An efficient SPH methodology for modelling mechanical characteristics of particulate composites

Particulate composites are one of the widely used materials in producing numerous state-of-the-art components in biomedical, automobile, aerospace including defence technology. Variety of modelling techniques have been adopted in the past to model mechanical behaviour of particulate composites. Due to their favourable properties, particle-based methods provide a convenient platform to model failure or fracture of these composites. Smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is one of such methods which demonstrate excellent potential for modelling failure or fracture of particulate composites in a Lagrangian setting. One of the major challenges in using SPH method for modelling composite materials depends on accurate and efficient way to treat interface and boundary conditions. In this paper, a master-slave method based multi-freedom constraints is proposed to impose essential boundary conditions and interfacial displacement constraints in modelling mechanical behaviour of composite materials using SPH method. The proposed methodology enforces the above constraints more accurately and requires only smaller condition number for system stiffness matrix than the procedures based on typical penalty function approach. A minimum cut-off value-based error criteria is employed to improve the compu-tational efficiency of the proposed methodology. In addition, the proposed method is further enhanced by adopting a modified numerical interpolation scheme along the boundary to increase the accuracy and computational efficiency. The numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed master-slave approach yields better accuracy in enforcing displacement constraints and requires approximately the same computational time as that of penalty method.     

Survivability assessment of spacecraft impacted by orbit debris

To help optimize the spacecraft design and reduce the risk of spacecraft mission failure, a new approach to assess the survivability of spacecraft in orbit is presented here, including the following three steps:1) Sensitivity Analysis of spacecraft. A new sensitivity analysis method, a ray method based on virtual outer wall, is presented here. Using rays to simulate the debris cloud can effectively address the component shadowing issues. 2) Component Vulnerability analysis of spacecraft. A function"Component functional reduction degree — Component physical damage degree"is provided here to clearly describe the component functional reduction. 3) System-level Survivability Assessment of spacecraft. A new method based on expert knowledge reasoning, instead of traditional artificial failure tree method, is presented here to greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of calculation.     

Adaptive phasefield modelling of crack propagation in orthotropic functionally graded materials

In this work, we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials (FGMs). A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for adaptive mesh refinement. The proposed approach is capable of capturing the fracture process with a localized mesh refinement that provides notable gains in computational efficiency. The implementation is validated against experimental data and other nu-merical experiments on orthotropic materials with different material orientations. The results reveal an increase in the stiffness and the maximum force with increasing material orientation angle. The study is then extended to the analysis of orthotropic FGMs. It is observed that, if the gradation in fracture properties is neglected, the material gradient plays a secondary role, with the fracture behaviour being dominated by the orthotropy of the material. However, when the toughness increases along the crack propagation path, a substantial gain in fracture resistance is observed.     

恒电量微扰法研究在含Cl-介质Ce3+对航空铝材的缓蚀作用

本文用恒电量微扰法研究了Ce3+对铝合金在0．1mol·L-1NaCl介质中的缓蚀机理及抗孔蚀性。结果表明：铝合金孔蚀诱导过程及其表面形成林转化膜过程具有相同的电化学模式,电化学腐蚀速度控制步骤取决于钝化膜（转化膜）／溶液界面过程。Ce3+对铝合金孔蚀的诱导期和发展期均有抑制作用,形成铈转化膜后,铝基表面阻抗大大提高,耐孔蚀性增强。     

随机性理论在情报监视侦察建模中的应用

情报、监视、侦察(ISR)建模是战役级作战仿真建模的重点和难点,在仿真中不仅要求ISR模型能够准确地反映战场空间实体之间的感知交互,同时还要有较高的运行速度。为了解决此问题,以随机性理论为基础进行情报监视侦察的建模仿真,以区域侦察飞行器图像情报的建模全流程为例,阐述其主要环节的建模方法,并通过仿真实验验证了该套建模方法的适用性和有效性。与传统的确定性ISR建模方法相比,该方法在保证仿真精度的同时提高了运行效率,为战役级作战仿真中C4ISR建模与仿真提供了参考方法。     

基于可拓方法的C3I作战方案生成与评价

作战指挥决策支持系统是指挥自动化系统的重要组成部分,作战方案生成与评价是作战指挥决策支持系统的基本功能.根据作战指挥决策支持系统特点将可拓方法应用于作战方案生成与评价,并分析了其优势所在.结合空战案例运用发散树方法进行作战方案集的开拓,并利用优度评价方法进行作战方案的评价,从而得到最佳作战方案.     

高炮射弹飞行时间拟合

用插值拟合和最小二乘逼近拟合方法对高炮射弹飞行时间拟合问题进行了研究。通过对插值拟合公式原理及误差规律的分析,提出确定可用区间的"去值检验"方法,说明了插值拟合公式的应用范围。通过对最小二乘拟合公式实际计算结果的分析,得出了"拟合公式阶数取3为最佳"的结论。对其他口径高炮的射弹飞行时间拟合也基本适用。     

部队作战效能综合评估法

高技术条件下局部战争的显著特点是参战单位多、对抗关系复杂、战争不确定因素增加,如何在此情况下客观评估部队的作战效能是作战研究领域一个重点和难点。通过综合运用定性分析法、网络分析法、战斗效能指数法、作战模拟及系统动力学等多种方法和理论,建立了一种可对部队作战效能进行评估的综合评估法。并以高技术条件下岛上进攻作战中装甲团的作战效能评估为例,详细介绍了该方法的实施过程,认为该综合评估法是行之有效的。     

模糊Petri网在空舰导弹武器系统效能分析中的应用

空舰导弹武器系统综合效能分析不但对导弹的定型起着一定作用,而且对装载该导弹的作战飞机的作战效能都具有重要的意义。依据空舰导弹武器系统的战技指标要求,运用模糊Petri网的原理结合层次分析法,对导弹武器的性能采取定性分析与定量分析相结合,以定量分析为主的方法进行评价。仿真实例对某型空舰导弹系统效能进行评价,结果表明它是一种方便、实用、可行的方法。