计算边界范围的选取对渗流作用下边坡稳定性分析精度的影响

目前针对渗流作用下边坡的稳定性分析一般都是首先通过渗流计算求得坡体内浸润面的位置,然后再进行安全系数的求解,所以当坡体后部地下水补给充足时,边界范围的选取将直接影响到坡体内浸润面的位置和安全系数的计算结果.由于PLAXIS有限元程序在渗流计算方面具有比较强大的功能,因此采用该软件对边界范围对渗流作用下边坡稳定性分析精度的影响进行研究.从算例所得到的结果看,当左边距等于10倍坡高时,安全系数的变化逐渐稳定,左边距的增大对安全系数不再产生影响.     

Peace-building or structural violence? Deconstructing the aftermath of Nigeria/Cameroon boundary demarcation

ABSTRACT

There is a great conviction that the International Court of Justice’s ruling in 2002 on the Bakassi boundary dispute between Nigeria and Cameroon, and Nigeria’s decision to obey the ruling may have stopped a fierce inter-state war over the boundary. Indeed, many then ascribed to the whole boundary demarcation process as peacebuilding, disregarding the structural changes marked by the violence of forced migration. This article explores how the boundary delimitation has produced particular sorts of structural violence characterised by state neglect, loss of livelihoods and destitution. Thus, the article argues that although a full-blown war was avoided, the socio-economic conditions of the Nigerian populations on both sides of the border were not adequately considered and guaranteed as part of the peace-building agenda. It further argues that Nigeria, like many post-colonial states with the concentration of developments in major cities, neglects rural and border communities. Thus, the border communities accommodating the former Bakassi residents have further degenerated into ‘ill-governed’ spaces. This article uses structural violence as a framework to analyse the primary and secondary data to provide some deeper insights into the issues of violence being experienced by the local populations living on both sides of the demarcated border.     

程控交换机硬件系统建模研究

底层功能实现模块是程控交换机多媒体仿真训练系统通用设计平台的关键部分。硬件配置是交换机工作的基础 ,是底层功能实现模块的重要组成部分。该文介绍了交换机硬件系统的建模 ,利用两种典型机型硬件实际的工作情况 ,解释并验证了所建立的通用功能流程图 ,并介绍了参数接口的管理与应用