed neural network model could predict flow stress under various strain rates and tempering temperatures. The experimental stress–strain data obtained from high strain rate compression tests using SHPB, over a range of tempering temperatures (500–650 °C), strains (0.05–0.2) and strain rates (1000–5500/s) are employed to formulate J–C model to predict the high strain rate deformation behavior of high strength armor steels. The J-C model and the back-propagation ANN model were developed to predict the high strain rate deformation behavior of high strength armor steel and their predictability is evaluated in terms of correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative error (AARE). R and AARE for the J–C model are found to be 0.7461 and 27.624%, respectively, while R and AARE for the ANN model are 0.9995 and 2.58%, respectively. It was observed that the predictions by ANN model are in consistence with the experimental data for all tempering temperatures.     

Initiating insurgencies abroad: French plans to ‘chouannise’ Britain and Ireland, 1793–1798

Secret French plans to launch guerrilla-style raids on the British Isles devised in the spring of 1796 were referred to as ‘chouanneries’. The name and concept behind these small-war operations were modelled on the irregular tactics used by the Chouan rebels in the Vendée, which the French state army had brutally quashed, but some wished to transfer into their institutional practice. Part of France's ongoing military strategy in the war against Britain, which included fomenting insurrection in Ireland, these irregular operations were to be manned partially by pardoned deserters and released convicts and prisoners of war. Of these, only Tate's brief invasion of Wales in 1797 was realised, but the surviving plans provide insightful historical lessons into an Anglophobic mindset shared by a small network of practitioners and policy deciders on the effectiveness of such shock and awe tactics. Largely motivated by the desire to take revenge for Britain's support of counter-revolutionaries in the Vendée, these plans could more aptly be referred to as counter-‘chouanneries’.     

非相干背景光辐照二波耦合中的最佳匹配随机共振

针对非相干背景光辐照二波耦合中参数的最佳匹配设计问题,提出了一种基于随机共振理论的研究方法。首先,文章通过二波耦合过程进行物理机理分析和数值实验分析,证明了该问题在本质上可归结为一种随机共振现象。其次,从随机共振的角度,研究其中的最佳参数设计问题,给出了一种分布处理的最优参数设计流程。按照该方法,在给定增益要求的情况下,先根据信号光饱和与否来确定晶体长度,最后根据非相干光的比例对增益的影响来确定非相干光的比例。仿真实验表明,经过最佳参数设计后,信号的增益和输出信噪比上均有显著提高。