Excess capacity in weapons production: An empirical analysis∗ †

This paper analyzes a set of observations by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) on individual weapons systems regarding whether large amounts of excess capacity exist and whether short run average cost (SRAC) appears to be severely decreasing. It is shown that the amount of excess capacity and steepness of SRAC are essentially independent of output rate. It is then argued that this suggests that production is occurring in inefficiently large plants—i.e.—off the long run cost curve.     

基于实战化条件下人民防空装备体系管理能力建设

基于实战化条件下人民防空装备体系管理能力建设应着眼国家安全利益拓展,人民防空转型建设需求和完成多样化任务需要,强化顶层设计,搞好储备,坚持信息主导,着眼＂能打仗、打胜仗＂,坚持＂战斗力这个唯一的根本的标准＂,建设与发展相适应的人民防空装备体系管理能力。     

导弹结构热防护一体化设计与优化

针对导弹面临的严酷气动热力环境,基于传统波纹夹芯结构,为导弹设计了一种兼具承载和热防护功能的一体化结构。建立热-结构耦合计算模型,对一体化结构进行结构承载与热防护性能分析,结果表明:一体化结构在高温下具有较好的承载能力;增加一体化结构隔热层与内壁厚度有助于提高导弹的热防护效率。以一体化结构热防护效率最高和质量最小为目标,采用第二代非支配排序遗传算法实现了多目标优化,并认识到:一体化结构热防护效率与质量相互影响,设计时需要需综合考虑。     

National restrictions in multinational military operations: A conceptual framework

Recent scholarship in security studies has started to explore the causes and consequences of various forms of national restrictions in multinational military operations (MMOs). This article makes a conceptual contribution to this literature by developing a theoretical framework of national restrictions in MMOs that distinguishes between structural, procedural, and operational restrictions. I argue that these types of restrictions are governed by different causal mechanisms. Structural restrictions are relatively stable over time and effect deployment decisions irrespective of other factors. Procedural restrictions, on the other hand, can constitute veto points against deployment only in combination with distinct political preferences. Finally, operational restrictions directly affect the rules of engagement of troop contributing countries. The article illustrates the three types of restrictions and their interaction with empirical examples from a range of countries and sketches their impact on MMO deployment decisions and mandates.     

军事安全视角下的军队翻译能力建设

军队翻译能力是军队外语能力的组成部分。军队翻译能力的理论框架包含构成要素、存在形式和转换机制三个组成部分。新的安全形势对我军的翻译保障在广度和深度上都有了新的要求,而军队翻译能力供给相对不足。需要对军队翻译能力进行规划,加强翻译人力资源的储备与管理,提升翻译保障信息化水平。     

基于全寿命周期的舰船喷水推进装置综合保障技术研究

针对舰船喷水推进装置的保障需求,介绍了喷水推进装置的基本组成、技术特点,引入环境特征,使用特征因素,研究喷水推进装置从交装到服役期满的全寿命服役周期的综合保障技术,提出针对喷水推进装置在不同状态、不同时期的保障策略,建立喷水推进装置保障能力体系。     

A multi‐stage stochastic programming approach for network capacity expansion with multiple sources of capacity

In networks, there are often more than one sources of capacity. The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker. Depending on the nature of sources, we identify the permanent capacity, spot market capacity, and contract capacity. We use a scenario tree to model the uncertainty, and build a multi‐stage stochastic integer program that can incorporate multiple sources and multiple types of capacities in a general network. We propose two solution methodologies for the problem. Firstly, we design an asymptotically convergent approximation algorithm. Secondly, we design a cutting plane algorithm based on Benders decomposition to find tight bounds for the problem. The numerical experiments show superb performance of the proposed algorithms compared with commercial software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 600–614, 2017     

军用航空发动机大修能力评估方法

针对航空发动机修理工厂大修能力难以评估的问题,提出了航空发动机大修能力评估方法。分析了航空发动机大修生产过程;根据航空发动机大修生产工作特点,建立了基于生产职能分解的航空发动机大修能力评估指标体系,构建出基于熵权和灰色聚类的评估指标赋权模型;结合实例验证了方法的正确性和实用性。     

有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估及保障方案优化

备件库存和站点维修能力是影响备件维修周转的重要因素,制约装备使用效果。针对备件需求随任务阶段动态变化的装备保障方案评估和优化问题,考虑站点维修能力对备件维修过程的影响,结合METRIC建模方法和动态排队理论,建立了有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估模型。在评估模型基础之上,以保障费用为优化目标,装备可用度为约束条件,建立了任务期内多级保障系统保障方案优化模型。以任务期内的最低可用度所对应的备件短缺数为观测值,分析了各项资源的边际效益值,采用边际优化算法对各项资源进行优化计算。算例分析表明,评估模型能够计算多级保障系统任务期内各阶段装备可用度;保障方案优化模型和方法能够得到各项保障资源的优化配置方案。提出的模型和优化方法能够为装备保障人员制定合理的保障方案提供决策支持。