低慢小无人机对军事区域的安全威胁及其应对方法

低慢小无人机具有小型化、红外与雷达暴露征候小、飞行高度低、飞行轨迹不定以及购买使用几乎无门槛等特征,给当前全球军事区域和军事行动安全带来了新的挑战.本文首先分析了世界主要国家对低慢小无人机的界定、国内外管控情况和相关威胁事件;然后,从低慢小无人机的侦察袭击能力、军事区域现有安防措施和低慢小无人机对军事区域进行侦察的相关...     

Design of infrared camouflage cloak for underground silos

The temperature difference between the exposed surface of an underground silo and the surrounding soil surface is significant, which means a silo can be easily found by infrared detection. We designed an infrared camouflage cloak consisting of an imitative layer and an insulation layer for the silos. The imitative layer is used to imitate the thermal response of the soil to the surrounding environment. The insulation layer is used to weaken the impact of the internal temperature field of the silo on the lower boundary of the imitative layer. A silo model including surrounding soil and a soil model without silo were established, and the influences of the material and thickness of each layer on the infrared camouflage effect were analyzed. The results show that when using a silicone rubber containing alumina powder with a volume fraction of 3.18% as the imitative material, its thermal inertia is in consistent with that of the soil. Meanwhile, it was found that the thickness of the imitative layer doesn’t need to be greater than its thermal penetration depth to achieve the infrared camouflage, and the absence of the insulation layer will cause hot spots on the silo surface in winter to weaken the camouflage effect. The optimized thicknesses of the imitative layer and the insulation layer are 22 cm and 4 cm respectively. The simulations indicate that with the application of the cloak, the maximum value of the absolute values of the temperature differences between the average temperatures of the silo surface and the surrounding soil surface temperatures drops from 1.59 °C to 0.31 °C in summer and from 1.92 °C to 0.21 °C in winter. This designed cloak can achieve an all-weather and full-time passive infrared camouflage.     

装备保障配置地域伪装防护效能定量评估

以易评定或可测量的因素作为评估指标,建立了装备保障配置地域伪装防护效能评估指标体系,运用模糊数学的方法,构造客观的隶属函数,根据给定的特征值参照表,确定了模糊关系矩阵,并在此基础上,结合层次分析法实现了对装备保障配置地域伪装防护效能的定量评估,同时避免了单纯使用专家评估法带来的主观性和评估周期过长等缺点。     

武器装备伪装的军事经济效益分析

假目标设置是装备伪装的基本内容之一。高技术战争中要求设置多倍假目标以提高战场生存概率,如何在考虑军事经济效益的前提下设置假目标数量是一个难题。基于装备的隐真和示假生存概率,建立了伪装的效费比数学模型,通过对效费比模型的分析对如何科学、合理地设置假目标数量提出了建议。     

方舱式指挥自动化系统的防护与伪装总体设计

针对不同战争形态下方舱式指挥自动化系统的生存问题,分析了其在未来战场将面临的主要问题,研究了在总体设计阶段提高未来战场生存能力的对策,提出了总体设计思路和技术措施.     

植物叶片仿生伪装材料的设计与制备

设计和制备了一种新型的植物叶片仿生伪装材料,其由透明聚氯乙烯表层、叶绿素/聚乙烯醇薄膜、含水高阻隔袋和纸张四层组成.其中,透明聚氯乙烯表层提供防水性能,叶绿素封装于高隔氧材料聚乙烯醇中提高了其光稳定性,水封装于高隔水材料中降低了其蒸发散失速度,纸张提供了类植物叶片的疏松多孔结构.光谱测试结果表明,该仿生伪装材料在可见光...     

军用机场阵地对抗不可预见作战的伪装策略

相对固定的军力部署会提前暴露军事意图。为避免此种情况，美军在2018年《国防战略报告》中提出要实现作战的不可预见性。未来美军不可预见的动态军事力量部署一定程度上增加了军事斗争准备难度。为提升军队机场阵地战场生存能力，有必要针对性地调整应对策略，增强对抗“不可预见作战”的能力。本文着眼军用机场阵地，从三个方面分析对抗不可预见作战的伪装策略：首先阐述不可预见作战的特点，其次分析在“不可预见作战”条件下，现有机场阵地在伪装方面的短板，最后提出对抗“不可预见作战”的伪装策略。通过分析认为，为对抗美军新的作战构想，军事机场阵地伪装策略应从战时应用调整为平战结合，应更加侧重平时的伪装训练和伪装工程建设。