基于来袭鱼雷方位变化率的制导类型识别技术

对来袭鱼雷的制导类型进行识别是水面舰艇实施有针对性鱼雷防御的前提条件,方位变化率则可作为类型识别的一个重要的识别依据。首先,从不同类型潜射鱼雷的发射方式和弹道特征入手,分别推导出潜射直航鱼雷、声自导鱼雷、尾流自导鱼雷方位变化率的表达式。其次,仿真分析了不同类型潜射鱼雷方位变化率的影响因素。最后,在给定的态势下,给出了四种不同类型潜射鱼雷方位变化率随雷舰距离的变化规律曲线。仿真结果能为鱼雷制导类型识别提供一定的参考依据。     

舰炮火控雷达实测误差时序特性分析建模

针对舰炮火控雷达高精度实时仿真建模的问题,运用高斯分布和正态平稳过程的两种误差序列生成方法,建立火控雷达简化仿真模型。通过对某火控雷达实测数据误差的统计及时序相关性分析,完成误差序列仿真生成与验证,给出了实现舰炮火控雷达探测误差仿真的优选方法。实践证明,正态平稳模型的误差生成方法可以有效满足新型舰炮仿真试验火控雷达建模要求。     

地球模型偏差对远程弹箭弹道仿真的影响及修正

针对地球模型精确度影响远程弹箭弹道仿真的问题,分析了地球模型偏差对弹道仿真精度的影响并加以修正。采用总的地球椭球系,在已有弹道模型的基础上,分析了垂线偏差的产生机理及其对定向定位参数的影响,并由此得出弹道几何偏移随定向偏差的变化规律,研究了引力加速度初值偏差对弹道的误差累积,并对由水准面不平行性造成的实际落点高差进行了理论推导。对比仿真算例表明,考虑地球模型偏差影响的仿真结果与不考虑的情况下差别较明显,在远程条件下对弹道仿真精度的影响不容忽视。     

基于核主成分分析方法的水面舰艇空中目标威胁评估?

对来袭空中目标的威胁进行评估与排序是舰艇对空火力分配的重要一环。根据来袭空中目标的特点,在确定目标指标后进行相应量化,针对来袭目标各指标间非线性的特点,提出使用核主成分分析法对目标信息进行特征提取,随后依据核主成分方差贡献率对威胁目标进行评估与排序。通过仿真算例验证,所得结果较为准确、客观,有效地克服传统方法中主观性较强的问题,并且在对指标数据提取的过程中降低了相关信息维数,降低了计算复杂度,为舰艇防空作战威胁评估提供了新途径。     

On lifetimes in random environments

For a component operating in random environment, whose hazard rate is assumed to be the realization of a suitable increasing stochastic process, conditions are found such that its lifetime is increasing in likelihood ratio (ILR). For the lifetimes of two components of the same kind some comparisons based on partial stochastic orders are presented. Some applications to the case of repairable components are finally provided. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 365–375, 1998     

Numerical modelling of non-ideal detonation in ANFO explosives applying Wood-Kirkwood theory coupled with EXPLO5 thermochemical code

Ammonium nitrate and fuel oil (ANFO) based explosive is a classic example of non-ideal high explosives. Its detonation is characterized by a strong dependence of detonation parameters on explosive charge diameter, presence and characteristics of confinement, as well as incomplete consumption of explosive at the sonic point.In this work we propose a detonation model based on the Wood-Kirkwood (WK) theory coupled with the thermochemical code EXPLO5 and supplemented with reaction rate models. Our objective is to analyze the validity of the model for highly non-ideal ANFO explosives, with emphasis on effect of reaction rate models.It was found that both single-step and two-step pressure-based models can be calibrated to reproduce experimental detonation velocity-charge radius data of ANFO at radii significantly above the failure radius (i.e. for D/D_id > ∼0.6). Single-step pressure-based model, with the pressure exponent equal to 1.4, proved to be the most accurate, even in the vicinity of the failure radius. The impact of the rate models is most evident on temporal (and spatial) distribution of flow parameters in detonation driving zone, especially when it comes to the conversion and width of detonation driving zone.     

Mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of polyurea nanocomposites under quasi-static and dynamic compressive loading

Polyurea is an elastomeric material that can be applied to enhance the protection ability of structures under blast and impact loading.In order to study the compressive mechanical properties of SiC/polyurea nanocomposites under quasi-static and dynamic loading,a universal testing machine and split Hop-kinson pressure bar(SHPB)apparatus were used respectively.The stress-strain curves were obtained on polyurea and its composites at strain rates of 0.001-8000 s-1.The results of the experiment suggested that increase in the strain rates led to the rise of the flow stress,compressive strength,strain rate sensitivity and strain energy.This indicates that all of the presented materials were dependent on strain rate.Moreover,these mechanical characters were enhanced by incorporating a small amount of SiC into polyurea matrix.The relation between yield stress and strain rates were established using the power law functions.Finally,in order to investigate the fracture surfaces and inside information of failed specimens,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and micro X-ray computed tomography(micro-CT)were used respectively.Multiple voids,crazes,micro-cracks and cracking were observed in fracture surfaces.On the other hand,the cracking propagation was found in the micro-CT slice images.It is essential to understand the deformation and failure mechanisms in all the polyurea materials.     

Phenomenological modelling of flow behaviour of 20MnMoNi55 reactor pressure vessel steel at cryogenic temperature with different strain rates

In the present study a phenomenological constitutive model is developed to describe the flow behaviour of 20MnMoNi55 low carbon reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel at sub-zero temperature under different strain rates. A set of uniaxial tensile tests is done with the variation of strain rates and temperature ranging from 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ to 10⁻¹ s⁻¹ and -80 °C to −140 °C respectively. From the experimental data, family of flow curves at different temperatures and strain rates are generated and fitted exponentially. The strain rate and temperature dependence of the coefficients of the exponential flow curves are extracted from these curves and characterised through a general phenomenological constitutive coupled equation. The coefficients of this coupled equation are optimised using genetic algorithm. Finite element simulation of tensile tests at different strain rates and temperatures are done using this coupled equation in material model of Abaqus FEA software and validated with experimental results. The novelties of proposed model are: (a) it can predict precisely the flow behaviour of tensile tests (b) it is a simple form of equation where fitting parameters are both function of strain rate ratio and temperature ratio, (c) it has ability to characterize flow behaviour with decreasing subzero temperatures and increasing strain rates.     

综合全球定位导航／火控系统性能模拟

描述综合全球定位导航／火控系统。在此基础上描述这种系统的模拟方法、模拟中采用的误差、卡尔曼滤波技术。简要总结了模拟的条件,并给出了两个示例的结果。