边界条件对复合材料层合板准静态压痕损伤的影响

在实际的服役过程中,飞机用复合材料层合板通过四边铆接的方式与飞机金属框架进行连接,其受力时的边界条件为四边固支。以实际应用背景为基础,分别从分层损伤扩展模式、接触力、凹坑深度、损伤宽度四个方面系统地比较了四边固支和四边简支两种边界条件下,复合材料层合板准静态压痕损伤的区别。结果表明以上四种变量在两种边界条件下均存在明显差异,可为基于实际应用的复合材料准静态压痕损伤研究提供实验依据。     

金属弹簧脱碳层厚度与受热温度和时间的关系

应用给定温度下保温和模拟典型火灾温度曲线两种受热方式 ,对成品 6 5Mn弹簧进行受热处理 ,测定在不同受热温度与时间下弹簧的脱碳层厚度 ,发现在受热温度超过 6 0 0℃以后 ,随着受热时间和温度的增加 ,脱碳层厚度也随之增加。认为运用被火灾作用的弹簧钢脱碳层厚度可以鉴定火场中不同部位的受热温度和时间。     

高温结构陶瓷精密磨削塑性变质层的物理模型

用透射电镜观察发现了磨削表面微晶和非晶层的过渡行为。采用物相分析和Ｘ射线衍射谱线分析证实了变质层中微晶的存在,通过能谱分析确定了非晶层的化学成分,应用硅酸盐物理化学中的相平衡理论,在对玻璃相结构进行量化分析的基础上,研究证实了Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷表面变质层是由微晶和玻璃态化合物组成的塑性变质层。在此基础上,建立了陶瓷镜面磨削塑性变质层的物理模型,并用微刃切削理论解释了表面晶粒的碎化机理。     

Peace-building or structural violence? Deconstructing the aftermath of Nigeria/Cameroon boundary demarcation

ABSTRACT

There is a great conviction that the International Court of Justice’s ruling in 2002 on the Bakassi boundary dispute between Nigeria and Cameroon, and Nigeria’s decision to obey the ruling may have stopped a fierce inter-state war over the boundary. Indeed, many then ascribed to the whole boundary demarcation process as peacebuilding, disregarding the structural changes marked by the violence of forced migration. This article explores how the boundary delimitation has produced particular sorts of structural violence characterised by state neglect, loss of livelihoods and destitution. Thus, the article argues that although a full-blown war was avoided, the socio-economic conditions of the Nigerian populations on both sides of the border were not adequately considered and guaranteed as part of the peace-building agenda. It further argues that Nigeria, like many post-colonial states with the concentration of developments in major cities, neglects rural and border communities. Thus, the border communities accommodating the former Bakassi residents have further degenerated into ‘ill-governed’ spaces. This article uses structural violence as a framework to analyse the primary and secondary data to provide some deeper insights into the issues of violence being experienced by the local populations living on both sides of the demarcated border.